Abstract: A method of treating porous material, such as cement or concrete. In this method, fatty acid alkyl esters having 16 to 22 carbon atoms are provided. Polystyrene is dissolved in the fatty acid alkyl esters to thereby form a blend composition. The blend composition is then applied to a cementitious material, which effectively seals the cementitious material and protects it. In another embodiment, a cementitious material prepared in accordance with the method just described is disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a robust and efficient process for reducing the cloud point of biodiesel fuel in which clathrates are formed from saturated fatty acid components as solvent is evaporated from a mixture of urea, methanol and fatty acid esters. The process speed can be fast, and is governed by the speed with which urea can be brought into clathrate forming contact with the fatty acid esters in the first instance, and then by the speed that solvent can be evaporated. Advantageously, substantially all of the solvent can be evaporated as pure solvent, which enhances process efficiencies and reduces cost. Additionally, substantially all of the urea can be used to form clathrates, further maximizing process efficiency.

Abstract: A method of treating porous material, such as cement or concrete. In this method, fatty acid alkyl esters having 16 to 22 carbon atoms are provided. Polystyrene is dissolved in the fatty acid alkyl esters to thereby form a blend composition. The blend composition is then applied to a cementitious material, which effectively seals the cementitious material and protects it. In another embodiment, a cementitious material prepared in accordance with the method just described is disclosed.

Abstract: A method for predicting onset of liquid phase to solid phase transition of a mixture including a plurality of fatty acid methyl esters components. The method includes identifying chemical and molecular structure of each component of the mixture, calculating activity coefficients for each component in a liquid phase and a solid phase, calculating chemical potential for each component in the liquid phase and in the solid phase at a predetermined temperature and a predetermined pressure, and calculating the cloud point of the mixture. A system for carrying out the method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A non-aqueous blend composition for treating a porous material comprising triacylglycerides obtained from vegetable oils and containing a fatty acid component and a polystyrene dissolved in the triacylglycerides to form a blend composition, the polystyrene component being present in the blend composition in an amount of from about 1% to about 40% by weight of the fatty acid component.

Abstract: The present invention provides a robust and efficient process for reducing the cloud point of biodiesel fuel in which clathrates are formed from saturated fatty acid components as solvent is evaporated from a mixture of urea, methanol and fatty acid esters. The process speed can be fast, and is governed by the speed with which urea can be brought into clathrate forming contact with the fatty acid esters in the first instance, and then by the speed that solvent can be evaporated. Advantageously, substantially all of the solvent can be evaporated as pure solvent, which enhances process efficiencies and reduces cost. Additionally, substantially all of the urea can be used to form clathrates, further maximizing process efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention provides a robust and efficient process for reducing the cloud point of biodiesel fuel in which clathrates are formed from saturated fatty acid components as solvent is evaporated from a mixture of urea, methanol and fatty acid esters. The process speed can be fast, and is governed by the speed with which urea can be brought into clathrate forming contact with the fatty acid esters in the first instance, and then by the speed that solvent can be evaporated. Advantageously, substantially all of the solvent can be evaporated as pure solvent, which enhances process efficiencies and reduces cost. Additionally, substantially all of the urea can be used to form clathrates, further maximizing process efficiency.

Abstract: A method for predicting onset of liquid phase to solid phase transition of a mixture including a plurality of fatty acid methyl esters components. The method includes identifying chemical and molecular structure of each component of the mixture, calculating activity coefficients for each component in a liquid phase and a solid phase, calculating chemical potential for each component in the liquid phase and in the solid phase at a predetermined temperature and a predetermined pressure, and calculating the cloud point of the mixture. A system for carrying out the method is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a robust and efficient process for reducing the cloud point of biodiesel fuel in which clathrates are formed from saturated fatty acid components as solvent is evaporated from a mixture of urea, methanol and fatty acid esters. The process speed can be fast, and is governed by the speed with which urea can be brought into clathrate forming contact with the fatty acid esters in the first instance, and then by the speed that solvent can be evaporated. Advantageously, substantially all of the solvent can be evaporated as pure solvent, which enhances process efficiencies and reduces cost. Additionally, substantially all of the urea can be used to form clathrates, further maximizing process efficiency.

Abstract: A non-aqueous blend composition for treating a porous material comprising triacylglycerides obtained from vegetable oils and containing a fatty acid component and a polystyrene dissolved in the triacylglycerides to form a blend composition, the polystyrene component being present in the blend composition in an amount of from about 1% to about 40% by weight of the fatty acid component.

Abstract: A non-aqueous blend composition for treating a porous material comprising triacylglycerides obtained, from vegetable oils and containing a fatty acid component and a polystyrene dissolved in the triacylglycerides to form a blend composition, the polystyrene component being present in the blend composition in an amount of from about 1% to about 40% by weight of the fatty acid component.

Abstract: A non-aqueous blend composition for treating a porous material comprising triacylglycerides obtained, from vegetable oils and containing a fatty acid component and a polystyrene dissolved in the triacylglycerides to form a blend composition, the polystyrene component being present in the blend composition in an amount of from about 1% to about 40% by weight of the fatty acid component.

Abstract: A vegetable lipid-based composition and candle comprised of a vegetable lipid component and a petroleum wax is described. The vegetable lipid component may include a triglyceride or a free fatty acid/triglyceride mixture. The vegetable lipid-based composition has properties that make it advantageous in candle production.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition comprising methyl esters derived from vegetable oils having less than about 3% by weight of saturated fatty acid methyl esters and a cloud point of less than about ?30° C. A method for making the lowered cloud point composition is also disclosed in which vegetable derived methyl esters, urea and alcohol are mixed under sufficient heat to form a homogenous mixture. The mixture is then cooled to a temperature where a solid phase and a liquid phase are formed. The solid phase is enriched in saturated fatty acid methyl esters and the liquid phase is enriched in unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters. The solid phase is separated from the liquid phase. Finally, unused urea and methanol are removed from the liquid phase to form a liquid composition having a cloud point of less than about ?30° C. and less than about 3% by weight saturated fatty acid methyl esters.

Abstract: A vegetable lipid-based composition comprised of a vegetable lipid component and a petroleum wax is described. The vegetable lipid component may include a triglyceride or a free fatty acid/triglyceride mixture. The vegetable lipid-based composition has properties that make it advantageous in candle production.

Abstract: A vegetable lipid-based composition comprised of a vegetable lipid component and a petroleum wax is described. The vegetable lipid component may include a triglyceride or a free fatty acid/triglyceride mixture. The vegetable lipid-based composition has properties that make it advantageous in candle production.

Abstract: A vegetable lipid-based composition which includes a triglyceride or a free fatty acid/triglyceride mixture. The vegetable lipid-based composition has properties that make it advantageous in candle production.

Abstract: A vegetable lipid-based composition comprised of a vegetable lipid component and a petroleum wax is described. The vegetable lipid component may include a triglyceride or a free fatty acid/triglyceride mixture. The vegetable lipid-based composition has properties that make it advantageous in candle production.

Abstract: A vegetable lipid-based composition comprised of a vegetable lipid component and a petroleum wax is described. The vegetable lipid component may include a triglyceride or a free fatty acid/triglyceride mixture. The vegetable lipid-based composition has properties that make it advantageous in candle production.

Abstract: A structural fat particularly suitable for margarines and other emulsified spreads, especially stick-type products is disclosed. This fat has a unique triglyceride composition. The important positional isomers are the SSS, SOS, SSO and SOO/SLS triglycerides, wherein S=saturated fatty acid residue, O=oleic acid residue and L=linoleic acid residue. The weight ratios of palmitic to stearic acid and oleic to linoleic acid residues attached to the glycerides are important. The fat can be obtained from a solventless two-step thermal fractionation of palm oil.