Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to designing dyes and methods to alter the parameters controlling the dipole-dipole coupling of dyes bound to a nucleotide oligomer architecture, which are used to propagate excitons for use in next generation room temperature quantum information systems. The disclosed dyes and methods are directed to changing the dye stability, symmetry, overlap, and steric hindrance of the dyes to fine tune aggregate systems.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to designing dyes and methods to alter the parameters controlling the dipole-dipole coupling of dyes bound to a nucleotide oligomer architecture, which are used to propagate excitons for use in next generation room temperature quantum information systems. The disclosed dyes and methods are directed to changing the dye stability, symmetry, overlap, and steric hindrance of the dyes to fine tune aggregate systems.

Abstract: New phosphoramidite Cy5 derivatives can be used in automated DNA synthesis, allowing the labeling of DNA sequences with a wider array of chromophores than are presently commercially available. In addition to varying dye hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity, the 5,5?-substituents (including hexyloxy, triethyleneglycol monomethyl ether, tert-butyl, and chloro groups) can modulate electron donating/withdrawing character while also tuning resulting absorption and emission properties. Modification of the Cy5 periphery enables the tuning of photophysical properties, such as absorption and emission maxima, fluorescence quantum yield, and fluorescence lifetime.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to an optically active medium comprising dye aggregates and optionally a nucleotide oligomer or other nucleotide-based architecture, which may be used in in optical devices, in particular nonreciprocal devices (i.e., devices in which energy flows in one direction only), that can respond to differences in the polarization of light. An analysis is presented of the energy levels and the strengths of the optical transitions (changes in energy states) for a three-chromophore (dye) aggregate in which the chromophores are coupled with a J-like (i.e., end-to-end) stacking. Specific devices and methods of use are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: The nucleotides can then be polymerized into oligomers. The design of the oligomers will depend on the design of the overall architecture. Simple architectures may be designed by any methods. However, more complex architectures may be design using software, such as caDNAno (as described at cadnano.org/docs.html, and herein incorporated by reference), to minimize errors and time. The user may input the desired shape of the architecture into the software and once finalized, the software will provide the oligomer sequences of the bricks to create the desired architecture. The length of the oligomers may be from about 10 to about 10,000, or less than about 9,000, less than about 8,000, less than about 5,000 nucleotides in length. The length of the oligomer will be optimized for the type of architecture used.

Abstract: An excitonic device comprises an exciton transmission line comprised of a row of molecules. Propagation of excitons is mediated by an exciton exchange interaction. The gate consists of a molecule “a” that interacts with a proximal molecule via a two-body exciton interaction. If the gate molecule is not excited, it does not couple to the transmission line thereby allowing incoming signals to propagate unimpeded. If the gate molecule is excited, signals are back scattered as a result of the two-body interaction between the exciton residing on “a” and the excitons on the transmission line. The ballistic exciton transistor has industrial applications that extend to at least fast optical switching, optical communication, exciton devices, and exciton-based information processing.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for colorimetric detection schemes for detecting a variety of biomolecules. The compositions and methods employ DNA hybridization chain reaction for catalytic aggregation of gold nanoparticles. In this catalytic aggregation scheme, a single target DNA strand triggers the formation of multiple inter-particle linkages in contrast to the single linkage formed in conventional direct aggregation schemes.

Abstract: A system is described that exhibits the functionality of a beam-splitter, typically an optical device that splits a beam of light in two. In this case, the beams are acoustic pulses and can lead to the creation of a Wannier-Mott exciton: a bound state of an electron and an electron hole whose attraction to each other is maintained by the electrostatic Coulomb force. This exciton beam-splitter is lossy (i.e., involves the dissipation of electrical or electromagnetic energy). Half of the time the exciton is radiated away. Nevertheless, if the exciton is not lost, the exciton is now in a superposition of two states that can be well separated in position. Four such beam-splitters can be used to make an exciton interferometer that uses the interference patterns from the interacting acoustic pulses to extract information.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to an all-optical excitonic switch comprising one or two oligonucleotides that comprises in turn donor/acceptor chromophores and photochromic nucleotide and is assembled with nanometer scale precision using DNA nanotechnology. The disclosed all-optical excitonic switches operate successfully in both liquid and solid phases, exhibiting high ON/OFF switching contrast with no apparent cyclic fatigue. The all-optical excitonic switches disclosed herein have small footprint and volume, low energy requirement, and potential ability to switch at speeds in tens of picosecond.

Abstract: A photo-lithography system may include a first light source configured to generate a first light beam having a first wavelength. The first light beam may be modified, where an intensity of the first wavelength absent within a threshold radius from the center of the modified first light beam, and wherein the intensity of the first wavelength present a radius that is greater than the threshold radius. The system may include a second light source configured to generate a second light beam having a second wavelength that is present within the threshold radius from the center of the second light beam. A lens may focus the first light beam and the second light beam onto a layer of photoresist applied to a surface. The photoresist may include double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) oligomers and photochromic moieties intercalated therein.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to designing dyes and methods to alter the parameters controlling the dipole-dipole coupling of dyes bound to a nucleotide oligomer architecture, which are used to propagate excitons for use in next generation room temperature quantum information systems. The disclosed dyes and methods are directed to changing the dye stability, symmetry, overlap, and steric hindrance of the dyes to fine tune aggregate systems.

Abstract: By bringing two chromophores close enough together such that near-filed interactions result in a change in absorption and can be measured by absorbance or visually observed with the eye. Examples of near-field interactions that could cause such an effect include electromagnetic dipole-dipole interactions and interactions resulting from orbital overlap as the chromophores are bought very proximate to one another. The change in absorption results in a color change and stronger absorption which produces a brighter color. The manner in which the multiple chromophores are placed close enough together is by using nucleotide self-assembly.

Abstract: Using nucleotide architectures to very closely and precisely placed chromophores that produce quantum coherent excitons, biexcitons, and triexcitons upon excitement to create excitonic quantum wires, switching, and gates that would then form the basis of quantum computation. Creating the various excitons and controlling the timing of the excitons would be performed using light of the corresponding wavelength and polarization to stimulate the corresponding chromophores.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for colorimetric detection schemes for detecting a variety of biomolecules. The compositions and methods employ DNA hybridization chain reaction for catalytic aggregation of gold nanoparticles. In this catalytic aggregation scheme, a single target DNA strand triggers the formation of multiple inter-particle linkages in contrast to the single linkage formed in conventional direct aggregation schemes.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for colorimetric detection schemes for detecting a variety of biomolecules. The compositions and methods employ DNA hybridization chain reaction for catalytic aggregation of gold nanoparticles. In this catalytic aggregation scheme, a single target DNA strand triggers the formation of multiple inter-particle linkages in contrast to the single linkage formed in conventional direct aggregation schemes.

Abstract: A modified or isolated composition comprising a gel. The gel includes a plurality of first polymers, each of said first polymers having first functional groups comprising a first nucleic acid sequence attached as side-chains thereto. The gel includes a plurality of second polymers, each of said second polymers having second functional groups comprising a second nucleic acid sequence attached as side-chains thereto, said first and said second functional groups forming a reversible cross-link between said first and said second polymers, wherein said cross-link comprises a plurality of hydrogen bonds between complementary base portions of said first and said second nucleic acid sequences.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition for selectively delivering an active agent to a portion of an organism. The composition comprises first and second polymer portions, having first and second functional groups attached as a side-chain thereto, respectively. The first and second functional groups form cross-links between the first and second polymer portions. The cross-links are capable of being broken by a substance of the organism, thereby resulting in release of the active agent. The composition provides a novel means for controlling the selective release of the active agent in the organism.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a substrate and a plurality of DNA oligomers in contact with a top surface of the substrate. The substrate is a polar ferroelectric or a polar compound semiconductor.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition for selectively delivering an active agent to a portion of an organism. The composition comprises first and second polymer portions, having first and second functional groups attached as a side-chain thereto, respectively. The first and second functional groups form cross-links between the first and second polymer portions. The cross-links are capable of being broken by a substance of the organism, thereby resulting in release of the active agent. The composition provides a novel means for controlling the selective release of the active agent in the organism.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition for selectively delivering an active agent to a portion of an organism. The composition comprises first and second polymer portions, having first and second functional groups attached as a side-chain thereto, respectively. The first and second functional groups form cross-links between the first and second polymer portions. The cross-links are capable of being broken by a substance of the organism, thereby resulting in release of the active agent. The composition provides a novel means for controlling the selective release of the active agent in the organism.