Abstract: A method and system for cooling an internal space are provided. A laminate of a hydrophobic membrane and a hydrophilic membrane includes a superabsorbent polymer disposed on or encompassing the hydrophilic membrane. The superabsorbent polymer increases the wicking capacity of the hydrophilic membrane so that water from a source is distributed more rapidly across the hydrophilic membrane. The distributed water is evaporated from the hydrophilic membrane, causing evaporative cooling of the laminate and surrounding air stream(s). The cooled air stream(s) are used to cool the internal space.

Abstract: A method and system for cooling an internal space are provided. A laminate of a hydrophobic membrane and a hydrophilic membrane includes a superabsorbent polymer disposed on or encompassing the hydrophilic membrane. The superabsorbent polymer increases the wicking capacity of the hydrophilic membrane so that water from a source is distributed more rapidly across the hydrophilic membrane. The distributed water is evaporated from the hydrophilic membrane, causing evaporative cooling of the laminate and surrounding air stream(s). The cooled air stream(s) are used to cool the internal space.

Abstract: Electrodes and electrocatalyst layers incorporating modified carbon products. The modified carbon products may advantageously enhance the properties of an electrode or electrode layer, leading to more efficiency within the a fuel cell or similar device.

Abstract: A composite proton exchange membrane includes first and second outer proton exchange membrane layers each having an exterior peripheral portion. An inner proton exchange membrane layer is interposed between the first and second outer membrane layers. The inner membrane layer has an exterior peripheral portion encompassed within each of the outer membrane layer peripheral portions. A substantially fluid-impermeable edge bonding film is interposed between the first and second outer membrane layers. The edge bonding film circumscribes the inner membrane layer peripheral portion and is disposed within each of the outer membrane layer peripheral portions. The edge bonding film cooperates with the first and second outer membrane layers to encapsulate the inner layer.

Abstract: A composite proton exchange membrane includes first and second outer proton exchange membrane layers each having an exterior peripheral portion. An inner proton exchange membrane layer is interposed between the first and second outer membrane layers. The inner membrane layer has an exterior peripheral portion encompassed within each of the outer membrane layer peripheral portions. A substantially fluid-impermeable edge bonding film is interposed between the first and second outer membrane layers. The edge bonding film circumscribes the inner membrane layer peripheral portion and is disposed within each of the outer membrane layer peripheral portions. The edge bonding film cooperates with the first and second outer membrane layers to encapsulate the inner layer.

Abstract: Electrodes and electrocatalyst layers incorporating modified carbon products. The modified carbon products may advantageously enhance the properties of an electrode or electrode layer, leading to more efficiency within the a fuel cell or similar device.

Abstract: Gas/Fluid diffusion layers incorporating modified carbon products. The modified carbon products advantageously enhance the properties of gas/fluid diffusion layers, leading to more efficiency within a fuel cell or similar device incorporating the gas/fluid diffusion layer.

Abstract: Proton exchange membranes incorporating modified carbon products. The modified carbon products advantageously enhance the properties of proton exchange membranes, leading to more efficiency within a fuel cell or similar device.

Abstract: Bipolar plates incorporating modified carbon products. The modified carbon products advantageously enhance the properties of the bipolar plates, leading to more efficiency within a fuel cell or a similar device.

Abstract: Compositions for use as catalysts in electrochemical reactions are described. The compositions are alloys prepared from two or more elemental metals selected from platinum, molybdenum, osmium, ruthenium, rhodium, and iridium. Also described are electrode compositions including such alloys and electrochemical reaction devices including such catalysts.