Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed that provides a system to perform a procedure on a patient or on a patient's anatomy. The apparatus can include a guide member that includes at least three degrees of freedom of movement of a guide or alignment portion. The apparatus can be used to guide or form reference points for a guide to resect a portion of an anatomy.

Abstract: A surgical navigation system for tracking a procedure relative to a patient is disclosed. The system can track a portion of the patient, an instrument, both, and both or either relative to image data, a coordinate system, an atlas, a morphed atlas, or combinations thereof. The system can include a minimally or non-invasive dynamic reference frame and/or fiducial marker, sensor tipped instruments, and isolator circuits.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed that provides a system to perform a procedure on a patient or on a patient's anatomy. The apparatus can include a guide member that includes at least three degrees of freedom of movement of a guide or alignment portion. The apparatus can be used to guide or form reference points for a guide to resect a portion of an anatomy.

Abstract: A registration artifact (10) for use in registering two or more fluoroscopic images includes a plurality of radio opaque spheres (12, 14, 16) and a plurality of trackable markers, such as optical reflectors (20, 22, 24 and 26), mounted to a radio transparent body (11). A tracking system locates the position of registrable artifact using the trackable markers for registering the fluoroscopic images with respect to a known frame of reference.

Abstract: A registration artifact (10) for use in registering two or more fluoroscopic images includes a plurality of radio opaque spheres (12, 14, 16) and a plurality of trackable markers, such as optical reflectors (20, 22, 24 and 26), mounted to a radio transparent body (11). A tracking system locates the position of registrable artifact using the trackable markers for registering the fluoroscopic images with respect to a known frame of reference.

Abstract: A passive exercise apparatus includes an interface member for coupling to a user's limb. An arm member is coupled to the interface member by a wrist joint. The wrist joint has rotational motion about three axes. A first link is coupled to the arm member by a sliding joint. The sliding joint allows translational motion of the arm member relative to the first link. A second link is rotatably coupled to the first link by a first rotary joint. A third link is rotatably coupled to the second link by a second rotary joint. A first brake is coupled to the first rotary joint for resisting movement of the first rotary joint. A second brake is coupled to the second rotary joint for resisting movement of the second rotary joint. A third brake is coupled to the arm member for resisting movement of the arm member. The user is capable of interfacing with the apparatus to exercise a six degree of freedom motion.