Abstract: A cold rolled steel flat product for packaging made of a low carbon steel having a thickness of less than 0.49 mm and a method of making. The steel flat product has a martensite-free microstructure and represents a standard grade for packaging with tensile strengths from 300 to 550 MPa, which can be produced from a cold-rolled steel sheet with a carbon content from 0.01% to 0.1% by weight by inductive annealing of the steel sheet and subsequent water cooling for quenching the recrystallization-annealed steel sheet. To achieve flatness of 5 I-units or less, the induction annealed steel sheet is first primarily cooled in the manufacturing process to a take-off temperature at a rate of less than 1000 K/s, with the take-off temperature being below the transformation temperature of 723° C., and thereafter a secondary cooling by water cooling with a water temperature of less than 80° C. at a rate of more than 1000 K/s.

Abstract: A method for producing a steel sheet for packaging includes: cold-rolling a hot-rolled steel sheet made from a steel having a carbon content of 10 to 1000 ppm by weight, the steel of the hot-rolled steel sheet having a predetermined recrystallization temperature (TR); heating the cold-rolled steel sheet to a predetermined heating temperature (TE), where TR?TE, the heating performed at least partially in the presence of a nitrogen donor at least until TR is reached such that when the cold-rolled steel sheet is heated, nitrogen from the nitrogen donor is diffused at least into a near-surface region of the cold-rolled sheet steel and incorporated in the near-surface region, as a result of which the TR in the near-surface region is increased by a value ?T, where TE<TR+?T. Using this method, high-strength steel sheets having a multilayer microstructure can be produced.

Abstract: A cold rolled steel flat product for packaging made of a low carbon steel having a thickness of less than 0.49 mm and a method of making. The steel flat product has a martensite-free microstructure and represents a standard grade for packaging with tensile strengths from 300 to 550 MPa, which can be produced from a cold-rolled steel sheet with a carbon content from 0.01% to 0.1% by weight by inductive annealing of the steel sheet and subsequent water cooling for quenching the recrystallization-annealed steel sheet. To achieve flatness of 5 I-units or less, the induction annealed steel sheet is first primarily cooled in the manufacturing process to a take-off temperature at a rate of less than 1000 K/s, with the take-off temperature being below the transformation temperature of 723° C., and thereafter a secondary cooling by water cooling with a water temperature of less than 80° C. at a rate of more than 1000 K/s.

Abstract: A packaging sheet metal product from a cold-rolled steel sheet with a thickness of less than 0.6 mm has a specified composition. The packaging sheet metal product during biaxial deformation in a bulge test has a lower yield strength (SbeL) of more than 300 MPa and a corresponding elongation at break (Ab) of more than 10% and in the plastic region between the Lüders elongation (Abe) and an upper (plastic) elongation limit of ?max=0.5·Ab·(SbeL/Sbm) has a biaxial stress/strain diagram ?B(?) that can be represented by a function ?B=b·?n, with: ?B is the true biaxial stress in MPa; ? is the amount of true elongation in the thickness direction in %; Sbm is the absolute strength; b is a proportionality factor; and n is a strain-hardening exponent. A strengthening of the packaging sheet product in the thickness direction is characterized by a strain-hardening exponent of n?0.353-5.1·SbeL/104 MPa.

Abstract: A cold-rolled flat steel product for packaging materials has a thickness of less than 0.6 mm, which has been cold-rolled from steel along a rolling direction (0°) and which has an excellent isotropy with respect to its mechanical properties.

Abstract: A cold-rolled flat steel product for packaging materials has a thickness of less than 0.6 mm, which has been cold-rolled from steel along a rolling direction (0°) and which has an excellent isotropy with respect to its mechanical properties.

Abstract: A packaging sheet metal product from a cold-rolled steel sheet with a thickness of less than 0.6 mm has a specified composition. The packaging sheet metal product during biaxial deformation in a bulge test has a lower yield strength (SbeL) of more than 300 MPa and a corresponding elongation at break (Ab) of more than 10 % and in the plastic region between the Lüders elongation (Abe) and an upper (plastic) elongation limit of ?max=0.5·Ab(SbeL/Sbm) has a biaxial stress/strain diagram ?B(?) that can be represented by a function ?max=b·?n, with: ?B is the true biaxial stress in MPa; ? is the amount of true elongation in the thickness direction in %; Sbm is the absolute strength; b is a proportionality factor; and n is a strain-hardening exponent. A strengthening of the packaging sheet product in the thickness direction is characterized by a strain-hardening exponent of n?0.353?5.1·SbeL/104 MPa.

Abstract: A nitrided packaging steel in the form of a flat steel product and method for producing a nitrided packaging steel with a carbon content of 10-1000 ppm and uncombined nitrogen, dissolved in the steel, of more than 100 ppm. The nitriding is performed in two stages: a first stage, in which a molten steel is nitrided to a nitrogen content of at most 160 ppm by introducing a nitrogen-containing gas and/or a nitrogen-containing solid into the molten steel, and a second stage, in which a flat steel product produced from the nitrided molten steel by cold rolling is treated with a nitrogen-containing gas in order to increase further the amount of uncombined nitrogen in the flat steel product.

Abstract: A can steel plate includes: equal or less than 0.0030% by mass of C; equal or less than 0.02% by mass of Si; 0.05-0.60% by mass of Mn; equal or less than 0.020% by mass of P; equal or less than 0.020% by mass of S; 0.010% to 0.100% by mass of Al; 0.0010-0.0050% by mass of N; 0.001-0.050% by mass of Nb; and balance Fe and impurities. Intensity of (111) [1-21] orientation (where ?2 represents 2 with bar in Miller indices) and intensity of (111)[1-10] orientation (where ?1 represents 1 with bar in Miller indices) satisfy the following equation (1), and in a rolling direction and 90° direction from the rolling direction in a horizontal plane, tensile strength TS (MPa) and fracture elongation El (%) satisfy relations of the following equations (2) and (3). (Intensity of (111) [1-21] orientation)/(Intensity of (111) [1-10] orientation)>0.9 . . . (1), TS>550 . . . (2), El>?0.02×TS+17.5 . . . (3).

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the operationally reliable production of a cold-rolled flat steel product of ?0.5 mm in thickness for deep-drawing and ironing applications. In the method, a steel melt which (in wt %) comprises up to 0.008% C, up to 0.005% Al, up to 0.043% Si, 0.15-0.5% Mn, up to 0.02% P, up to 0.03% S, up to 0.020% N and in each case optionally up to 0.03% Ti and up to 0.03% Nb and, as a remainder, iron and unavoidable impurities, is, with the omission of a Ca treatment, subjected to a secondary metallurgical treatment which, in addition to a vacuum treatment, comprises a ladle furnace treatment and during which the steel melt to be treated is kept under a slag, the Mn and Fe contents of which are, in sum total, <15 wt %. From the steel melt, a thin slab or a cast strip are produced, which are subsequently hot-rolled to form a hot strip with a thickness of <2.5 mm and wound to form a coil. Subsequently, the hot strips are cold-rolled to form a flat steel product of up to 0.5 mm in thickness.

Abstract: A nitrided packaging steel in the form of a flat steel product and method for producing a nitrided packaging steel with a carbon content of 10-1000 ppm and uncombined nitrogen, dissolved in the steel, of more than 100 ppm. The nitriding is performed in two stages: a first stage, in which a molten steel is nitrided to a nitrogen content of at most 160 ppm by introducing a nitrogen-containing gas and/or a nitrogen-containing solid into the molten steel, and a second stage, in which a flat steel product produced from the nitrided molten steel by cold rolling is treated with a nitrogen-containing gas in order to increase further the amount of uncombined nitrogen in the flat steel product. The second stage is performed in an annealing furnace, in which the flat steel product is at the same time annealed in a recrystallizing manner.

Abstract: A method for producing a nitrided packaging steel from a hot-rolled steel product with a carbon content of 400 to 1200 ppm, utilizing a cold-rolling of the steel product to a flat steel product, subsequent recrystallization annealing of the cold-rolled flat steel product in an annealing furnace, in particular a continuous annealing furnace. A nitrogen-containing gas is supplied into the annealing furnace and is directed at the flat steel product to introduce unbonded nitrogen into the flat steel product in an amount corresponding to a concentration of more than 100 ppm, or to increase the amount of unbonded nitrogen in the flat steel product to a concentration of more than 100 ppm, and subsequent cooling of the recrystallized annealed flat steel product at a cooling rate of at least 100 K/s directly after the recrystallization annealing.

Abstract: A can steel plate includes: equal or less than 0.0030% by mass of C; equal or less than 0.02% by mass of Si; 0.05-0.60% by mass of Mn; equal or less than 0.020% by mass of P; equal or less than 0.020% by mass of S; 0.010% to 0.100% by mass of Al; 0.0010-0.0050% by mass of N; 0.001-0.050% by mass of Nb; and balance Fe and impurities. Intensity of (111) [1-21] orientation (where ?2 represents 2 with bar in Miller indices) and intensity of (111)[1-10] orientation (where ?1 represents 1 with bar in Miller indices) satisfy the following equation (1), and in a rolling direction and 90° direction from the rolling direction in a horizontal plane, tensile strength TS (MPa) and fracture elongation El (%) satisfy relations of the following equations (2) and (3). (Intensity of (111) [1-21] orientation)/(Intensity of (111) [1-10] orientation)>0.9 . . . (1), TS>550 . . . (2), El>?0.02×TS+17.5 . . . (3).

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a steel sheet provided with a protective layer for producing a ring-pull top or a can having a ring-pull top, where the steel sheet is made of an unalloyed or low-alloy steel having a carbon content of less than 0.1% by weight, and also an associated process. The problem proceeding from known steel sheets having a protective layer, namely to provide a steel sheet by means of which ring-pull tops which for a constant residual wall thickness of the notch line have a lower tear-off force can be produced by means of the ring-pull top, is solved by the steel sheet being recrystallizingly heat treated at a heating rate of more than 75 K/s and after the recrystallizing heat treatment cooled at a cooling rate of at least 100 K/s and then coated with the protective layer.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the operationally reliable production of a cold-rolled flat steel product of ?0.5 mm in thickness for deep-drawing and ironing applications. In the method, a steel melt which (in wt %) comprises up to 0.008% C, up to 0.005% Al, up to 0.043% Si, 0.15-0.5% Mn, up to 0.02% P, up to 0.03% S, up to 0.020% N and in each case optionally up to 0.03% Ti and up to 0.03% Nb and, as a remainder, iron and unavoidable impurities, is, with the omission of a Ca treatment, subjected to a secondary metallurgical treatment which, in addition to a vacuum treatment, comprises a ladle furnace treatment and during which the steel melt to be treated is kept under a slag, the Mn and Fe contents of which are, in sum total, <15 wt %. From the steel melt, a thin slab or a cast strip are produced, which are subsequently hot-rolled to form a hot strip with a thickness of <2.5 mm and wound to form a coil. Subsequently, the hot strips are cold-rolled to form a flat steel product of up to 0.5 mm in thickness.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for the production of an aluminized packaging steel from a cold-rolled steel sheet made of an unalloyed or low-alloy steel with the following steps: a. heating of the steel sheet by electromagnetic induction at temperatures in the recrystallization range of the steel at a heating rate of more than 75 K/s, so as to anneal the steel sheet in a recrystallizing manner; b. dipping of the steel sheet annealed in a recrystallizing manner into a molten aluminum bath, so as to apply an aluminum layer on the steel sheet, wherein the steel sheet, upon being dipped into the aluminum bath, has a temperature of at least 700° C.; and c. pulling the steel sheet out of the aluminum bath and cooling the aluminized steel sheet at a cooling rate of at least 100 K/s.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a steel sheet provided with a protective layer for producing a ring-pull top or a can having a ring-pull top, where the steel sheet is made of an unalloyed or low-alloy steel having a carbon content of less than 0.1% by weight, and also an associated process. The problem proceeding from known steel sheets having a protective layer, namely to provide a steel sheet by means of which ring-pull tops which for a constant residual wall thickness of the notch line have a lower tear-off force can be produced by means of the ring-pull top, is solved by the steel sheet being recrystallizingly heat treated at a heating rate of more than 75 K/s and after the recrystallizing heat treatment cooled at a cooling rate of at least 100 K/s and then coated with the protective layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to sheet steel for use as packaging steel, made of a non-alloy or low-alloy and cold-rolled steel having a carbon content of less than 0.1%. According to the invention, in order to use such sheet steel for packaging steel that has good formability and can be produced in a cost-effective way, the sheet steel contains less than 0.4 wt % of manganese, less than 0.04 wt % of silicium, less than 0.1 wt % of aluminum, and less than 0.1 wt % of chromium and is provided with a multi-phase structure, comprising ferrite and at least one of the structure constituents martensite, bainite, and/or residual austenite. The invention further relates to a method for producing such packaging steel from cold-rolled sheet steel.