Abstract: A data reading method is provided. The method includes using X read voltage sets to read a target word line, so as to obtain X read results; in a first order, updating a final Gray code index of each of a plurality of target memory cells of the target word line, and obtaining (X?1) abnormal Gray code count sets according to the X read results, wherein an ith read result among the X read results includes a Gray code corresponding to an ith read voltage set of each of the target memory cells, and the Gray code corresponds to one of N Gray code indexes; and selecting (N?1) optimized read voltages from (X?1)*(N?1) read voltages of the corresponding (X?1) read voltage sets to form an optimized read voltage set according to the obtained (X?1) abnormal Gray code count sets.

Abstract: Embodiments disclose a device for testing biological specimen. The device includes a receiving mechanism to receive a carrier. The carrier includes a holding area that carries or has been exposed to the biological specimen. The device includes a camera module arranged to capture imagery of the holding area. The camera module includes an focusing motor operable to adjust a focal point of the camera. The device also includes a processor that is configured to utilize the camera module to determine, based on operations of the focusing motor, a volumetric property of the holding area and perform a set of analytic processes on at least a portion of the captured imagery of the holding area to determine one or more properties of the biological specimen.

Abstract: A memory management system includes a memory, a processor, a memory access monitoring module and a memory management module. The processor is used to access the memory. The memory access monitoring module includes a first terminal coupled to the processor, and a second terminal coupled to the memory. The memory access monitoring module is used to monitor whether the processor has accessed the memory so as to generate monitor data. The memory management module is used to receive the monitor data and predict when the memory is to be accessed according to at least the monitor data.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a semiconductor component includes forming an interlayer dielectric (ILD) layer on a substrate, forming a trench in the interlayer dielectric layer, forming a metal gate in the trench, removing a portion of the metal gate protruding from the ILD layer, reacting a reducing gas with the metal gate, and removing a top portion of the metal gate.

Abstract: A circuit board and a heat dissipating device are provided. The heat dissipating device is for dissipating heat from a heat element. The heat dissipating device comprises: a base, having a plurality of fixing holes, each of the fixing holes is disposed adjacent to a periphery of the base, each connecting direction is respectively defined according to a connecting line between each of the fixing holes and the adjacent fixing holes; a fin set, disposed on the base and having at least one airflow channel; and a fan assembly, disposed in the fin set to generate an airflow flows through the at least one airflow channel, wherein a vertical projection of the direction of the at least one airflow channel on the base and a vertical projection of the connecting line direction on the base are non-orthogonal and non-parallel.

Abstract: A memory management method and a storage controller using the same are provided. The method includes reading a target word-line to identify a plurality of raw Gray code indexes corresponding to a plurality of memory cells of the target word-line; performing a decoding operation on raw data of the target word-line to identify a plurality of decoded Gray code indexes corresponding to the memory cells; calculating a plurality of Gray code absolute bias values corresponding to the memory cells according to the raw Gray code indexes and the decoded Gray code indexes; and identifying one or more abnormal memory cells among the memory cells according to the Gray code absolute bias values; and recording the one or more abnormal memory cells into an abnormal memory cell table, wherein a Gray code absolute bias value of each of the one or more abnormal memory cells is greater than a bias threshold.

Abstract: A driving circuit, a display apparatus and a driving method thereof are provided. The display panel is divided into a plurality of regions including a first region having a rectangular form and a second region having a free form. The driving circuit generates a plurality of control clocks having a first duty cycle during a first period and a second duty cycle different from the first duty cycle during a second period, or having a first phase shift during the first period and a second phase shift different from the first phase shift during the second period, or having a first driving capability during the first period and a second driving capability different from the first driving capability during the second period.

Abstract: An apparatus for buffing a shoe part includes a housing adapted to be articulated around at least a portion of the footwear part. A rotating spindle is positioned in the housing and has a buffing surface for engagement with the footwear part. A carriage is slideably connected to the housing and holds the spindle such that the buffing surface can be moved closer to and further away from the footwear part. An actuator is in the housing and in contact with the carriage. The actuator applies force to the carriage to increase the force of the buffing surface onto the footwear part. A biasing member is in the housing and in contact with the carriage. The biasing member exerts force onto the carriage in a direction opposite the force exerted by the actuator.

Abstract: An integrated circuit for driving a display panel is provided. The integrated circuit includes a gamma mapping unit and a mura compensation unit. The gamma mapping unit is configured to receive a gray level of an image data, map the gray level to a gamma code according to at least one gamma table, and output the gamma code. The mura compensation unit is configured to receive the gamma code, and compensate the gamma code according to at least one de-mura table to generate a compensation result after the gamma mapping unit performs the step of mapping the gray level to the gamma code. The integrated circuit drives the display panel according to the compensation result. In addition, a method for driving a display panel is also provided.

Abstract: A data reading method is provided. The method includes using X read voltage sets to read a target word line, so as to obtain X read results; in a first order, updating a final Gray code index of each of a plurality of target memory cells of the target word line, and obtaining (X?1) abnormal Gray code count sets according to the X read results, wherein an ith read result among the X read results includes a Gray code corresponding to an ith read voltage set of each of the target memory cells, and the Gray code corresponds to one of N Gray code indexes; and selecting (N?1) optimized read voltages from (X?1)*(N?1) read voltages of the corresponding (X?1) read voltage sets to form an optimized read voltage set according to the obtained (X?1) abnormal Gray code count sets.

Abstract: A semiconductor device and method for forming the semiconductor device are provided. A first layer is formed over a semiconductor layer, and a first patterned mask is formed over the first layer. A cyclic etch process is then performed to define a second patterned mask in the first layer. The cyclic etch process includes a first phase to form a polymer layer over the first patterned mask and a second phase to remove the polymer layer and to remove a portion of the first layer. A portion of the semiconductor layer is removed using the second patterned mask to define a fin from the semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A memory management method for a storage device having a rewritable non-volatile memory module is provided, wherein the rewritable non-volatile memory module has a plurality of physical units, and each of the physical units has a plurality of word-lines. The method includes: performing a first checking operation on a target physical unit among the physical units according to an occurrence of a specific event; and determining whether a first operation needs to be performed on valid data in the target physical unit according to a checking result of the first checking operation that corresponds to the target physical unit.

Abstract: An apparatus for buffing a shoe part includes a housing adapted to be articulated around at least a portion of the footwear part. A rotating spindle is positioned in the housing and has a buffing surface for engagement with the footwear part. A carriage is slideably connected to the housing and holds the spindle such that the buffing surface can be moved closer to and further away from the footwear part. An actuator is in the housing and in contact with the carriage. The actuator applies force to the carriage to increase the force of the buffing surface onto the footwear part. A biasing member is in the housing and in contact with the carriage. The biasing member exerts force onto the carriage in a direction opposite the force exerted by the actuator.

Abstract: A display apparatus including a display panel, a display driver, a controller and an external circuit is introduced. The display drive includes a power circuit that supplies a first voltage and a second voltage to the display panel to sense a plurality of sensing currents flowing through the display panel according to the first voltage and the second voltage in a first operating mode. The display driver receives the plurality of sensing currents and a target current from the display panel in the first operating mode. The controller is coupled to the display driver and configured to determine a plurality of offsets according to the plurality of sensing currents and the target current in the first operating mode. The external memory is coupled to the controller and the display driver to store the offsets in the first operating mode. The display driver and a method adapted to a display apparatus are also introduced.

Abstract: A memory management method and a storage controller using the same are provided. The method includes reading a target word-line to identify a plurality of raw Gray code indexes corresponding to a plurality of memory cells of the target word-line; performing a decoding operation on raw data of the target word-line to identify a plurality of decoded Gray code indexes corresponding to the memory cells; calculating a plurality of Gray code absolute bias values corresponding to the memory cells according to the raw Gray code indexes and the decoded Gray code indexes; and identifying one or more abnormal memory cells among the memory cells according to the Gray code absolute bias values; and recording the one or more abnormal memory cells into an abnormal memory cell table, wherein a Gray code absolute bias value of each of the one or more abnormal memory cells is greater than a bias threshold.

Abstract: A click pad which is applied to an electronic device includes a top board, a circuit board, a metal elastic board, a conductive connection layer, a bottom bracket and a restoration unit. The circuit board is located under the top board and connected to the top board. The metal elastic board under the circuit board includes a metal elastic board main body and a connection part. A buffer gap is formed between the metal elastic board main body and the circuit board. The connection part connects to the metal elastic board main body. The conductive connection layer connects to the circuit board and the connection part. The bottom bracket under the metal elastic board includes a protruding part. The protruding part supports the metal elastic board main body. The restoration unit supports the circuit board.

Abstract: A click pad which is applied to an electronic device includes a top board, a circuit board, a metal elastic board, a conductive connection layer, a bottom bracket and a restoration unit. The circuit board is located under the top board and connected to the top board. The metal elastic board under the circuit board includes a metal elastic board main body and a connection part. A buffer gap is formed between the metal elastic board main body and the circuit board. The connection part connects to the metal elastic board main body. The conductive connection layer connects to the circuit board and the connection part. The bottom bracket under the metal elastic board includes a protruding part. The protruding part supports the metal elastic board main body. The restoration unit supports the circuit board.

Abstract: Activating an extension includes opening a first compose application by a first computing device. A composed document is received, and an extension is activated in response to the document. The extension may be activated as the document is being composed.

Abstract: A touchpad device is fixed to a chassis. The touchpad device includes a base plate. The base plate is fixed to the chassis. The base plate includes a body portion and fixed portions. The body portion has holes. Each of the fixed portions is connected to the body portion and extends into a corresponding one of the holes. Each of the fixed portions includes a fixed segment and at least one connecting arm. The fixed segment is fixed to the chassis. The connecting arm is connected between the fixed segment and the body portion.