Abstract: A semiconductor device and methods of forming the same are disclosed. The semiconductor device includes a substrate, first and second source/drain (S/D) regions, a channel between the first and second S/D regions, a gate engaging the channel, and a contact feature connecting to the first S/D region. The contact feature includes first and second contact layers. The first contact layer has a conformal cross-sectional profile and is in contact with the first S/D region on at least two sides thereof. In embodiments, the first contact layer is in direct contact with three or four sides of the first S/D region so as to increase the contact area. The first contact layer includes one of a semiconductor-metal alloy, an III-V semiconductor, and germanium.

Abstract: A semiconductor device and methods of forming the same are disclosed. The semiconductor device includes a substrate, first and second source/drain (S/D) regions, a channel between the first and second S/D regions, a gate engaging the channel, and a contact feature connecting to the first S/D region. The contact feature includes first and second contact layers. The first contact layer has a conformal cross-sectional profile and is in contact with the first S/D region on at least two sides thereof. In embodiments, the first contact layer is in direct contact with three or four sides of the first S/D region so as to increase the contact area. The first contact layer includes one of a semiconductor-metal alloy, an III-V semiconductor, and germanium.

Abstract: The application discloses examples of a device housing of an electronic device including a magnesium-alloy substrate. The device housing further including a treatment layer applied over the magnesium-alloy substrate and a metallic coating layer applied over the treatment layer to provide a metallic luster. Further, a paint coating layer is disposed over a first portion of the metallic coating layer. Further, a top coating layer is applied over the paint coating layer and a visible second portion of the metallic coating layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of identifying a candidate compound which may inhibit estrogen receptor-dependent transcription or ?9-nAChR overexpression and proliferation of nicotine-derived-compound-induced breast cancer cells by using an activating protein 1 (AP1) polypeptide. The invention found that ?9-nAChR has an activating protein 1 (AP1)-binding site, that the ?9-nAChR promoter is located at the AP1-binding site, and that ERs specifically bind to the ?9-nAChR promoter at the AP1-binding site, indicating that ER-induced ?9-nAChR up-regulation plays a central role in the response to endogenous (E2) or exogenous (nicotine) stimulation.

Abstract: The invention found that overexpression and activation of ?9-nAChR are associated with tumorigenesis of breast cancer and create a number of small interfering RNAs to inhibit the expression of ?9-nAChR so as to inhibit breast cancer. Therefore, the invention provides small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) for inhibiting expression of ?9-nAChR so as to inhibit breast cancer, methods to prevent/inhibit/treat malignant progression of nicotine-derived-compound-induced breast cancer and method of determining malignant level of such breast cancer.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of identifying a candidate compound which may inhibit estrogen receptor-dependent transcription or ?9-nAChR overexpression and proliferation of nicotine-derived-compound-induced breast cancer cells by using an activating protein 1 (AP1) polypeptide. The invention found that ?9-nAChR has an activating protein 1 (AP1)-binding site, that the ?9-nAChR promoter is located at the AP1-binding site, and that ERs specifically bind to the ?9-nAChR promoter at the AP1-binding site, indicating that ER-induced ?9-nAChR up-regulation plays a central role in the response to endogenous (E2) or exogenous (nicotine) stimulation.

Abstract: The invention found that overexpression and activation of ?9-nAChR are associated with tumorigenesis of breast cancer and create a number of small interfering RNAs to inhibit the expression of ?9-nAChR so as to inhibit breast cancer. Therefore, the invention provides small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) for inhibiting expression of ?9-nAChR so as to inhibit breast cancer, methods to prevent/inhibit/treat malignant progression of nicotine-derived-compound-induced breast cancer and method of determining malignant level of such breast cancer.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods of aiding smoking cessation and/or treating and/or preventing smoking addition or methods of treating and/or preventing nicotine or nicotine-derived compounds or estrogen induced breast cancer, which comprises administering to a subject an effective amount of a tea polyphenol. The invention uses catechins (such as epigallocatechin gallate (“EGCG”), epigallocatechin (“EGC”), epicatechin gallate (“ECG”), epicatechin (“EC”), gallocatechin gallate (“GCG”), gallocatechin (“GC”), catechin gallate (“CG”) and catechin (“C”)) in aiding smoking cessation and/or treating and/or preventing smoking addition or treating and/or preventing nicotine or nicotine-derived compounds or estrogen induced breast cancer.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods of treating and/or preventing nicotine or nicotine-derived compounds or estrogen induced breast cancer, which comprises administering to a subject an effective amount of a tea polyphenol. The invention uses catechins (such as epigallocatechin gallate (“EGCG”), epigallocatechin (“EGC”), epicatechin gallate (“ECG”), epicatechin (“EC”), gallocatechin gallate (“GCG”), gallocatechin (“GC”), catechin gallate (“CG”) and catechin (“C”)) in treating and/or preventing nicotine or nicotine-derived compounds or estrogen induced breast cancer.

Abstract: A finger operated module generates encoding signals by controlling transmission of light in response to finger operation of the module. The module includes a base member, a supporting member movably installed on the base member, and a rotating member rotatably installed on the supporting member, the rotating member partially protruding from a surface of the input device for enabling finger operation. An encoding signal generating media for controlling the transmitted light is provided on a first surface of the rotating member.

Abstract: A finger operated module for generating encoding signals is disclosed. The finger operated module of the present invention is used to generate encoding signals in response to a finger operation among the module for controlling transmission of light. The module partially protruding from a surface of an input device comprises a base member, a supporting member movably installed on the base member, and a rotating member pivoted on the supporting member and partially protrudes from the surface of the input device for receiving the finger operation, wherein an encoding signal generating media for controlling the transmitted light is provided on a first surface of the rotating member.

Abstract: A finger operated module generates encoding signals by controlling transmission of light in response to finger operation of the module. The module includes a base member, a supporting member movably installed on the base member, and a rotating member rotatably installed on the supporting member, the rotating member partially protruding from a surface of the input device for enabling finger operation. An encoding signal generating media for controlling the transmitted light is provided on a first surface of the rotating member.

Abstract: A view control system for controlling the display of a view within an image over a computer monitor is disclosed. The system comprises a computer for displaying the view over the monitor and for scrolling the view within the image according to scrolling signals so that various portions of the image can be seen through the view, a computer mouse electrically connected to the computer through a flexible cable for controlling movements of a cursor displayed over the monitor, a view control button installed over the mouse for sensing a direction of a finger input and generating scrolling signals according to the sensed direction of the finger input and the length of time of each input to control the scrolling of the view within the image, and a bi-directional button installed over the mouse for generating a zooming signal within the scrolling signal for zooming in or out of the view within the image.

Abstract: A finger operated module generates encoding signals by controlling transmission of light in response to finger operation of the module. The module includes a base member, a supporting member movably installed on the base member, and a rotating member rotatably installed on the supporting member, the rotating member partially protruding from a surface of the input device for enabling finger operation. An encoding signal generating media for controlling the transmitted light is provided on a first surface of the rotating member.

Abstract: A window frame pointing method is used for pointing a window frame out of multiple window frames contained within a window interface by using a mouse. The content of the window interface will automatically be scrolled if the pointed window frame is not displayed over a monitor screen. The mouse comprises a two dimensional control button for generating a two dimensional pointing signal. The window interface is controlled by a window software which comprises a frame control module for controlling the pointing of a window frame according to the pointing signal.