Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method. An output voltage level is sensed. Determining if a power source delivers power to a system. If the output voltage is higher than a designed voltage threshold (Vh), then the power source will stop delivery of power to a circuit. If the output voltage is lower than another voltage threshold (Vl), the power source transfers power to the system until the output voltage reaches the designed voltage threshold (Vh).

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a fast voltage stabilizer wherein an actual voltage across a targeted electronic element is sensed. The actual voltage is compared with a reference voltage. A control signal is generated, wherein in response to the control signal, an external current path is provided to maintain current flow and stabilize the actual voltage through charging or discharging an input capacitor and a supply filtering capacitor. Under an arbitrary supply voltage variation, a fast dynamic response to regulate the voltage across the targeted electronic element is provided no matter what the operating mode of the entire electrical circuit is, including but not limited by constant current mode, constant output resistant mode and constant power mode.

Abstract: An adaptive constant current-constant voltage (CC-CV) transition circuit comprises an amplifier, a series-pass device with current sense, a feedback network and a constant current controller to provide a stable and smooth transition between a constant voltage mode and a constant current mode, and vice versa. A voltage regulator loop comprises an amplifier, an optional buffer, a series-pass device with current sense and a feedback network which provides a feedback voltage to the amplifier. A current regulation loop comprises the amplifier, the optional buffer, the series-pass device, the feedback network and a constant current controller comprising a trans-impedence amplifier and a transconductance comparator which generate a current signal to a pseudo-constant bias (PCB) and a voltage signal to the adaptive compensation network (ACN) of the amplifier.

Abstract: A direct drive LED lighting circuit includes a LED current control circuit with a power switching device; a current sensing device, an averaging circuit, and an error amplifier. A LED chain circuit is formed by connecting several LEDs in series with a capacitor connecting in parallel with the series of LEDs, with a current flowing in side as a positive terminal, and a current leaving terminal as a negative terminal. The LED chain circuit and the LED current control circuit are connecting in series and the whole circuit is connected between the positive and negative terminals of a rectified AC power source.

Abstract: A supply circuit includes a rectifying bridge arranged in series between two high voltage capacitors. An AC line provides an intermediate voltage to a low voltage capacitor through the two high voltage capacitors. A plurality of resistors mounted in series with the two high voltage capacitors. A voltage clamping device limits the intermediate voltage at the low voltage capacitor and a linear series regulator provides an output DC voltage.

Abstract: A supply circuit includes a rectifying bridge arranged in series between two high voltage capacitors. An AC line provides an intermediate voltage to a low voltage capacitor through the two high voltage capacitors. A plurality of resistors mounted in series with the two high voltage capacitors. A voltage clamping device limits the intermediate voltage at the low voltage capacitor and a linear series regulator provides an output DC voltage.

Abstract: A three terminal high voltage Darlington bipolar transistor power switching device includes two high voltage bipolar transistors, with collectors connected together serving as the collector terminal. The base of the first high voltage bipolar transistor serves as the base terminal. The emitter of the first high voltage bipolar transistor connects to the base of the second high voltage bipolar transistor (inner base), and the emitter of the second high voltage bipolar transistor serves as the emitter terminal. A diode has its anode connected to the inner base (emitter of the first high voltage bipolar transistor, or base of the second high voltage bipolar transistor), and its cathode connected to the base terminal. Similarly, a three terminal hybrid MOSFET/bipolar high voltage switching device can be formed by replacing the first high voltage bipolar transistor of the previous switching device by a high voltage MOSFET.

Abstract: A direct drive LED lighting circuit includes a LED current control circuit with a power switching device; a current sensing device, an averaging circuit, and an error amplifier. A LED chain circuit is formed by connecting several LEDs in series with a capacitor connecting in parallel with the series of LEDs, with a current flowing in side as a positive terminal, and a current leaving terminal as a negative terminal. The LED chain circuit and the LED current control circuit are connecting in series and the whole circuit is connected between the positive and negative terminals of a rectified AC power source.

Abstract: A three terminal high voltage Darlington bipolar transistor power switching device includes two high voltage bipolar transistors, with collectors connected together serving as the collector terminal. The base of the first high voltage bipolar transistor serves as the base terminal. The emitter of the first high voltage bipolar transistor connects to the base of the second high voltage bipolar transistor (inner base), and the emitter of the second high voltage bipolar transistor serves as the emitter terminal. A diode has its anode connected to the inner base (emitter of the first high voltage bipolar transistor, or base of the second high voltage bipolar transistor), and its cathode connected to the base terminal. Similarly, a three terminal hybrid MOSFET/bipolar high voltage switching device can be formed by replacing the first high voltage bipolar transistor of the previous switching device by a high voltage MOSFET.

Abstract: A three terminal high voltage Darlington bipolar transistor power switching device includes two high voltage bipolar transistors, with collectors connected together serving as the collector terminal. The base of the first high voltage bipolar transistor serves as the base terminal. The emitter of the first high voltage bipolar transistor connects to the base of the second high voltage bipolar transistor (inner base), and the emitter of the second high voltage bipolar transistor serves as the emitter terminal. A diode has its anode connected to the inner base (emitter of the first high voltage bipolar transistor, or base of the second high voltage bipolar transistor), and its cathode connected to the base terminal. Similarly, a three terminal hybrid MOSFET/bipolar high voltage switching device can be formed by replacing the first high voltage bipolar transistor of the previous switching device by a high voltage MOSFET.

Abstract: A three terminal high voltage Darlington bipolar transistor power switching device includes two high voltage bipolar transistors, with collectors connected together serving as the collector terminal. The base of the first high voltage bipolar transistor serves as the base terminal. The emitter of the first high voltage bipolar transistor connects to the base of the second high voltage bipolar transistor (inner base), and the emitter of the second high voltage bipolar transistor serves as the emitter terminal. A diode has its anode connected to the inner base (emitter of the first high voltage bipolar transistor, or base of the second high voltage bipolar transistor), and its cathode connected to the base terminal. Similarly, a three terminal hybrid MOSFET/bipolar high voltage switching device can be formed by replacing the first high voltage bipolar transistor of the previous switching device by a high voltage MOSFET.

Abstract: A switching converter IC without a built-in power switching device includes a first terminal serving as a power supply positive connection, a second terminal serving as a power supply return connection, a third terminal serving as the switch-driving connection for controlling the switching duty of an external bipolar or MOSFET power switching device and also serving as a conduit for detection of current drawn by the power switching device to thereby provide overcurrent protection. Feedback information is derived from voltage between the first and the second terminals.

Abstract: A switching converter circuit includes bipolar devices in a Darlington configuration as a main switching element. Current drive is provided to the first base terminal to turn on the Darlington bipolar device. Base relaxation circuits to both the first and inner base terminals turn off the Darlington bipolar device.

Abstract: A switching converter IC without a built-in power switching device includes a first terminal serving as a power supply positive connection, a second terminal serving as a power supply return connection, a third terminal serving as the switch-driving connection for controlling the switching duty of an external bipolar or MOSFET power switching device and also serving as a conduit for detection of current drawn by the power switching device to thereby provide overcurrent protection. Feedback information is derived from voltage between the first and the second terminals.