Abstract: This application relates to a cutting insert and method for machining a workpiece. This application further relates to a method for the machining of a workpiece using such an indexable insert. In this case, the term “machining” means, among other things, the first-time machining and/or a re-profiling of a wheel or of a brake disc of a wheel set of a railway vehicle. An object of at least one possible embodiment of the present application is to create a cutting insert that is as economical as possible. An additional object of at least one possible embodiment of the present application is the most effective method possible and a lathe tool that is well-suited for the machining of a workpiece, such as for the copy turning and/or for the first-time machining and/or for the re-profiling of a wheel or of a brake disc of a wheel set of a railway vehicle, using a cutting insert described herein.

Abstract: A remote sensing optical system and method is disclosed that permits detection and discrimination of aerosols. The system outputs a plurality of wavelengths and is equipped with a polarization sensitive receiver capable of measuring the scattered energy in two orthogonal polarization states. By normalizing the depolarization to the total energy received and calculating the ratio of normalized depolarization at different wavelengths it is possible to use this ratio to discriminate materials having wavelength dependent depolarization properties. One use is the discrimination of bioaerosols such as anthrax from other airborne particular matter.

Abstract: A cutting insert and method for machining a workpiece. The abstract of the disclosure is submitted herewith as required by 37 C.F.R. §1.72(b). As stated in 37 C.F.R. §1.72(b): A brief abstract of the technical disclosure in the specification must commence on a separate sheet, preferably following the claims, under the heading “Abstract of the Disclosure.” The purpose of the abstract is to enable the Patent and Trademark Office and the public generally to determine quickly from a cursory inspection the nature and gist of the technical disclosure. The abstract shall not be used for interpreting the scope of the claims. Therefore, any statements made relating to the abstract are not intended to limit the claims in any manner and should not be interpreted as limiting the claims in any manner.

Abstract: A remote sensing optical system and method is disclosed that permits detection and discrimination of aerosols. The system outputs a plurality of wavelengths and is equipped with a polarization sensitive receiver capable of measuring the scattered energy in two orthogonal polarization states. By normalizing the depolarization to the total energy received and calculating the ratio of normalized depolarization at different wavelengths it is possible to use this ratio to discriminate materials having wavelength dependent depolarization properties. One use is the discrimination of bioaerosols such as anthrax from other airborne particular matter.

Abstract: An electronic system for automatically identifying objects employing microminiature electronic circuitry supported by each object and containing three operable subsystems, (a) a means for converting shortwave energy from a local energy field to electrical energy, (b) a means for generating coded electrical signals and (c) a means for shortwave transmitting such signals as codes to a local receiver. The system also includes a shortwave receiving means and an electronic computer operable to process and analyze the coded signals received by the receiver from the electronic circuitry energized when in the energy field. The computer generates control signals which are recorded and are utilized in tracking the objects.

Abstract: A scanning and monitoring system employing automatic image analysis of an image field, object or group of objects over a period of time together with the detection and analysis of one or more other variables, such as generated by sensors sensing changes in or degrees of magnetism, magnetic spin, self radiation, induced radiation, color, temperature, internal structure such as grain or crystalline structure, flow and/or other variables relating to selected objects in an image field under analysis and/or selected portions of such image field. Image information derived from the analysis of reflected light, X-ray, sonic, magnetic spin or nuclear magnetic resonance or other variable or a combination of such variables, is sensed, converted to signals such as analog video signals which are digitized and automatically computer analyzed with time wherein the time variable is recorded by means of codes and used in the automatic analysis.

Abstract: A hard copy printing system for forming copy containing information from two inputs. One input employs light patterns generated by scanning documents and employed to discharge a charged xerographic photosensitive platen in a patter defined by the printing on the documents scanned. A second input employs a laser to selectively scan and discharge the platen in accordance with information displayed by a video display, such as a cathode ray tube. Means for manipulating and changing the information displayed by the video display are provided to permit the printed matter to be varied in configuration and content.

Abstract: A navigation warning system and method for vessels includes one more earth satellites which electro-optically scan whole bodies of water whose signals are analyzed by a computer either on a satellite or at a ground location. The analyzing computer includes a memory which contains coordinates of hazardous ocean conditions. The computer automatically analyzes images generated by vessels travelling within the scanned area and detects when two vessels are on a collision course. Automatic visual and sound indication including a voice recording reproduction unit alerts vessel operators of impending collision conditions.

Abstract: A record card transducing apparatus and method employing a rotational support, such as a turntable for supporting a record card, to cause the card to be driven in a circular path when the turntable rotates, wherein one or more circular tracks of the card may be recorded on or reproduced from as the card is so rotated. In one form, the card is so positioned on the turntable, and its concentric circular tracks are configured to center at center of rotation of the turntable so that as the card is rotated, a magnetic recording and/or reproduction transducer may be moved across the turntable into alignment with a selected circular track and may scan such selected circular track as the turntable rotates. In a particular form, a magnetic record card or a card having a wide magnetic record strip, is manually or automatically placed in a cavity formed in the top wall of a circular turntable, disposing its magnetic recording surface or strip in the plane of or above the plane of the upper surface of the turntable.

Abstract: An electrical measuring instrument, such as a multi-meter, for measuring such electrical variables as current, voltage, resistance, impedence, frequency and other variables. The results of such measurement are both displayed and are provided as sounds of words of speech indicating measurements as they are made. A memory temporarily records the results of measurement and provides signals, on demand, for repeating the generation of synthetic speech indicating the results of a measurement. In one form, signals representative of a plurality of different measurements are recorded in the memory and each may be selectively reproduced for display and/or generating synthetic speech indicative of the particular measurement represented thereby. A keyboard forming part of the measuring instrument may be employed for the selective reproduction of signals from the memory as well as for coding the recorded signals so that they may be selectively reproduced from the memory.

Abstract: A television transmission and receiving system is provided wherein both high resolution and lower resolution television picture signals may be generated and respectively received by high and lower resolution television receivers to permit owners of both high and lower resolution receivers to receive television signals of the same event or program.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for transmitting video data over telephone lines. The apparatus is particularly applicable for transmitting and receiving images of persons speaking to each other. In one form, a portable self-contained unit is provided at each end of a conventional telephone circuit wherein the transducers of the mouthpiece and earpiece of each telephone are respectively acoustically coupled to respective acoustic output and input electrical-to-sound and sound-to-electrical transducers of each self-contained unit for two-way audio and video communication therebetween.

Abstract: A meter is provided for measuring time, such as a parking meter, which employs an electronic circuit to effect such time measurement and an electrically operated display such as light emitting diode or liquid crystal display for indicating the passage of time from a starting time determined, for example, by the insertion of a coin into a receptacle and/or by the pushing of a button or pivoting of an arm. In one form, one or more of the actions of inserting a coin into the meter receptacle, pushing a button to initiate its operation or pivoting an arm by finger operation is operable to energize an induction member for generating electrical energy which is stored in a battery or other power supply and is employed thereafter to operate electronic circuits for keeping and indicating time, such as passage of minutes from the starting time of the meter until the time has run out.

Abstract: An automatic device, such as a tourniquet, and a control system therefor for arresting the flow of blood to the end of a limb, such as an arm or leg or a person. In one form, electronic sensing means senses one or more physiological variables of a patient to whose limb or body a tourniquet has been applied and generates signals which are applied to the inputs of a computer or microelectronic processor, which electrically processes and analyzes such signals and generates control signals for controlling the operation of one or more motors operating pumps for pumping fluid to cuff or restriction means such as a tourniquet to arrest the flow of blood therepast.

Abstract: An automatic vehicle identification system for use in identifying and routing vehicles, such as railway cars or other vehicles which routinely travel a given track or path. A passive electronic device or electrical circuit is employed to intersect an energy field and respond thereto by generating a code in accordance with energy received and converted to coded electrical signals. Connected to the passive device is a short wave transmitter for transmitting signals generated by the electrical device when so energized. The electrical device may also comprise a plurality of different induction coils or antenna which serve to modify an energy field in a given manner, which modification may be detected by short wave sensing and converted to a coded electrical signal which is employed to identify the vehicle.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for transmitting video data over telephone lines. The apparatus is particularly applicable for transmitting and receiving images of persons speaking to each other. In one form, a portable self-contained unit is provided at each end of a conventional telephone circuit wherein the transducers of the mouthpiece and earpiece of each telephone are respectively acoustically coupled to respective acoustic output and input electrical-to-sound and sound-to-electrical transducers of each self-contained unit for two-way audio and video communication therebetween.

Abstract: A miniature electronic device, an example of which being an electronic watch, includes a printed circuit board which is mounted in a case and which has an aperture. A battery extends into the aperture forming a substantially coplanar assembly of exceptionally small thickness. The printed circuit board also features the use of circuit paths disposed on the peripheral edge to connect selected circuit paths which are disposed on upper and lower surface of the printed circuit board. An alternative embodiment of the printed circuit board features the use of a digit drives chip mounted directly on top of an integrated circuit watch clip with wire bonds leading from selected pads on the digit drives chip to selected pads on the integrated circuit watch chip and to selected circuit paths on the printed circuit board.

Abstract: A solid state touch switch is provided, in which, during use, a portion of the user's body, such as a finger, forms a portion of an electronic circuit to change the state of a solid state electronic device and thereby actuate the solid state touch switch. Alternative embodiments of the invention contemplate the use of various solid state electronic devices including metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFET'S) junction field effect transistors, silicon controlled rectifiers and NPN transistors. One application of the solid state touch switch is in a digital watch in which a user touches a contact pad located on the watch case and thereby turns the digital watch on for the display of time and date signals.