Abstract: A computer-implemented method for determining the refractive power of an intraocular lens includes providing a physical model for determining refractive power and training a machine learning system with clinical ophthalmological training data and associated desired results to form a learning model for determining the refractive power. A loss function for training includes: a first component taking into account clinical ophthalmological training data and associated and desired results and a second component taking into account limitations of the physical model wherein a loss function component value is greater the further a predicted value of the refractive power during the training is from results of the physical model with the same clinical ophthalmological training data as input values. Moreover, the method includes providing ophthalmological data of a patient and predicting the refractive power of the intraocular lens to be used by means of the trained machine learning system.

Abstract: A method for operating a microscopy system includes irradiating a region segment of a first region by a light source with light at a first wavelength ?1 and a first luminous intensity L1, determining a substance-specific parameter within the region segment as a response to being irradiated by the light source, and repeating the steps for all region segments within the first region. In addition, the disclosure relates to a microscopy system, and a calibration method for a microscopy system.

Abstract: Methods for arc welding unalloyed or low-alloy steels with consumable electrode under protective gas are suggested, in which the protective gas is a mixture comprising at least helium and an active gas as well as a further inert gas. In the general case, the proportion of the active gas in the total volume of the protective gas is to be in the range from more than 0.5% to approximately 1.5% and the proportion of helium in the total volume of the protective gas is to be more than 30%. In case an electrode having a lowered or medium Si content of approximately 0.2% to approximately 0.4% is used, the proportion of the active gas in the total volume of the protective gas is to be approximately 1% to approximately 5%. If an electrode with a low Si content of approximately 0.05% to approximately 0.1% is used, the proportion of the active gas in the total volume of the protective gas is to be approximately 3% to approximately 10%.

Abstract: Methods for arc welding unalloyed or low-alloy steels with consumable electrode under protective gas are suggested, in which the protective gas is a mixture comprising at least helium and an active gas as well as a further inert gas. In the general case, the proportion of the active gas in the total volume of the protective gas is to be in the range from more than 0.5% to approximately 1,5% and the proportion of helium in the total volume of the protective gas is to be more than 30%. In case an electrode having a lowered or medium Si content of approximately 0.2% to approximately 0.4% is used, the proportion of the active gas in the total volume of the protective gas is to be approximately 1% to approximately 5%. If an electrode with a low Si content of approximately 0.05% to approximately 0.1% is used, the proportion of the active gas in the total volume of the protective gas is to be approximately 3% to approximately 10%.

Abstract: A method for joining at least two objects by a joining means selected from resistance welding, resistance soldering and a magnetically impelled arc, in which the objects are brought into contact with one another in the area to be joined, such that the objects are joined to one another in a particularly stable and/or particularly homogenous fashion and oxidation of the area to be joined is reliably prevented. The respective base metal of the objects is fused at least in the contact area, and in that at least one inert gas and/or at least an inert gas mixture is supplied at least to the contact area of the objects such that the fusing of the respective base metal takes place under an inert gas atmosphere.

Abstract: According to the invention a welding device for welding workpieces is provided. The welding device comprises a welding means for making a welding seam on workpieces and a cleaning nozzle in order to emit a cryogenic medium onto the surfaces of the workpieces in the area of their welding seam to be formed. The distance between the welding means and the nozzles is at least 5 cm.

Abstract: To refine a method for electric arc joining, in particular for M[etal] P[rotective] G[as] welding and/or for M[etal] P[rotective] G[as] soldering, of at least one object made of metal and/or at least one metal alloy under protective gas using at least one meltable electrode, at least one mixture made of argon, helium, and at least one active gas being supplied as the protective gas, in such a manner that arbitrary electric arc joining technologies, in particular M[etal] P[rotective] G[as] welding and/or M[etal] P[rotective] G[as] soldering, may be performed in parallel and/or in sequence using the supplied protective gas, it is suggested that the protective gas have helium in a range from approximately 25 volume-percent (vol.-%) to approximately 30 vol.-%, carbon dioxide, oxygen, or a carbon dioxide-oxygen mixture in a range from approximately 0.5 vol.-% b to approximately 0.9 vol.-%, and argon in the remaining volume range.

Abstract: A method of arc-joining a workpiece with a consumable electrode and with the use of an inert gas shield and a short arc is disclosed. Material is dispensed by the melting electrode to the workpiece while an electronically controlled electrical short circuit is formed. An inert gas is used that consists of 50 to 5000 vpm (0.005 to 0.5 vol. %) of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen monoxide, nitrogen, dinitrogen monoxide, or of a mixture of these gases, in argon or in an argon/helium mixture.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for protective gas welding using at least two consumable electrodes to which at least two different potentials are applied is disclosed. A common weld pool is formed by one leading electrode and at least one trailing electrode. When two electrodes are used, this method is also referred to as tandem welding. A larger electrode diameter is used for the leading electrode in comparison with the trailing electrode. Furthermore, a protective gas mixture consisting of 3 to 40 volume % carbon dioxide and/or oxygen and argon and optionally helium is used.

Abstract: In a method for the preparation of surfaces of workpieces of composite fiber materials, which are to be subjected to a subsequent gluing or coating process, a wet chemical pretreatment of the surface in question is carried out with a solution, which contains a proportion of peroxodisulfate ions.

Abstract: Surfaces of structural components made of aluminum or aluminum alloys are chemically treated to produce an aluminum oxide coating for improved adhesive bonding to other components or to other surface layers. The oxidizing is accomplished by exposing the surface to be oxidized to a combination bath of an inorganic mineral acid and an oxidation medium for a specific time duration, so that an oxide coating is produced on the surface of the structural components, as a prerequisite for a good adhesion stability of adhesive bonds to be formed after oxidizing.

Abstract: The method proposes utilization of an alkali bath for surface treatment of titanium or titanium alloy parts, the bath being comprised of an alkali hydroxide, a titanium complex forming component, and an impurity ion-complex forming component. The bath can be alternatively applied by a simple dipping procedure or as a part of an anodizing process.