Abstract: A ducted combustion system is disclosed. The ducted combustion system includes a combustion chamber bound by a flame deck surface of a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine and by a piston top surface of a piston disposed within the internal combustion engine. The system includes a fuel injector including a plurality of orifices, the plurality of orifices injecting fuel into the combustion chamber as a plurality of fuel jets. The system includes a duct structure defining a plurality of ducts and disposed within the combustion chamber between the flame deck surface and the piston top surface, the plurality of ducts being disposed such that each of the plurality of fuel jets at least partially enters one of the plurality of ducts upon being injected into the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A ducted combustion system is disclosed. The ducted combustion system may include a combustion chamber and a fuel injector in fluid connection with the combustion chamber and including at least one orifice opening from an injector tip of the fuel injector, the at least one orifice injecting fuel into the combustion chamber as at least one fuel jet. The system may further include at least one duct disposed within the combustion chamber such that the at least one fuel jet, at least partially, enters the at least one duct upon being injected into the combustion chamber. The system may further include a duct cooling system configured to cool a mixture of fuel and air of the at least one fuel jet.

Abstract: A ducted combustion system is disclosed. The ducted combustion system includes a combustion chamber bound by a flame deck surface of a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine and by a piston top surface of a piston disposed within the internal combustion engine. The system includes a fuel injector including one or more orifices, the one or more orifices injecting fuel into the combustion chamber as one or more fuel jets. The system includes one or more ducts disposed within the combustion chamber between the flame deck surface and the piston top surface, the one or more ducts being generally tubular shaped structures and being disposed such that each of the one or more fuel jets at least partially enters one of the one or more ducts upon being injected into the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A ducted combustion system is disclosed. The ducted combustion system may include a combustion chamber and a fuel injector in fluid connection with the combustion chamber and including at least one orifice opening from an injector tip of the fuel injector, the at least one orifice injecting fuel into the combustion chamber as at least one fuel jet. The system may further include at least one duct disposed within the combustion chamber such that the at least one fuel jet, at least partially, enters the at least one duct upon being injected into the combustion chamber. The system may further include a duct cooling system configured to cool a mixture of fuel and air of the at least one fuel jet.

Abstract: A ducted combustion system is disclosed. The ducted combustion system includes a combustion chamber bound by a flame deck surface of a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine and by a piston top surface of a piston disposed within the internal combustion engine. The system includes a fuel injector including at least one orifice, the at least one orifice injecting fuel into the combustion chamber as at least one fuel jet. The system includes at least one duct disposed within the combustion chamber between the flame deck surface and the piston top surface. The system includes an air injector configured to receive air from an outside source, independent of the combustion chamber, and inject the air into the combustion chamber proximate to the at least one duct.

Abstract: A ducted combustion system is disclosed. The ducted combustion system includes a combustion chamber bound by a flame deck surface of a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine and by a piston top surface of a piston disposed within the internal combustion engine. The system includes a fuel injector including a plurality of orifices, the plurality of orifices injecting fuel into the combustion chamber as a plurality of fuel jets. The system includes a duct structure defining a plurality of ducts and disposed within the combustion chamber between the flame deck surface and the piston top surface, the plurality of ducts being disposed such that each of the plurality of fuel jets at least partially enters one of the plurality of ducts upon being injected into the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A ducted combustion system is disclosed. The ducted combustion system includes a combustion chamber bound by a flame deck surface of a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine and by a piston top surface of a piston disposed within the internal combustion engine. The system includes a fuel injector including one or more orifices, the one or more orifices injecting fuel into the combustion chamber as one or more fuel jets. The system includes one or more ducts disposed within the combustion chamber between the flame deck surface and the piston top surface, the one or more ducts being generally tubular shaped structures and being disposed such that each of the one or more fuel jets at least partially enters one of the one or more ducts upon being injected into the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A fuel injector includes a body and a needle that is disposed within an internal bore defined by the body. The needle includes a distal surface that intersects with a longitudinal axis of the needle. Moreover, the distal surface also faces the internal surface of the body. The needle further includes a sealing surface that is configured to seat on a sealing surface of the body. The internal surface of the body includes an axial bearing surface disposed between a distal end of the body and the sealing surface of the body. The needle includes an axial bearing surface at least partly facing the axial bearing surface of the internal bore. The axial bearing surface of the body cooperates with the axial bearing surface of the needle to guide movement of the needle relative to the body along an axial direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the needle.

Abstract: It may be necessary to eliminate soot from combustion engine emissions in order to comply with regulatory requirements. It may be desirable to avoid the need for a separate aftertreatment apparatus in order to eliminate soot from combustion engine emissions. A compression ignition engine may be configured to result in combustion having a peak value of equivalence ratio of less than 4.0 at the lift off length of the flame. This may result in particulate emissions of fewer than 1012 particles per kWh.

Abstract: A direct injection compression ignition internal combustion engine includes a fuel system having a nozzle extending into a cylinder of the engine and a plurality of spray orifices formed in the nozzle. Each of the spray orifices has an inner diameter dimension of about 0.09 mm or less, and define inter-orifice angles between adjacent spray orifice center axes of about 36° or greater such that spray plumes of injected fuel from each of the spray orifices combust within the cylinder according to a non-sooting lifted flame and gas entrainment combustion pattern. Related methodology is also disclosed.

Abstract: A four stroke internal combustion engine includes least one cylinder having a reciprocable piston, a first fuel injector disposed to inject a first fuel into said cylinder, and a second fuel injector disposed to inject a second fuel into said cylinder. At least one intake valve of said cylinder is configured to open and close with a variable timing in accordance with a Miller thermodynamic cycle. An exhaust gas recirculation system, provides exhaust gas to said cylinder through the intake valve. An electronic controller is disposed to receive at least one input signal indicative of the operating conditions of the internal combustion engine, and adjusts at least one of the intake valve timing and the amount of exhaust gas recirculation.

Abstract: A direct injection compression ignition internal combustion engine includes a fuel system having a nozzle extending into a cylinder of the engine and a plurality of spray orifices formed in the nozzle. Each of the spray orifices has an inner diameter dimension of about 0.09 mm or less, and define inter-orifice angles between adjacent spray orifice center axes of about 36° or greater such that spray plumes of injected fuel from each of the spray orifices combust within the cylinder according to a non-sooting lifted flame and gas entrainment combustion pattern. Related methodology is also disclosed.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system may include an EGR flowpath configured to route a portion of exhaust gases produced by an engine back to an air intake of the engine. The system may include an EGR valve configured to regulate the flow of exhaust gases through the EGR flowpath. In addition, the system may include a flow detection device configured to determine the flowrate of exhaust gases through the EGR flowpath. The system may further include a controller configured to control the EGR valve. In some embodiments, the controller may be configured to control the EGR valve using open-loop control when the flow detection device determines that the EGR flowrate is below a predetermined flowrate and using closed-loop control when the detection device determines that the EGR flowrate is at or above the predetermined flowrate.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation system is provided, including an exhaust gas recirculation flowpath configured to route a portion of exhaust gases produced by an engine back to an air intake of the engine. The system may also include an exhaust gas recirculation valve configured to regulate the flow of exhaust gases through the exhaust gas recirculation flowpath. In addition, the system may include a flow detection device configured to determine the flowrate of exhaust gases through the exhaust gas recirculation flowpath. The system may further include a controller configured to control the exhaust gas recirculation valve.

Abstract: A control system for estimating the performance of a compressor is disclosed. The control system has a compressor fluidly connected to an inlet manifold of a power source. The control system also has a power source speed sensor to provide an indication of a rotational speed of the power source, an inlet pressure sensor to provide an indication of a pressure of a fluid within the inlet manifold, an inlet temperature sensor to provide an indication of a temperature of the fluid within the inlet manifold, an atmospheric pressure sensor to provide an indication of an atmospheric pressure, and a control module in communication with each of the sensors. The control module is configured to monitor an engine valve opening duration and an exhaust gas recirculation valve position, and estimate a compressor inlet pressure based on the provided indications, the monitored duration, and the monitored position.

Abstract: A turbocharger for an engine is provided. The turbocharger has a turbine and a housing enclosing the turbine. The housing has a first annular passageway and a second annular passageway. Both of the first and second annular passageways extend to the turbine. The turbocharger also has a valve mechanism disposed within an inlet of the housing. The valve mechanism has a valve element pivotally attached to a portion of the housing. The valve element is movable between a first position at which exhaust flow through the first annular passageway is blocked and a second position at which exhaust flows through both of the first and second annular passageways. A controller controls positioning of the valve element based on a sensed operational parameter of the engine and also controls functions of the engine.

Abstract: A method for controlling exhaust emissions is disclosed. The method includes producing exhaust having hydrocarbons and directing the exhaust through a converter. The method also includes directing the exhaust from the converter to an environment and determining a first rate indicative of a rate of hydrocarbons directed to the environment. The method further includes comparing the first rate with a predetermined rate and adjusting the production of exhaust, if the first rate is greater than the predetermined rate.

Abstract: A turbocharger for a power system is provided. The turbocharger has a turbine and a housing enclosing the turbine. The housing has a first annular passageway and a second annular passageway. Both of the first and second annular passageways extend from an inlet of the housing to the turbine. The turbocharger also has a valve mechanism disposed within the inlet of the housing. The valve mechanism has a valve element pivotally attached to an outer portion of the housing. The valve element is movable between a first position at which exhaust flow through the first annular passageway is blocked and a second position at which exhaust flows through both of the first and second annular passageways.