Abstract: The invention provides a lubricating composition containing an oil of lubricating viscosity and a sulfurized aromatic amine compound, especially sulfur coupled aniline. The invention further relates to methods of lubricating an internal combustion engine by supplying the described lubricating composition to the internal combustion engine. The invention further relates to the use of the sulfurized aromatic amine compound as a TBN booster and an antioxidant.

Abstract: A bridged alkaline earth metal alkylphenate having reduced monomeric alkylphenol is prepared by reacting (a) a 4-alkylphenol, unsubstituted at the ortho positions, (b) an alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide, (c) a bridging agent comprising sulfur or a carbonyl compound of 1 to about 6, or to 4 or to 2, carbon atoms, and (d) a 2,6-dialkylphenol. The amount of the 2,6-dialkylphenol is 0.05 to 3 moles per 1 mole of the 4-alkylphenol; if there is a molar excess of the 2,6-dialkylphenol, then the excess is added after initial reaction.

Abstract: A sulfurized alkaline earth metal (e.g., calcium) dodecylphenate is prepared by reacting (i) dodecylphenol with (ii) calcium hydroxide or calcium oxide in an amount of about 0.3 to about 0.7 moles per mole of dodecylphenol charged and (iii) an alkylene glycol in an amount of about 0.13 to about 0.6 moles per mole of dodecylphenol charged; and reacting the product of the first step with sulfur in an amount of about 1.6 to about 3 moles per mole of dodecylphenol charged; and thereafter optionally reacting the product with additional calcium hydroxide or calcium oxide and with carbon dioxide so as to form an overbased phenate. The product thus prepared has reduced levels of monomeric dodecylphenol.

Abstract: The invention provides a lubricating composition containing an oil of lubricating viscosity and a sulfurized aromatic amine compound, especially sulfur coupled aniline. The invention further relates to methods of lubricating an internal combustion engine by supplying the described lubricating composition to the internal combustion engine. The invention further relates to the use of the sulfurized aromatic amine compound as a TBN booster and an antioxidant.

Abstract: A sulfurized alkaline earth metal (e.g., calcium) dodecylphenate is prepared by reacting (i) dodecylphenol with (ii) calcium hydroxide or calcium oxide in an amount of about 0.3 to about 0.7 moles per mole of dodecylphenol charged and (iii) an alkylene glycol in an amount of about 0.13 to about 0.6 moles per mole of dodecylphenol charged; and reacting the product of the first step with sulfur in an amount of about 1.6 to about 3 moles per mole of dodecylphenol charged; and thereafter optionally reacting the product with additional calcium hydroxide or calcium oxide and with carbon dioxide so as to form an overbased phenate. The product thus prepared has reduced levels of monomeric dodecylphenol.

Abstract: A bridged alkaline earth metal alkylphenate having reduced monomeric alkylphenol is prepared by reacting (a) a 4-alkylphenol, unsubstituted at the ortho positions, (b) an alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide, (c) a bridging agent comprising sulfur or a carbonyl compound of 1 to about 6, or to 4 or to 2, carbon atoms, and (d) a 2,6-dialkylphenol. The amount of the 2,6-dialkylphenol is 0.05 to 3 moles per 1 mole of the 4-alkylphenol; if there is a molar excess of the 2,6-dialkylphenol, then the excess is added after initial reaction.