Abstract: A semiconductor device and method of manufacture are provided. In some embodiments isolation regions are formed by modifying a dielectric material of a dielectric layer such that a first portion of the dielectric layer is more readily removed by an etching process than a second portion of the dielectric layer. The modifying of the dielectric material facilitates subsequent processing steps that allow for the tuning of a profile of the isolation regions to a desired geometry based on the different material properties of the modified dielectric material.

Abstract: A magnetic heat exchange unit includes a magnetocaloric material, and at least one fluid pathway. The fluid pathway is formed in the magnetocaloric material and has a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet. A main fluid flowing direction is defined between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet, and the cross-section of the fluid pathway varies along the main fluid flowing direction.

Abstract: A thermal magnetic engine and a thermal magnetic engine system are disclosed. The thermal magnetic engine includes a fixed element, a rotation element, working fluid and a fin structure. The rotation element includes a working material. The rotation element rotates relative to the fixed element. The working fluid flows through the rotation element and forms a temperature difference on the working material. The fin structure is disposed on the rotation element. The rotation element rotates along a rotating direction due to the temperature difference on the working material and/or due to the flowing of the first working fluid through the fin structure.

Abstract: A thermo-magnetic power generation system includes a thermo-magnetic power generation device, a first circulating device, and a second circulating device. The first circulating device and the second circulating device are connected to the thermo-magnetic power generation device. The liquid is heated by the first circulating device and cooled by the second circulating device. The heated liquid and the cooled liquid transmitted to the thermo-magnetic element are recycled by the first circulating device and the second circulating device.

Abstract: A thermomagnetic power generator is provided. The thermomagnetic power generator includes: at least one set of magnetic poles; at least a trough, filled with a fluid; and a plurality of chain links, linked into a closed chain, wherein each of the chain links is made of the magnetic material and a first part of the closed chain is inside the trough and immersed by the fluid while a second part of the closed chain is outside the trough and exposed to an environment. The fluid and the environment are at different temperatures, wherein the set of magnetic poles causes different forces on the first and the second part of the closed chain due to the thermomagnetic effect so as to generate a torque upon the closed chain to drive the closed chain.

Abstract: A thermomagnetic generator is provided, including a switch valve, a plurality of magnetic circuit units, a coil, and a plurality of inlet pipes connecting the magnetic circuit units to the switch valve. Each of the magnetic circuit units includes a magneto-caloric member. The switch valve repeatedly and alternatively switches at a predetermined frequency to guide hot and cold fluids to the magnetic circuit units, such that the magneto-caloric members are magnetized and demagnetized, respectively, by the cold and hot fluids. The coil is coupled to at least one of the magnetic circuit units for obtaining an induced voltage.

Abstract: A power generation device is disclosed, which includes a plurality of thermomagnetic generator and a flow controller. The thermomagnetic generators can acquire first fluids respectively. The flow controller can control flow rates of the second fluids flowing into the thermomagnetic generators respectively, wherein a fluid temperature of the first fluid is different from a fluid temperature of the second fluid.

Abstract: A magnetic cooling device is provided, including a magnetocaloric module and a magnetic unit movably disposed around the magnetocaloric module. The magnetocaloric module comprises a bed, a first magnetocaloric member, a second magnetocaloric member, and a third magnetocaloric member received in the bed, wherein the first and third magnetocaloric members are respectively close to a cold end and a hot end of the magnetocaloric module. Specifically, the first, second, and third magnetocaloric members are arranged along a central axis of the magnetocaloric module, and the weight of the third magnetocaloric member exceeds that of the first and second magnetocaloric members. A thermal fluid sequentially flows through the first, second, and third magnetocaloric members to transfer heat from the cold end to the hot end of the magnetocaloric module.

Abstract: A thermal magnetic engine and a thermal magnetic engine system are disclosed. The thermal magnetic engine includes a fixed element, a rotation element, working fluid and a fin structure. The rotation element includes a working material. The rotation element rotates relative to the fixed element. The working fluid flows through the rotation element and forms a temperature difference on the working material. The fin structure is disposed on the rotation element. The rotation element rotates along a rotating direction due to the temperature difference on the working material and/or due to the flowing of the first working fluid through the fin structure.

Abstract: A thermo-magnetic power generation system includes a thermo-magnetic power generation device, a first circulating device, and a second circulating device. The first circulating device and the second circulating device are connected to the thermo-magnetic power generation device. The liquid is heated by the first circulating device and cooled by the second circulating device. The heated liquid and the cooled liquid transmitted to the thermo-magnetic element are recycled by the first circulating device and the second circulating device.

Abstract: A magnetic thermal device is provided. The magnetic thermal device includes a shaft, having an axis direction; a rotator, supported by the shaft, having a working material and a utility material; a magnetic assembly, adjacent to the rotator, for generating a magnetic flux passing through the rotator in a flux direction, wherein the flux direction is substantially perpendicular to the axis direction.

Abstract: A magnetocaloric structure includes a magnetocaloric material and at least one protective layer. The magnetocaloric material has bar type or plank type. The protective layer is disposed on the magnetocaloric material.

Abstract: A cooling system is provided. The cooling system includes a heat transfer means, a cool transfer means, and a magnetic-cooler. The magnetic-cooler includes a first magnetic member, a second magnetic member, a bed and a magnetic valve unit. The bed includes a working material, wherein the bed rotates between a first position and a second position, and when the bed is in the first position, the working material is magnetized, and when the bed is in the second position, the working material is demagnetized. Also, when the bed is in the first position, the magnetic valve unit controls a first fluid to travel between the heat transfer means and the working material, and when the bed is in the second position, the magnetic valve unit controls a second fluid travel between the cool transfer means and the working material.

Abstract: A thermomagnetic generator is provided, including a switch valve, a plurality of magnetic circuit units, a coil, and a plurality of inlet pipes connecting the magnetic circuit units to the switch valve. Each of the magnetic circuit units includes a magneto-caloric member. The switch valve repeatedly and alternatively switches at a predetermined frequency to guide hot and cold fluids to the magnetic circuit units, such that the magneto-caloric members are magnetized and demagnetized, respectively, by the cold and hot fluids. The coil is coupled to at least one of the magnetic circuit units for obtaining an induced voltage.

Abstract: A magnetic heat exchange unit includes a magnetocaloric material, and at least one fluid pathway. The fluid pathway is formed in the magnetocaloric material and has a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet. A main fluid flowing direction is defined between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet, and the cross-section of the fluid pathway varies along the main fluid flowing direction.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for manufacturing a magneto caloric device. Magneto caloric powders are mixed with thermally conductive powders to form a composite material. An adhesive containing an acrylic resin is poured on the composite material and diffused among the composite material. The adhesive is cured within the composite material at a room temperature.

Abstract: A magnetocaloric material structure is disclosed. The magnetocaloric material structure includes a magnetocaloric material body and a plurality of channels. The channels are located in the magnetocaloric material body. The cross-section of the channels has a center disposed according to the following formula: L32?L12+L22. Wherein, L1 is the minimum value of the length of the lines between the adjacent centers parallel or perpendicular to a direction; L2 is the maximum value of the length of the lines between the adjacent centers parallel or perpendicular to the direction; L3 is the minimum value of the length of the lines between the adjacent centers not parallel or perpendicular to the direction. Another magnetocaloric material structure, which includes a magnetocaloric material body and a plurality of channels, is disclosed. The cross-section of each channel is in a non-circular and non-rectangular shape, which is a symmetric or asymmetric shape.

Abstract: A power generation device is disclosed, which includes a plurality of thermomagnetic generator and a flow controller. The thermomagnetic generators can acquire first fluids respectively. The flow controller can control flow rates of the second fluids flowing into the thermomagnetic generators respectively, wherein a fluid temperature of the first fluid is different from a fluid temperature of the second fluid.

Abstract: A magnetic component compiling structure and a magnetic refrigerator adapts the magnetic component compiling structure thereof. The magnetic component compiling structure has more refrigerating beds and less permanent magnet per volume. Hence, the magnetic refrigerator saves more costs during manufacturing, and achieves higher cooling efficiency.

Abstract: A magnetocaloric structure includes a magnetocaloric material and at least one protective layer. The magnetocaloric material has bar type or plank type. The protective layer is disposed on the magnetocaloric material.