Abstract: In a method for water treatment by chlorine disinfection, a chlorine stabilizer is dosed into water to be treated as far as a predetermined chlorine stabilizer concentration in said water is achieved. As soon as the predetermined chlorine stabilizer concentration is achieved said achieved chlorine stabilizer concentration is maintained in said water constant. A chlorine disinfectant concentration is adjusted in said water to be treated to a predetermined chlorine disinfectant concentration in said water by dosing a non-stabilized chlorine disinfectant (free chlorine) into said water to be treated. Therefore advantages of free chlorine and stabilized chlorine disinfection and facilitating to reduce DBPs at low chlorine stabilizer concentrations in water can be combined, without compromising disinfection safety.

Abstract: An apparatus, a control unit and a method are provided for detecting a concentration of chlorate-ions in an aqueous solution containing different types of chlorine oxidants. By applying energy to a defined volume of the aqueous solution to trigger a transformation of substantially all chlorine oxidants and/or chlorine therein to chloride and/or chlorate, and detecting the concentration of chlorate-ions contained in the defined volume, a solution can be provided that enables a simple and cheap measurement for a concentration of chlorate ions in an aqueous solution and that is capable for online measurement of such chlorate concentrations.

Abstract: The invention relates to a water treatment using an UV AOP. The invention combines an UV AOP (11) applied to a water containing a free chlorine species (8) with a chemical post treatment (14), a quenching. The quenching (14) is applied to said water (9) after the UV AOP (11) able to reduce a remaining content of said free chlorine species in said water (9).

Abstract: Waste water from an industrial process, including an organic acid, is reprocessed by introducing the waste water into a heat exchange process in which a heat exchange medium is used so that the waste water which is to be treated is heated to a temperature between 60° C. and the boiling point of the waste water. Subsequently, the waste water is partially evaporated and re-condensed, with the waste water irradiated with UV radiation during the evaporation and condensation process in the liquid and/or gas phase. As a result, a chemical transformation of the organic acid in H2O and carbon dioxide is at least partially carried out. Then, the condensed part of the purified waste water is fed back into the industrial process.

Abstract: A method for a water treatment may include adding a chlorine species to water to be treated to dissolve the chlorine species in said water to be treated, measuring a demand of said chlorine species dissolved in said water to be treated while said chlorine species partly reacts with organic water constituents within said water to be treated, and applying an advanced oxidation process (AOP) (e.g., traditional chemical AOPs, chlorine species AOPs, UV AOPs, or UV/chlorine species AOPs) to said water to be treated while controlling said AOP based on said measured demand of said chlorine species dissolved in said water to be treated.

Abstract: An apparatus, a control unit and a method are provided for detecting a concentration of chlorate-ions in an aqueous solution containing different types of chlorine oxidants. By applying energy to a defined volume of the aqueous solution to trigger a transformation of substantially all chlorine oxidants and/or chlorine therein to chloride and/or chlorate, and detecting the concentration of chlorate-ions contained in the defined volume, a solution can be provided that enables a simple and cheap measurement for a concentration of chlorate ions in an aqueous solution and that is capable for online measurement of such chlorate concentrations.

Abstract: The invention relates to a water treatment using an UV AOP. The invention combines an UV AOP (11) applied to a water containing a free chlorine species (8) with a chemical post treatment (14), a quenching. The quenching (14) is applied to said water (9) after the UV AOP (11) able to reduce a remaining content of said free chlorine species in said water (9).

Abstract: In a method and a system for reducing at least an amount of disinfection by-products in water, the system has a dosing pump (15) for adding a photocatalyst (36) into a stream (17) of the water to obtain a mixed stream (17?), and a photo reactor (20) adapted to receive the mixed stream (17?) and to irradiate the mixed stream (17?) with photons, the photocatalyst (36) in the mixed stream (17?) producing free radicals on being irradiated with the photons, wherein the dosing pump (15) is controllable responsive to an amount of absorption of the photons by the mixed stream (17?).