Abstract: A cathodic protection unit (12) utilizes a signal generated by a conducting wire (14) inserted into a clamp body (16) after the clamp (16) is attached to a pipe (P). The wire (14) wraps a complete number of turns around the clamp structure. When the clamp is attached to the exterior of the pipe (P), the conducting wire (14) makes contact with the pipe (P) via a slight clamping pressure. Analyzing two signals generated by separate conducting wires (14) are used for cathodic protection.

Abstract: An acoustic material system (12) has a matrix of material (14) supporting a plurality of evenly spaced and non-evenly spaced wave scatterer elements (16 and 18) of different density. The matrix (14) may consist of poro-elastic materials. The wave scattering elements (16 and 18) may consist of masses of different shapes and sizes. Microporous sheets may be utilized in layers between matrices (14). The holes (32) formed in the sheets (28) may be of different sizes, shapes, and may have three-dimensional profile, such as a conical shape (50).

Abstract: A sensor system comprises flexible piezoelectric polyvinylidene fluoride wire/strip and/or a short/extended strain gauge wire/printed strain gauge transducers to measure both static and dynamic pressure, conditioning electronics, installation/adherence tool, calibration tool, electronic devices for measuring pressure outputs, and wireless transmission of sensor signal through a data acquisition system to a smart device. A software application for reading the output of the strain gauges remotely is included. Individual system components include distributed strain sensors, custom printed strain gauges, strain gauge wires, calibration rig, slotted ring clamp, strain measuring devices, and software application for visualization of pressure readings.