Abstract: One or more embodiments relate to an aerosol generating article including: a first portion including an aerosol generating element; a second portion including a cooling element; a third portion including a tobacco element; and a fourth portion including a filter element, wherein the first through fourth portions are sequentially arranged in a longitudinal direction of the aerosol generating article.

Abstract: Provided is an aerosol generating apparatus including: a susceptor configured to heat an aerosol generating article inserted into an accommodation space of the aerosol generating apparatus; an induction coil arranged around the susceptor and configured to heat the susceptor by induction heating; a switching module configured to switch an electrical path of the induction coil; and a controller electrically connected to the switching module and configured to detect insertion of the aerosol generating article on the basis of a change in an inductance of the induction coil by setting a control mode for the induction coil to a reception mode, and when the insertion of the aerosol generating article is detected, switch the control mode to a transmission mode for activating the induction heating, via the switching module.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for mutual authentication of quantum entities based on Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution (MDI-QKD). The method may include configuring a quantum input form based on an authentication key shared in advance with a counterpart entity, applying polarization modulation to the configured quantum input form, transmitting the quantum input form to which polarization modulation is applied to a quantum measurement device, and authenticating the counterpart entity by checking whether the counterpart entity configures a quantum input form according to the shared authentication key using a measurement result and information about polarization modulation.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a separator for a lithium secondary battery comprising a porous substrate, and a porous coating layer disposed on at least one surface of the porous substrate and comprising inorganic particles and binder polymer, wherein the binder polymer is terpolymer including 65 to 90 weight % of a repeat unit derived from vinylidenefluoride (VDF), 1 to 28 weight % of a repeat unit derived from hexafluoropropylene (HFP) and 5 to 28 weight % of a repeat unit derived from chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE), and the separator has adhesiveness towards electrode ranging from 30 gf/25 mm to 150 gf/25 mm and machine direction (MD) thermal shrinkage of 1 to 18% and transverse direction (TD) thermal shrinkage of 1 to 17%, and a lithium secondary battery comprising the same, wherein the separator has uniform micropores on the surface, and thus has the increased adhesive surface area with electrode and consequential improved adhesiveness towards electrode.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a coding test device and a coding test method. The coding test device according to one embodiment includes a problem provider for providing a test problem including an initial condition to a user terminal, a code receiver for receiving first algorithm code corresponding to the initial condition from the user terminal, and an additional condition provider for determining whether a predetermined passing condition for the first algorithm code is satisfied and providing an additional condition related to the initial condition to the user terminal based on the result of determination for the first algorithm code.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a separator for a lithium secondary battery comprising a porous substrate, and a porous coating layer disposed on at least one surface of the porous substrate and comprising inorganic particles and binder polymer, wherein the binder polymer is terpolymer including 65 to 90 weight % of a repeat unit derived from vinylidenefluoride (VDF), 1 to 28 weight % of a repeat unit derived from hexafluoropropylene (HFP) and 5 to 28 weight % of a repeat unit derived from chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE), and the separator has adhesiveness towards electrode ranging from 30 gf/25 mm to 150 gf/25 mm and machine direction (MD) thermal shrinkage of 1 to 18% and transverse direction (TD) thermal shrinkage of 1 to 17%, and a lithium secondary battery comprising the same, wherein the separator has uniform micropores on the surface, and thus has the increased adhesive surface area with electrode and consequential improved adhesiveness towards electrode.

Abstract: A separator that includes a porous polymer substrate, a first porous coating layer and a second porous coating layer. First inorganic particles contained in the first porous coating layer have a lower hardness as compared to the second inorganic particles contained in the second porous coating layer. Since the separator is provided with at least two porous coating layers including inorganic particles having a different hardnesses, it is possible to increase the dielectric breakdown voltage, and thus to provide a battery with improved safety. It is also possible to reduce deformation of the separator caused by heat or pressure.

Abstract: A coating composition including a solvent, inorganic particles, a dispersant, and a binder, wherein the binder includes a binder B and a binder A, both the binder B and the binder A include a VDF unit and a HFP unit, binder B includes 8 to 50 wt % of the HFP-derived unit, and binder A includes 5 wt % or more of the HFP-derived unit under a condition that a proportion of the HFP-derived unit in the binder A is 80% or less of a proportion of the HFP-derived unit in the binder B, the binder B has a total number average molecular weight of 200,000 to 2,000,000 Da, and the binder A has a total number average molecular weight corresponding to 70% or less of that of the binder B, and a weight ratio of the binder A:the binder B in the coating composition is 0.1 to 10:1. The coating composition is suitable for use in coating at least one surface of a porous substrate having a plurality of pores.

Abstract: A separator for a lithium secondary battery and a method for manufacturing the same. Particularly, the separator is obtained through immersed phase separation, the content of inorganic particles is controlled to a predetermined level, and a fluorine-based binder polymer is used in combination with a polyvinyl acetate polymer, and thus shows improved heat shrinkage and enhanced adhesion to an electrode.

Abstract: A separator for an electrochemical device including a porous polymer substrate; and a porous coating layer formed on at least one surface of the porous polymer substrate, wherein the porous coating layer comprises inorganic particles and a binder polymer positioned on at least a part of a surface of individual inorganic particles to connect and fix the inorganic particles with one another. The binder polymer comprises a first block having repeating units and a second block having repeating units. A method for manufacturing the same is also provided. The separator shows low resistance, improved adhesion to an electrode and improved swelling property with a solvent.

Abstract: Disclosed is a separator which includes a porous polymer substrate including a polymer showing a variation in phase angle represented by the following Formula 1 at 0.1 Hz depending on an increase in temperature. An electrochemical device including the separator is also disclosed. Variation in phase angle at 0.1 Hz=[(Phase angle190?Phase angle280)/(Phase angle190)]×100?0%,??[Formula 1] wherein Phase angle190 means the phase angle of the porous polymer substrate at 0.1 Hz and 190° C., and Phase angle280 means the phase angle of the porous polymer substrate at 0.1 Hz and 280° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a safety-improved battery cell including a thermal expansion tape and a method of manufacturing the same, wherein a battery pack including multiple battery cells is configured such that heat generated during a charging/discharging process and internal gas generated thereby are discharged to outside of a battery cell by employing a thermal expansion tape. Thus, the present invention can improve safety of a pouch-type secondary battery pack by discharging gas generated in a pouch-type secondary battery. In addition, the present invention utilizes pressure of gas generated in the secondary battery and thus can be operable without provision of a separate device and an external power source. Moreover, the present invention can perform repetitive gas discharge due to a configuration of a fixing unit having thermal expansion properties.

Abstract: A separator for an electrochemical device, including a porous polymer substrate and an inorganic coating layer formed on at least one surface of the porous polymer substrate. The inorganic coating layer includes inorganic particles and a binder resin. The binder resin includes a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF)-based polymer having a main chain, and at least one hydrogen atom in the main chain of the PVdF-based polymer is substituted with an acrylic compound-derived functional group.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a separator for a lithium secondary battery comprising a porous substrate, and a porous coating layer disposed on at least one surface of the porous substrate and comprising inorganic particles and binder polymer, wherein the binder polymer is terpolymer including 65 to 90 weight % of a repeat unit derived from vinylidenefluoride (VDF), 1 to 28 weight % of a repeat unit derived from hexafluoropropylene (HFP) and 5 to 28 weight % of a repeat unit derived from chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE), and the separator has adhesiveness towards electrode ranging from 30 gf/25 mm to 150 gf/25 mm and machine direction (MD) thermal shrinkage of 1 to 18% and transverse direction (TD) thermal shrinkage of 1 to 17%, and a lithium secondary battery comprising the same, wherein the separator has uniform micropores on the surface, and thus has the increased adhesive surface area with electrode and consequential improved adhesiveness towards electrode.

Abstract: A method for evaluating the stability of a separator, including the steps of: preparing a separator; determining the elongation properties of the separator by using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA); comparing the determined value with the stability standards of the elongation properties; and classifying a separator as a stability-passing separator when the determined values satisfy the stability standards, and classifying a separator as a stability-failing separator when the determined values do not satisfy the stability standards, after the comparison.

Abstract: A separator for an electrochemical device including a porous polymer substrate; and a porous coating layer formed on at least one surface of the porous polymer substrate, wherein the porous coating layer comprises inorganic particles and a binder polymer positioned on at least a part of a surface of individual inorganic particles to connect and fix the inorganic particles with one another. The binder polymer comprises a first block having repeating units and a second block having repeating units. A method for manufacturing the same is also provided. The separator shows low resistance, improved adhesion to an electrode and improved swelling property with a solvent.

Abstract: A separator that includes a porous polymer substrate, a first porous coating layer and a second porous coating layer. First inorganic particles contained in the first porous coating layer have a lower hardness as compared to the second inorganic particles contained in the second porous coating layer. Since the separator is provided with at least two porous coating layers including inorganic particles having a different hardnesses, it is possible to increase the dielectric breakdown voltage, and thus to provide a battery with improved safety. It is also possible to reduce deformation of the separator caused by heat or pressure.

Abstract: Disclosed is a separator which includes a porous polymer substrate including a polymer showing a variation in phase angle represented by the following Formula 1 at 0.1 Hz depending on an increase in temperature. An electrochemical device including the separator is also disclosed. Variation in phase angle at 0.1 Hz=[(Phase angle190?Phase angle280)/(Phase angle190)]×100?0%,??[Formula 1] wherein Phase angle190 means the phase angle of the porous polymer substrate at 0.1 Hz and 190° C., and Phase angle280 means the phase angle of the porous polymer substrate at 0.1 Hz and 280° C.

Abstract: Provided are a separator for a lithium secondary battery and a manufacturing method therefor. In order to improve processability and cell stability by increasing the bonding force between a separator and a coating layer, the separator comprises: a porous polymer substrate having a plurality of pores; a porous coating layer formed on at least one surface of the porous polymer substrate; and an emulsion binder layer formed between the porous polymer substrate and the porous coating layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a safety-improved battery cell including a thermal expansion tape and a method of manufacturing the same, wherein a battery pack including multiple battery cells is configured such that heat generated during a charging/discharging process and internal gas generated thereby are discharged to outside of a battery cell by employing a thermal expansion tape. Thus, the present invention can improve safety of a pouch-type secondary battery pack by discharging gas generated in a pouch-type secondary battery. In addition, the present invention utilizes pressure of gas generated in the secondary battery and thus can be operable without provision of a separate device and an external power source. Moreover, the present invention can perform repetitive gas discharge due to a configuration of a fixing unit having thermal expansion properties.