Abstract: An H-bridge circuit capable of performing switching using one or more intermediate voltage phases each held for a period of time in the midst of the switching operation. This reduces power dissipation associated with the switching operation, while only using one set of high/low voltage supplies. The H-bridge may be used to provide current via an inductor to a load. A class AB amplifier may be placed in parallel with the H-bridge to provide supplemental correcting current to the load to allow the combination to act as an efficient and accurate signal driver. Furthermore, the use of intermediate voltages in the H bridge allows for increased slew rates for any given operation frequency, and allows for the driving of a given signal on the load using a lower operational frequency.

Abstract: Echo cancelling in a communication line system, particularly an ISDN or XDSL system, is performed with a tunable hybrid having tunable passive elements. The tunable hybrid is integrated in the analog front-end portion of the communication line system. The values of the tunable passive elements are digitally controlled by a microprocessor.

Abstract: To reduce the DC-offset in bursts (B1, B2) of a digital signal (S1), some samples of one of the digital bursts (B1) which have no predetermined value are averaged by an averager (AV) resulting in a correction value (CV). Meanwhile the samples of this digital burst (B1) are temporarily stored in a memory (MEM1). The DC-offset correction value (CV) calculated by the averager (AV) is then substracted from the samples of the digital bursts (B1, B2). In this way, the dynamic range of the samples is reduced significantly.

Abstract: To reduce the DC-offset in bursts (B1, B2) of a digital signal (S1), some samples of one of the digital bursts (B1) which have no predetermined value are averaged by an averager (AV) resulting in a correction value (CV). Meanwhile the samples of this digital burst (B1) are temporarily stored in a memory (MEM1). The DC-offset correction value (CV) calculated by the averager (AV) is then subtracted from the samples of the digital bursts (B1, B2). In this way, he dynamic range of the samples is reduced significantly.

Abstract: Echo cancelling in a communication line system, particularly an ISDN or XDSL system, is performed by means of a tunable hybrid (5) which comprises tunable passive elements and is integrated in the analog part of the front end (3), whereby the values of the tunable passive elements are controlled by digital control means (4), for example a microprocessor.

Abstract: A layered capacitor device with high capacitance per unit area is realized by alternating in the vertical direction first layers (FL1, FL2, FL3, FL4, FL5) and second layers (SL1, SL2, SL3, SL4). A first layer (FL2) consists of horizontally alternating electrically conducting tracks (T2,2; T2,3) and electrically insulating tracks, whereas a second layer includes of electrically insulating material, e.g. an oxide. In this way top-bottom capacitors (CTB) and side-wall capacitors (CSW) are constituted that are parallel coupled to form the layered capacitor device. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, this parallel coupling is realized by conductively interconnecting diagonally neighboring electrically conducting tracks (T1,2; T2,3).

Abstract: The sensing circuit is used in an Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) transmission system to detect a wave signal with a predetermined shape in an input signal (IN1/IN2) transmitted over the system and applied to an input terminal (IN1/IN2) of the sensing circuit. It includes two branches with a correlated double sampling circuit (CDS1/CDS2), a counter circuit (C1/C2) and a comparator circuit (CMP1/CMP2) coupled in series. An input (IN1/IN2) of the correlated double sampling circuit of each branch is coupled to the input of the sensing circuit and an output of the comparator circuits is coupled to an output terminal (OUT) of the sensing circuit via an OR-ing circuit. The correlated double sampling circuits are adapted to provide a sampled signal and the counter circuits count the number of pulses of the sampled signals.

Abstract: A differential mixer (DM) used in a telecommunication radio transmitter able to operate with a 3 Volt supply includes a silicon bipolar cross-connected pair of differential amplifiers (A; B) for receiving a first input voltage (LO) at a high frequency, a pair of current sources (I1; I2), and a voltage-to-current MOS converter (VIC) for receiving a second input voltage (VIN) at a lower frequency. The converter is adapted to convert the low frequency voltage to a differential current (INN) and is coupled to the junction points of the amplifiers and the current sources. The converter further includes a regulated differential cascode circuit (P1; P2) to which the low frequency input voltage (VIN) is applied via resistors (RI1; RI2) and which is coupled to the supply terminals (VCC; GND) of the mixer via two pairs of constant current sources (PB1, PB2; NB1, NB2) respectively.