Abstract: Multiview backlighting having a color-tailored emission pattern provides directional light beams corresponding to a plurality of different views of a multiview image. A multiview backlight includes a light guide configured to guide light as guided light and a color-tailored multibeam element. The color-tailored multibeam element is configured to provide emitted light having the color-tailored emission pattern from the guided light. The emitted light includes a plurality of directional light beams having different principal angular directions corresponding to respective different view directions of a multiview display. The color-tailored emission pattern corresponds to an arrangement of color sub-pixels of a view pixel in the multiview display.

Abstract: A backlight and a multiview display employ a light guide having angle-preserving scattering feature and a grating spreader. The angle-preserving scattering feature is configured to scatter a portion of guided light out of the light guide as emitted light. The grating spreader includes a diffraction grating and is configured to convert light provided by a light source into spatio-angularly homogenous light to be guided as the guided light. The multiview display includes an array of light valves as well as the angle-preserving scattering feature that includes a multibeam element having a size that is comparable to a size of a light valve of the light valve array.

Abstract: A dual view zone backlight and dual-mode display employ a first backlight region to provide directional emitted light toward a first view zone and a second backlight region to provide broad-angle emitted light toward the first and a second view zone in a first mode. The dual-mode display includes a second backlight to provide broad-angle light toward both the first view zone and the second view zone in a second mode.

Abstract: A multiview backlight, multiview display, and method of multiview backlight operation include reflective multibeam elements configured to provide emitted light having directional light beams with directions corresponding to view directions of a multiview image. The multiview backlight includes a light guide configured to guide light and an array of the reflective multibeam elements, each reflective multibeam element including a plurality of reflective sub-elements and being configured to reflectively scatter out a portion of the guided light as the emitted light. The multiview display includes the multiview backlight and an array of light valves to modulate the directional light beams to provide the multiview image.

Abstract: A static multiview display includes a plurality of light emitters offset in a longitudinal direction; a light guide configured to guide light in the longitudinal direction; a collimating light coupler configured to receive light from the light emitters and coupling the light to the light guide; and an array of diffraction gratings to extract light guided by the light guide to provide a multiview image having a direction that is a function of both color and a propagation angle of light guided by the light guide.

Abstract: A multiview backlight and display employ diffusion of directional light beams to provide an image of color regions of a color-tailored multibeam element having a size comparable to a size of the color-tailored multibeam element. The multiview backlight includes an array of color-tailored multibeam elements configured to provide the directional light beams and an optical diffuser configured to spread out directional light beams to provide the color region image. The multiview display includes an array of the color-tailored multibeam elements and the optical diffuser. The multiview display further includes an array of light valves configured to modulate the directional light beams as a multiview image.

Abstract: A backlight scattering element, multiview display, and method of backlight scattering element operation employ a high-index light guide layer in conjunction with a light guide and diffraction grating to provide emitted light. The backlight scattering element includes a light guide that guides light as guided light and a high-index light guide layer optically connected to the light guide and configured to extend a thickness of the light guide. The backlight scattering element also includes a diffraction grating adjacent to the high-index light guide layer to diffractively scatter out a portion of the guided light as emitted light. The multiview display includes a light guide having a first layer and a second layer, a refractive index of the second layer being greater than a refractive index of the first layer. The multiview display may modulate diffractively scattered out directional light beams to provide a multiview image.

Abstract: A backlit transparent display and a transparent display system provide a displayed image while enabling a background scene to be visible through the display. The backlit transparent display includes a light guide, a plurality of scattering elements, and an array of light valves configured to modulate emitted light scattered from the light guide to provide modulated emitted light representing a displayed image. Transparency of the backlit transparent display is configured to enable the background scene to be visible through the backlit transparent display. The transparent display system includes the array of light valves and a transparent backlight. The transparent display system is configured to provide the displayed image as superimposed on the background scene visible through the transparent display system.

Abstract: A collimated backlight and an electronic display employ a light guide having angle-preserving scattering feature and an absorption collimator. The angle-preserving scattering feature is configured to scatter a portion of guided light out of the light guide as emitted light. The absorption collimator includes an absorption element and is configured to convert light provided by a light source into collimated light to be guided as the guided light. The electronic display includes an array of light valves and may be configured as a multiview display or a privacy display.

Abstract: A grating-coupled light guide concentrates light and diffractively redirects the concentrated light at a non-zero propagation angle as guided light having a predetermined spread angle. The grating-coupled light guide includes a light guide, an optical concentrator, and a grating coupler. The optical concentrator is configured to concentrate light from a light source as concentrated light and the grating coupler is configured to diffractively redirect the concentrated light into the light guide as the guided light. Characteristics of the optical concentrator and grating coupler are configured in combination to determine the non-zero propagation angle and predetermined spread angle. A grating-coupled display system further includes an array of light valves configured to modulate emitted light as a displayed image.

Abstract: A mode-switchable backlight and mode-switchable display employ a first planar backlight to emit broad-angle emitted light during a first mode and a second planar backlight to emit directional emitted light during a second mode. The second planar backlight includes a plate light guide and an array of multibeam elements configured to scatter out guided light from the light guide during a second mode as the directional emitted light including a plurality of directional light beams having principal angular directions corresponding to view directions of a multiview image. The mode-switchable display further includes a light valve array configured to modulate the broad-angle emitted light to provide a two-dimensional image during the first mode and to modulate the directional emitted light to provide a multiview image during the second mode.

Abstract: A multiview display, system and method includes an array of light valves having a repeating plurality of color sub-pixels and arranged as a plurality of multiview pixels configured to modulate directional light beams as color pixels of views of a multiview image, and an array of multibeam emitters configured to provide the directional light beams. A location of a multiview pixel relative to a location of color sub-pixels is configured to be shifted as a function of a position of a user of the multiview display to provide dynamic color sub-pixel remapping.

Abstract: A transparent display and a transparent multiview display an image while enabling a background scene to be visible through the display. The transparent display includes a light guide having a scattering feature and an array of light valves configured to modulate emitted light scattered from the light guide to provide modulated emitted light representing a displayed image. Transparency of a combination of the light guide and the array of light valves is configured to enable the background scene to be visible through the transparent display. The transparent multiview display includes the light guide and a plurality of multibeam elements configured to scatter guided light from the light guide as a plurality of directional light beam. The transparent multiview display further includes an array of light valves to modulate the directional light beams to provide the display image as a multiview image.

Abstract: A multiview camera array and multiview system employ camera sub-arrays having at least one camera in common to capture a multiview image of a scene for display on a multiview display. The multiview camera array includes a first sub-array of cameras and a second sub-array of cameras. Cameras of the first and second camera sub-arrays are spaced apart from one another by a first baseline distance and a second baseline distance, respectively. The multiview system further includes a multiview display configured to display the multiview image. A method of capturing a multiview image includes capturing a first plurality of different views of the scene with the first sub-array of cameras and capturing a second plurality of different views of the scene using the second sub-array of cameras.

Abstract: A dual view zone backlight and dual-mode display employ a first backlight region to provide directional emitted light toward a first view zone and a second backlight region to provide broad-angle emitted light toward the first and a second view zone in a first mode. The dual-mode display includes a second backlight to provide broad-angle light toward both the first view zone and the second view zone in a second mode.

Abstract: A multiview backlight having applications in a multiview display employs an array of multibeam elements located a predetermined distance below a top surface of a light guide in the multiview backlight. The multibeam elements may be configured to scatter out through the top surface a portion of guided light from the light guide as directional light beams having different principal angular directions corresponding to different views of the multiview display. For example, the multibeam elements each may comprise one or more of a diffraction grating, a micro-reflective element, and a micro-refractive element. Moreover, the multiview display may include an array of light valves configured to modulate the directional light beams as a multiview image to be displayed by the multiview display, and the predetermined distance may be greater than one quarter of a size of a light valve of the set of light valves.

Abstract: A polarization recycling backlight and a multiview display employ a polarization-selective scattering feature configured to preferentially scatter out a first polarization component of guided light and a polarization conversion structure configured to convert a portion of a second polarization component of the guided light into the first polarization component. The polarization conversion structure includes a subwavelength grating.

Abstract: Diffractive backlight fabrication employs a diffraction grating to scatter light from a light guide and define a reflective island that is aligned with the diffraction grating. A method of fabricating a diffractive backlight includes providing the light guide having the diffraction grating, diffractively scattering guided light out of the light guide using the diffraction grating to selectively expose photoresist and provide an opening in the photoresist, and depositing a reflective material into the opening to form a reflective island that is aligned with the diffraction grating. A reflective diffraction grating element of the diffractive backlight includes the diffraction grating and reflective island.

Abstract: A multiview display includes an array of light valves having rows of a repeating plurality of color sub-pixels and arranged as a plurality of multiview pixels configured to modulate directional light beams as color pixels of views of a multiview image. A first row of the repeating plurality of color sub-pixels is offset from a second row of the repeating plurality of color sub-pixels in a row direction by an integer multiple of a width of a color sub-pixel. The offset of the first and second rows is configured to provide corresponding color sub-pixels in adjacent multiview pixels having different colors to mitigate color fringing associated with the color pixel of the multiview image.

Abstract: A light source configured to provide output light having a bifurcated emission pattern includes an optical emitter configured to emit light and a emission control layer. The emission control layer includes a first plurality of light-blocking elements spaced apart from one another in a vertical direction at an output aperture of the light source and a second plurality of light-blocking elements displaced from the output aperture and interleaved with the first plurality. The emission control layer is configured to transmit a portion of the emitted light through gaps between the light-blocking elements to provide the output light having the bifurcated emission pattern in the vertical direction. A multiview backlight includes the light source along with a light guide and an array of multibeam elements to provide a plurality of directional light beams using the output light having the bifurcated emission pattern.