Abstract: A sensing device with an odd-symmetry grating projects near-field spatial modulations onto a closely spaced photodetector array. Due to physical properties of the grating, the spatial modulations are in focus for a range of wavelengths and spacings. The spatial modulations are captured by the array, and photographs and other image information can be extracted from the resultant data. Used in conjunction with a converging optical element, versions of these gratings provide depth information about objects in an imaged scene. This depth information can be computationally extracted to obtain a depth map of the scene.

Abstract: Image-sensing devices include odd-symmetry gratings that cast interference patterns over a photodetector array. Grating features offer considerable insensitivity to the wavelength of incident light, and also to the manufactured distance between the grating and the photodetector array. Photographs and other image information can be extracted from interference patterns captured by the photodetector array. Images can be captured without a lens, and cameras can be made smaller than those that are reliant on lenses and ray-optical focusing.

Abstract: A sensing device with an odd-symmetry grating projects near-field spatial modulations onto a closely spaced photodetector array. The grating includes upper and lower features that define boundaries of odd symmetry. The features include upper and lower segments of various widths on opposite sides of each boundary, the upper segments at a height sufficient to induce one half wavelength of retardation in the band of interest relative to the lower segments. The resultant interference produces the spatial modulations for capture by the array. Photographs and other image information can be extracted from the captured data.

Abstract: Multiframe reconstruction combines a set of acquired images into a reconstructed image. Here, which images to acquire are selected based at least in part on the content of previously acquired images. In one approach, a set of at least three images of an object are acquired at different acquisition settings. For at least one of the images in the set, the acquisition setting for the image is determined based at least in part on the content of previously acquired images. Multiframe image reconstruction is applied to the set of acquired images to synthesize a reconstructed image of the object.

Abstract: Described are imaging devices that employ patchworks of diffractive structures as focusing optics. Each diffractive structure best focuses light over a relatively narrow cone of incident angles, and provides suboptimal focusing for incident angles outside that cone. Different diffractive structures best focus different angular ranges, with the patchwork thus providing an overall focusable response for the relatively broad range of angles required to image a scene. Images can be captured without a lens, and cameras can be made smaller than those that are reliant on lenses and ray-optical focusing.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed herein for classification. In one embodiment, the method comprises performing tree-based classification of a user input by a classifier with a classification tree at a first location, including exchanging data with a second location, different from the first location, to obtain the user input and provide results of classification to a user using singly homomorphic encryption so that the user input is not revealed to the classifier, the classification tree is not revealed to the user and the classifier's output is not revealed to the classifier.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for secure and oblivious document matching are described. In one embodiment, the method comprises transmitting initial secure dot product data generated from a document thumbprint for a document to a remote system. The method may also comprise receiving a response from the remote system. In one embodiment, the response is generated by the remote system utilizing the initial secure dot product data and without knowledge of the document. In one embodiment, the method may further comprise determining whether the response indicates a match for the document.

Abstract: Multiframe reconstruction combines a set of acquired images into a reconstructed image. Here, which images to acquire are selected based at least in part on the content of previously acquired images. In one approach, a set of at least three images of an object are acquired at different acquisition settings. For at least one of the images in the set, the acquisition setting for the image is determined based at least in part on the content of previously acquired images. Multiframe image reconstruction is applied to the set of acquired images to synthesize a reconstructed image of the object.

Abstract: According to the present invention, an internet target marketing system, method and computer program for distributing online advertising to viewers based upon the viewers' interests is provided. Specific embodiments according to the present invention can use an n-way matching of user's concepts of interest, advertiser's concepts and a currently viewed document to target advertising to the view of the current document. Some embodiments can generate a contextually sensitive advertisement for each page viewed in a browser, thereby associating an advertisement with every page in a document. Specific embodiments can associate advertising with documents that are substantially free of embedded advertisements, for example. Alternative embodiments can include embedded advertising, however.

Abstract: Metrics for characterizing the focusing of a plenoptic imaging system. In one aspect, the metric is based on the high frequency content and/or the blurring of the plenoptic image.

Abstract: An internet target marketing system, method, and computer program for distributing online advertising to viewers based upon the viewers' interests is provided. The system, method, and computer program may involve identifying one or more document-related concepts derived from analysis of content of a web document capable of being displayed to the user, identifying one or more advertisement-related concepts relevant to an advertising, comparing the one or more document-related concepts to the one or more advertising-related concepts to determine a relevance, and selecting the advertising based on the relevance.

Abstract: A stereo-imaging system estimates depth based on two images; a multiview-imaging system estimates depth based on two or more images. A passive multiview-imaging system based on a sensor array is designed by considering different candidate partitions of the sensor array into imaging subsystems, especially three or more imaging subsystems.

Abstract: Metrics for characterizing the focusing of a plenoptic imaging system. In one aspect, the metric is based on the high frequency content and/or the blurring of the plenoptic image.

Abstract: Metrics for characterizing the focusing of a plenoptic imaging system. In one aspect, the metric is based on the high frequency content and/or the blurring of the plenoptic image.

Abstract: A stereo-imaging system estimates depth based on two images; a multiview-imaging system estimates depth based on two or more images. A passive multiview-imaging system based on a sensor array is designed by considering different candidate partitions of the sensor array into imaging subsystems, especially three or more imaging subsystems.

Abstract: Adaptive optics (AO) elements in imaging system allow dynamic and precise control over the optical wavefront to reduce uncontrolled wavefront errors in imaging systems. Traditional control of such devices is based on inverting the wavefront function to minimize the RMS wavefront error. However, this approach is not always optimal, particularly when the wavefront error is near or exceeds the limit of the AO element's correction capability. In the current approach, the AO element is instead controlled based on a performance metric that takes into account image processing, and not just RMS wavefront error.

Abstract: A digital-optical imaging system can be operated in two modes, which shall be referred to as broadband mode and grayscale mode. In broadband mode, different color images are captured and then image processed together. The optics are intentionally aberrated to increase the depth of field, with the image processing compensating for the aberrations. In grayscale mode, the different color images are captured and then image processed separately. The color images are assumed to be correlated so that it is not necessary to have clear images of all color channels. Accordingly, the optics are designed so that the different color images focus at different locations, thus increasing the overall depth of field where at least one color image is in focus.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed herein for classification. In one embodiment, the method comprises performing tree-based classification of a user input by a classifier with a classification tree at a first location, including exchanging data with a second location, different from the first location, to obtain the user input and provide results of classification to a user using singly homomorphic encryption so that the user input is not revealed to the classifier, the classification tree is not revealed to the user and the classifier's output is not revealed to the classifier.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for enabling and/or providing delayed decryption is disclosed. In one embodiment, the method comprises receiving encrypted information and additional information and decrypting the encrypted information, using the additional information, no sooner than a specified time. The additional information includes data indicative of the time.

Abstract: Techniques for pricing a task are provided. The pricing may be based on attributes of the input information and one or more rules determined for the input information. The rules may be based on one or more variables and customer-specified constraints.