Abstract: A device for the continuous production or the production on demand of a wr-in-oil emulsion from a water soluble chemical and an oil when mixed with an emulsifier. The device operates at relatively low pressures on the water and the oil lines. Water based chemical and the oil are each introduced into the cell through spray nozzles. The nozzles are positioned so as to cause the two sprays to intermix just prior to impinging on the wall of the cell. The action of the sprays and the force of impinging on the wall produces shearing action in the chemicals that helps in producing an emulsion. A long tube extends from the cylindrical cell. This tube contains a passive mixing element which causes the mixed chemicals to be further mixed and to undergo additional shearing action. The effect of the tube is to assure that the chemicals are held in a mixed state long enough for a stable emulsion to be formed.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the production of fused silica-containing glass articles of large cross section or diameter wherein at least a surface layer thereof exhibits very high optical quality. The method involves depositing via flame hydrolysis/oxidation reaction a layer of fused silica-containing soot onto a supporting bait, essentially immediately thereafter applying a source of heat concentrated uniformly across the breadth of the soot deposit, but focused only over a relatively small area thereof, to raise the temperature within that area sufficiently to uniformly consolidate the soot in that area into a non-porous glass, and then cooling the glass to room temperature.

Abstract: There is disclosed a highly refractory substrate having a vitreous carbon coating formed on its surface, and a method of forming such coating by contacting the substrate, while hot, with an organic material in liquid form. In one form, the substrate is a drawn glass filament which may be coated as part of the drawing operation, and which may, for example, be an optical filament useful in an optical waveguide system.

Abstract: An elongated burner, which produces a stream of metal oxide soot, comprises three adjacent housings. A centrally disposed housing contains a linear array of orifices for issuing a gas-oxygen mixture to produce a linear flame. Disposed on opposite sides of the central housing are two housings having orifices for issuing into the flame two linear streams of metal halide vapor. Gaps between the central and outer housings permit air to be aspired for stabilizing the flame. Additional flame stabilization may be achieved by providing a shield along the entire perimeter of the halide vapor streams to prevent the random aspiration of air into the sides of the flame.