Abstract: A tire tread includes a middle rib formed by two circumferential main grooves extending along a tire circumferential direction, a first shoulder rib disposed axially outward from the center rib and one of the circumferential main grooves, and a second shoulder rib disposed axially outward from the center rib and the other of the two circumferential main grooves. The middle rib has a plurality of sipes inclined oppositely with respect to a tire rotational direction such that the sipes extend farther away from a rotational axis of the tire tread as the sipes extend in the tire rotational direction. The middle rib thereby defines a row of circumferentially extending tread elements having chamfers at trailing edges of the tread elements.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for modulating card information between a card reader and a user device. One of the methods includes receiving, from a read head of the card reader, card information associated with a card. The card information is encoded in a first format to be sent to the user device at a first data rate. The card information is encoded in a second format to be sent to the user device at a second data rate lower than the first data rate. The card information is sent to the user device encoded in the first format and the second format.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for modulating card information between a card reader and a user device. One of the methods includes receiving, from a read head of the card reader, card information associated with a card. The card information is encoded in a first format to be sent to the user device at a first data rate. The card information is encoded in a second format to be sent to the user device at a second data rate lower than the first data rate. The card information is sent to the user device encoded in the first format and the second format.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for modulating card information between a card reader and a user device. One of the methods includes receiving, from a read head of the card reader, card information associated with a card. The card information is encoded in a first format to be sent to the user device at a first data rate. The card information is encoded in a second format to be sent to the user device at a second data rate lower than the first data rate. The card information is sent to the user device encoded in the first format and the second format.

Abstract: A tread for a pneumatic tire in accordance with the present invention includes a tread base layer, a first tread cap layer radially outside of the tread base layer, a second tread cap layer radially outside of the tread base layer and both radially outside and axially adjacent the first tread cap layer, a third intermediate layer radially between the tread base layer and the first and second tread cap layers. The first tread cap layer has a protrusion extending radially inward and into the third intermediate layer more than a main body of the first tread cap layer and the second tread cap layer thereby allowing the first tread cap layer to provide the overall tread with enhanced performance characteristics after the main body of the first tread cap layer and the second tread cap layer have worn away.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for modulating card information between a card reader and a user device. One of the methods includes receiving, from a read head of the card reader, card information associated with a card. The card information is encoded in a first format to be sent to the user device at a first data rate. The card information is encoded in a second format to be sent to the user device at a second data rate lower than the first data rate. The card information is sent to the user device encoded in the first format and the second format.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for modulating card information between a card reader and a user device. One of the methods includes receiving, from a read head of the card reader, card information associated with a card. The card information is encoded in a first format to be sent to the user device at a first data rate. The card information is encoded in a second format to be sent to the user device at a second data rate lower than the first data rate. The card information is sent to the user device encoded in the first format and the second format.

Abstract: A tread for a pneumatic tire in accordance with the present invention includes a tread base layer, a first tread cap layer radially outside of the tread base layer, a second tread cap layer radially outside of the tread base layer and both radially outside and axially adjacent the first tread cap layer, a third intermediate layer radially between the tread base layer and the first and second tread cap layers. The first tread cap layer has a protrusion extending radially inward and into the third intermediate layer more than a main body of the first tread cap layer and the second tread cap layer thereby allowing the first tread cap layer to provide the overall tread with enhanced performance characteristics after the main body of the first tread cap layer and the second tread cap layer have worn away.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for modulating card information between a card reader and a user device. One of the methods includes receiving, from a read head of the card reader, card information associated with a card. The card information is encoded in a first format to be sent to the user device at a first data rate. The card information is encoded in a second format to be sent to the user device at a second data rate lower than the first data rate. The card information is sent to the user device encoded in the first format and the second format.