Abstract: An oil control ring for a piston in an i.c. engine comprising an expander ring and two lamellar rails which scrape the oil from the cylinder wall. The expander ring has two series of lugs arranged alternately on each side, which support the rails and two series of dimples arranged alternately on each side which space the rails from the expander ring. The expander ring has notches in its outer and inner circumference and is bent into a circular form. Its free ends form a butt joint.

Abstract: A piston casting for forming a piston for an internal combustion engine or compressor comprises a generally cylindrical crown (10) having a ring belt (11) extending around the crown for the formation therein of one or more piston ring grooves. A gudgeon pin bore (14) extends through the piston casting in a direction normal to the piston axis and two opposed skirt thrust surfaces (17) depend from the ring belt and are symetrically disposed about a plane including the piston axis and normal to the gudgeon pin bore axis. The surfaces extend only part the way around the piston casting and terminate in respective spaced generally axially extending edges (18), each skirt thrust surface being extended circumferentially beyond the associated edges (at 19) at the ends of the edges remote from the crown.

Abstract: The height of a piston for an internal combustion engine is reduced by the provision of gudgeon pin bores which intersect or at least partly intersect a ring band extending around the crown. This allows the mass of the piston to be reduced and allows improved visibility from the vehicle owing to reduced bonnet height. The weight of the piston is reduced so improving its performance and the performance of the engine.

Abstract: A surgical system and apparatus which includes a handpiece with an ultrasonic motor for driving a needle or other instrument with ultrasound and further including a cutting tube or rotary motor that is mounted within the needle such that the tube can cut material which passes through openings in the tube to be engaged by the tube. Irrigation and aspiration is provided and a surgeon may selectively cut with ultrasound, or with the cutting action or with both, as required. The handpiece may be combined with a built-in light source.