Abstract: A system for determining the absolute position of a first object with respect to a second object includes a scalar element attached to the first object and a measuring device attached to the second object. The scalar element comprises a series of coded regions. The coded region represents a number designating a position along an axis of the scalar element. The measuring device includes a two-dimensional optical sensor array configured to capture an image of a portion of the scalar element. The system also includes a processor configured to receive the image and determine an absolute position of the first object with respect to the second object based on at least one coded region of the series of coded regions.

Abstract: A system for determining the absolute position of a first object with respect to a second object includes a scalar element attached to the first object and a measuring device attached to the second object. The scalar element comprises a series of coded regions. The coded region represents a number designating a position along an axis of the scalar element. The measuring device includes a two-dimensional optical sensor array configured to capture an image of a portion of the scalar element. The system also includes a processor configured to receive the image and determine an absolute position of the first object with respect to the second object based on at least one coded region of the series of coded regions.

Abstract: A system for determining the absolute position of a first object with respect to a second object includes a scalar element attached to the first object and a measuring device attached to the second object. The scalar element comprises a series of coded regions. The coded region represents a number designating a position along an axis of the scalar element. The measuring device includes a two-dimensional optical sensor array configured to capture an image of a portion of the scalar element. The system also includes a processor configured to receive the image and determine an absolute position of the first object with respect to the second object based on at least one coded region of the series of coded regions.

Abstract: A system for determining the absolute position of a first object with respect to a second object includes a scalar element attached to the first object and a measuring device attached to the second object. The scalar element comprises a series of coded regions. The coded region represents a number designating a position along an axis of the scalar element. The measuring device includes a two-dimensional optical sensor array configured to capture an image of a portion of the scalar element. The system also includes a processor configured to receive the image and determine an absolute position of the first object with respect to the second object based on at least one coded region of the series of coded regions.

Abstract: A system for determining the absolute position of a first object with respect to a second object includes a scalar element attached to the first object and a measuring device attached to the second object. The scalar element comprises a series of coded regions. The coded region represents a number designating a position along an axis of the scalar element. The measuring device includes a two-dimensional optical sensor array configured to capture an image of a portion of the scalar element. The system also includes a processor configured to receive the image and determine an absolute position of the first object with respect to the second object based on at least one coded region of the series of coded regions.

Abstract: A system for determining the absolute position of a first object with respect to a second object includes a scalar element attached to the first object and a measuring device attached to the second object. The scalar element comprises a series of coded regions. The coded region represents a number designating a position along an axis of the scalar element. The measuring device includes a two-dimensional optical sensor array configured to capture an image of a portion of the scalar element. The system also includes a processor configured to receive the image and determine an absolute position of the first object with respect to the second object based on at least one coded region of the series of coded regions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dosing device for dispensing and/or receiving a dosed amount of a liquid, comprising a piston device being disposed in a housing and a device for determining the stroke of the piston and/or the position of the piston, wherein the device for determining the stroke of the piston and/or the position of the piston features at least one scalar element and at least one measuring device, wherein the scalar element is fixedly disposed at the housing of the piston device and the measuring device is directly or indirectly connected to the piston and can be moved together with the piston, or wherein the scalar element is disposed at the piston so as to be movable with the piston and the measuring device is fixedly disposed at the housing, and wherein the scalar element is designed as an absolutely coded scale.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dosing device for dispensing and/or receiving a dosed amount of a liquid, comprising a piston device being disposed in a housing and a device for determining the stroke of the piston and/or the position of the piston, wherein the device for determining the stroke of the piston and/or the position of the piston features at least one scalar element and at least one measuring device, wherein the scalar element is fixedly disposed at the housing of the piston device and the measuring device is directly or indirectly connected to the piston and can be moved together with the piston, or wherein the scalar element is disposed at the piston so as to be movable with the piston and the measuring device is fixedly disposed at the housing, and wherein the scalar element is designed as an absolutely coded scale.

Abstract: A system for determining the absolute position of a first object with respect to a second object includes a scalar element attached to the first object and a measuring device attached to the second object. The scalar element comprises a series of coded regions. The coded region represents a number designating a position along an axis of the scalar element. The measuring device includes a two-dimensional optical sensor array configured to capture an image of a portion of the scalar element. The system also includes a processor configured to receive the image and determine an absolute position of the first object with respect to the second object based on at least one coded region of the series of coded regions.

Abstract: The present invention provides articles that exhibit exceptional peel strength and have a thermoplastic volume, a metal volume, and an interpenetrated volume that includes both thermoplastic and metal portions. The present invention also provides for methods of producing the articles of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides articles comprised of a single resin system that has a surface and a core of different compositions, the surface having more extractable component and less fillers than the core. This arrangement provides for increased peel strength in articles formed from or including such articles. The present invention also provides methods of making the articles.

Abstract: The invention provides Fusarium resistant tetraploid wheat.

Abstract: An analytical device that can be used to conveniently and accurately assay plural vessels. In one exemplary embodiment, a pair of LED sources provides illumination through a pair of radial waveguides to plural vessels arranged in a pair of substantially concentric and circular rows about the LED sources. A light pipe receives light transmitted through a vessel from each radial waveguide and reflects the received light downward to a single printed circuit board that contains a photodiode for each light pipe, as well as processing circuitry. The first LED source/radial waveguide optical is used to confirm the presence of a vessel, and the second is used to perform, e.g., turbidometric and/or colorimetric assays upon an analyte within the vessel. The vessel is incubated in a vessel support that includes a heat conducting base and a heat insulating cover. Heat is supplied by a DC heater.