Abstract: Citral is prepared by heating dehydrolinalol in the presence of a vanadium compound as catalyst and an alkanol of 12 to 18 carbon atoms as co-catalyst, whereby isomerization is effected. There may also be present an alkanol or cycloalkanol of 7 to 11 carbon atoms as co-catalyst.

Abstract: A process for the telomerization of dienes with a telomerizing compound containing a mobile hydrogen atom is disclosed wherein the reaction between the diene and the telomerizing agent is effected in the presence of a catalytic system comprising a water-soluble sulfonated triaryl phosphine compound, preferably a water-soluble salt of a mono-, di-, or trisulfonated triphenyl phosphine and a transition metal compound, preferably palladium or a palladium-containing compound. Water is added either before or after the reaction is completed and the reaction products can easily be separated from the aqueous catalyst solution.

Abstract: Olefins are hydroformylated to aldehydes in the presence of a catalytic system comprising a rhodium containing, aqueous solution of certain sulfonated aryl phosphine compounds.

Abstract: A process for the telomerization of dienes with a telomerizing compound containing a mobile hydrogen atom is disclosed wherein the reaction between the diene and the telomerizing agent is effected in the presence of a catalytic system comprising a water-soluble sulfonated triaryl phosphine compound, preferably a water-soluble salt of a mono-, di-, or trisulfonated triphenyl phosphine and a transition metal compound, preferably palladium or a palladium-containing compound. Water is added either before or after the reaction is completed and the reaction products can easily be separated from the aqueous catalyst solution.

Abstract: A process for the telomerization of dienes with a telomerizing compound containing a mobile hydrogen atom is disclosed wherein the reaction between the diene and the telomerizing agent is effected in the presence of a catalytic system comprising a water-soluble sulfonated triaryl phosphine compound, preferably a water-soluble salt of a mono-, di-, or trisulfonated triphenyl phosphine and a transition metal compound, preferably palladium or a palladium-containing compound. Water is added either before or after the reaction is completed and the reaction products can easily be separated from the aqueous catalyst solution.

Abstract: A process of hydrocyanation of unsaturated organic compounds, which contain at least one ethylenic double bond, comprising reacting these compounds with hydrogen cyanide in the presence of an aqueous solution of a sulfonated triarylphosphine compound preferably a water soluble salt of a mono- di- or trisulfonated triphenylphosphine which contains a transition metal compound, preferably a nickel compound. When the reaction is completed the resulting hydrocyanated compound and the catalytic solution can easily be separated and the latter be reused.

Abstract: An alkenylaromatic polymer is provided derived from 50 to 100 mol % of at least one monomer of the general formula: ##STR1## in which R' represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical and R" represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl or ethyl radical, and 0 to 50 mol % of a non-aromatic ethylenically unsaturated monomer, optionally cross-linked by 0.1 to 30 mol %, relative to the monomer of formula (I), of a polyvinyl monomer, 0.01 to 1 .alpha.-ketoaldehyde group of the formula-- CO -- CHO II.being present per aromatic ring in the polymer. These polymers find particular utility in extracting sulphur and nitrogen-containing compounds from solutions containing them, especially urea from solutions resulting from the dialysis or ultrafiltration of human blood.

Abstract: An alkenylaromatic polymer is provided derived from 50 to 100 mol % of at least one monomer of the general formula: ##SPC1##In which R' represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical and R" represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl or ethyl radical, and 0 to 50 mol % of a non-aromatic ethylenically unsaturated monomer, optionally crosslinked by 0.1 to 30 mol %, relative to the monomer of formula (I), of a polyvinyl monomer, 0.01 to 1 .alpha.-ketoaldehyde group of the formula-- CO -- CHO (II)being present per aromatic ring in the polymer. These polymers find particular utility in extracting sulphur and nitrogen-containing compounds from solutions containing them, especially urea from solutions resulting from the dialysis or ultrafiltration of human blood.

Abstract: Olefins are hydroformylated to aldehydes in the presence of a catalytic system comprising a rhodium containing, aqueous solution of certain sulfonated aryl phosphine compounds.