Abstract: Activated haptens useful for generating immunogens to HIV protease inhibitors, immunogens useful for producing antibodies to HIV protease inhibitors, and antibodies and labeled conjugates useful in immunoassays for HIV protease inhibitors. The novel haptens feature an activated functionality at the central, non-terminal hydroxyl group common to all HIV protease inhibitors, e.g., saquinavir, nelfinavir, indinavir, amprenavir, ritonavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir.

Abstract: A method for quantifying an HIV protease inhibitor in a sample includes combining HIV protease, a conjugate comprising an HIV protease inhibitor analog, and a sample suspected of containing an HIV protease inhibitor. The HIV protease and the conjugate are capable of forming a detectable complex. The method also includes measuring the amount of the detectable complex, and relating the amount of the detectable complex to a concentration of the HIV protease inhibitor in the sample.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the measurement of an analyte in biological samples whereby an uncompetitive inhibitor is coupled to a ligand and utilized in a homogeneous assay. The analyte can be a drug or drug derivative, hormone, polypeptide, or oligonucleotide. The present invention also provides novel compounds, assay reagents and packaged kits useful for performing such measurements.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for detection or measurement of an analyte in a sample by a binding assay comprising at least one hapten/anti-hapten or hapten-like binding pair. More specifically, the invention is directed to processes and test kits comprising the hapten or hapten-like molecule of such binding pair in free form.

Abstract: The invention concerns activated amphetamine derivatives, a process for their production as well as their use for producing immunogens or detection conjugates carrying amphetamine groups. A further subject matter of the invention are new conjugates carrying amphetamine groups, a process for the production thereof as well as their use for the production of antibodies or for the determination of amphetamine or derivatives thereof.

Abstract: The invention addresses new photo-activatable biotin derivatives having the formula I ##STR1## wherein R=?(CH.sub.2).sub.n --O.sub.m !.sub.q --?(CH.sub.2).sub.r --O.sub.s !.sub.t --(CH.sub.2).sub.pwith n,r=2,3; m,s=0,1; q+t=1-4; p=1-4,wherein the sum of all CH.sub.2 groups does not exceed 10and wherein R1 as a single or multiple substituent is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl, NH.sub.2, COOH, F, Cl, or Br.and their preparation, their use to inactivate streptavidin, the use of the inactivated streptavidin to reduce interference in immunoassays.

Abstract: A method for determining collagen degradation products in a body fluid sample using a non-competitive or competitive immunoassay is disclosed, the method comprising incubating the body fluid sample with an amount of antibody which specifically reacts with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO. 2 of collagen l or a fragment thereof, and determining the collagen degradation products bound to the amount of the antibody. A kit for such a method is also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are antibodies which specifically bind the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO. 1 of collagen I. A hybridoma cell line which produces the antibodies is also disclosed.

Abstract: Benzodiazepine protein conjugates of the formula I ##STR1## wherein R1 is hydrogen, a methyl group or R, R2 is hydrogen, a hydroxyl or an OR group, with R1 or R2 containing an R group,R3 is a halogen, NO2 or NH2,X is hydrogen or a halogen,wherein R is a group of the formula II, wherein Z is a macromolecular immunogen reactive carrier substance and n is 2 or 3.The benzodiazepine protein conjugates are used as immunogens to obtain antibodies to benzodiazepines.The invention also relates to an immunoassay for the detection of benzodiazepines where the so generated antibodies are used.

Abstract: Compound of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R is an ester-activating group, m and n are identical or different and 0-6, p =0, 2-4, and q and s=1, p=0 if s=0 and p=2-4 if s=1. The compound is novel and suitable for the reproducible coupling of immunological substances at a high yield.

Abstract: An immunological method for the determination of triazine and triazine derivatives by a competitive immunoassay in which the sample and labelled atrazine compete for a polyclonal antibody which is bound to a solid phase before, during or after the immunological reaction, the immunological complex binds to the solid phase, the solid phase and unbound labelled atrazine are separated and the label in the solid or liquid phase is determined as a measure of the content of triazine and triazine derivatives, which is characterized in that polyclonal antibodies which were obtained by immunization with a 4-alkylamino-S-triazine are used and a conjugate of a label and 4-amino-S-triazine which is bound to the label via the 6 position is used as the labelled atrazine. Triazine and triazine derivatives can be determined simultaneously using this method.

Abstract: Novel derivatives of procainamide and N-acetylprocainamide (NAPA) are disclosed having the following formula: ##STR1## wherein: X=hydrogen or acetyl;n=1 to p where p=MW of Z/1000;Z=a poly(amino acid) or polysaccharide; andR3=a bond or ##STR2## wherein R2=an alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms. The derivatives include maleimide conjugates of proteins or poly(amino acids), enzymes, enzyme donor polypeptides and labeling substances. Novel activated hapten intermediates useful in the preparation of the conjugates and methods for synthesis of the hapten intermediates and derivatives are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention concerns a compound of the general formula (I): ##STR1## in which Bi denotes a residue derived by cleavage of a carboxyl group from biotin or from a biotin derivative, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 denote independently of one another hydrogen or C.sub.1 --C.sub.4 alkyl,n denotes an integer from 4 to 10 andX denotes an alkylene residue with a chain length of 5 to 20 atoms substituted by one or several O or/and S atoms and a conjugate of this compound with a substance that has at least one primary or/and secondary amino group NHR.sup.3.

Abstract: Compound of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R is an ester-activating group, m and n are identical or different and 0-6, p=0, 2-4, and q and s=1, p=0 if s=0 and p=2-4 if s=1. The compound is novel and suitable for the reproducible coupling of immunological substances at a high yield.

Abstract: Novel conjugate of the general formulaA--L.sub.1 --L.sub.2 --Bwherein A and B are the substances to be coupled selected from the groups of haptens, proteins, polysaccharides, soluble polystyrenes, or peptides, L.sub.1 and L.sub.2 are trivalent linkers and L.sub.1 and L.sub.2 are bound via two thioether. They can be used in immunological assays and exhibit an improved storage stability.

Abstract: Hapten-biotin conjugates in which the hapten is linked with biotin via a spacer, which has 26 to 40 atoms in its chain and contains at least 5 heteroatoms, are novel and are suitable, in particular for use in a competitive homogeneous immunoassay in which the agglutination which occurs in the reaction is evaluated by turbidimetric or nephelometric measurements.

Abstract: The present invention provides digoxigenin derivatives of the formula: ##STR1## wherein n is a whole number of from 1 to 4 and Z is a carboxyl group or a functional derivative derived therefrom. The present invention also provides digoxigenin conjugates of the general formula: ##STR2## wherein the carrier is an immunogenic carrier material, a nucleic acid or a labelled immunocomponent of a labelled digoxigenin immunoconjugate for use in an immunoassay, m is a number from 1 to the number of coupling positions available on the carrier and Y is the group formed by the reaction of the carboxyl function Z of the digoxigenin derivative of general formula (I) with the reacting position of the carrier material. Also described are uses of these conjugates as nucleic acid probes, immunogens, and in immunoassay.

Abstract: The present invention provides cobalamin acid hydrazides of the general formula:B--CO--NH--NH--R--CO--NH--NH).sub.x H (I)wherein B is a residue formed from a cobalamin by the splitting off of a --CONH.sub.2 group, R is a spacer and x is 0 or 1, as well as a process for the preparation thereof.The present invention also provides cobalamin conjugates of the general formula:B--d--CO--NH--NH--R--CO--NH).sub.x N.dbd.GP (II)in which B, R and x have the above-given meanings and d signifies the position of --CO--NH--, as well as a process for the preparation thereof. These cobalamin conjugates are very suitable for use in immunoassays, especially for the determination of cyanocobalamin.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hapten-protein conjugate, wherein a hapten is bound to the reducing end of a sugar which consists of up to 10 monosaccharide units and on a free CH.sub.2 OH group on the other end of the sugar, which is in the .alpha.-position to a hydroxyl group, is bound a protein.

Abstract: The present invention provides hapten derivatives of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein Hap is a residue formed from a hapten carrying a keto or aldehyde group by splitting off an oxo group and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which can be the same or different, are alkyl radicals containing up to 7 carbon atoms and one of the symbols R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 can also represent a hydrogen atom.The present invention also provides hapten-protein conjugates of the general formula: ##STR2## wherein Hap, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 have the above-given meanings and E--NH is the residue of a protein bound via an .epsilon.-amino group of a lysine residue.