Abstract: Various spinal plating systems for use in treating spinal pathologies are provided. In certain exemplary embodiments, the spinal plating systems can be configured to allow a surgeon to select a bone screw construct having a particular range of motion for attaching a spinal plate to bone as needed based on the intended use. In one exemplary embodiment, the spinal plating system includes a first bone screw that is polyaxially movable relative to the spinal plate, and a second bone screw that has a range of motion that is substantially limited to a single plane.

Abstract: A bone adhesive application device has a pliable structure with an application surface upon which a bone adhesive may be applied. The application surface has a surface energy substantially equal to or less than a surface energy of the bone adhesive to reduce adhesion between the bone adhesive and the bone adhesive application device. The bone adhesive application device may be included in a kit for repairing bone defects having a bone adhesive formed from a reactive biocompatible polyurethane material. The bone adhesive may be applied to a bone defect by positioning the pliable structure over at least a portion of the bone defect, delivering the bone adhesive to the bone defect and removing the pliable structure from the bone adhesive.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments provide a system including an implant assembly and an instrument configured to work in conjunction to manipulate vertebral bodies to affect derotation. The implant assemblies include a removable attachment element that allows for the attachment of the instrument. The instrument is configured to attach to two implant assemblies that have been inserted bilaterally into a vertebral body. When the instrument is attached to the implant assemblies, forces applied to the instrument are translated and transferred to the implant assemblies and the vertebral body into which the implant assemblies have been inserted thereby providing a rotational force on the vertebral body.

Abstract: Instruments and methods are provided for manipulating a bone anchor and a spinal fixation element. The instruments and methods disclosed herein are particularly suited to facilitate rotation of a bone anchor relative to another bone to correct the angular rotation of the vertebrae attached to the bone anchor. The instrument does not require the spinal fixation element to be inserted into the bone anchor prior to manipulation. The instrument further may be used in the insertion of the spinal fixation element into the bone anchor.

Abstract: A method for closing a sternum separated into at least a first sternum portion and a second sternum portion includes preparing at least one cut surface of at least one of the first or second sternum portions to have an adhesive applied thereon. The adhesive is applied to at least a portion of the at least one cut surface. The at least one cut surface is approximated to a second cut surface of the other of the first sternum portion or second sternum portion. As the adhesive cures, it bonds with the first cut surface and the second cut surface. Preparing the at least one cut surface may remove contaminants that could inhibit adhesion of the adhesive. The adhesive may be applied through adhesive injection holes formed along an incision separating the first and second sternum portions. Devices for preparing the cut surfaces and applying the adhesive are also provided.

Abstract: Instruments and methods are provided for manipulating a bone anchor and a spinal fixation element. The instruments and methods disclosed herein are particularly suited to facilitate rotation of a bone anchor relative to another bone to correct the angular rotation of the vertebrae attached to the bone anchor. The instrument does not require the spinal fixation element to be inserted into the bone anchor prior to manipulation. The instrument further may be used in the insertion of the spinal fixation element into the bone anchor.

Abstract: A method for sternal closure of a separated sternum includes applying an adhesive to a portion of an incision between at least a first sternum portion and at least a second sternum portion and maintaining the first sternum portion proximate to the second sternum portion until the adhesive has bonded with the first sternum portion and the second sternum portion. The adhesive may be applied over substantially the entire length of the incision or may be applied in intervals. The method for sternal closure may also include compressing the first sternum portion and the second sternum portion together using one or more compression devices and introducing adhesive to contact regions where the compressive devices contact the sternum. The method may also include cutting an interface feature in the first and second sternum portions or spanning the incision between the first and second interface portions with a structural support.

Abstract: A bone defect filler for implantation in a bone defect of a patient includes a particulate polymer distributed within a polymeric binder. The particulate polymer includes a plurality of particles, which may have substantially the same material composition as the polymeric binder. The particles of the particulate polymer may be formed in a variety of shapes and/or sizes to provide the bone defect filler with improved pore interconnectivity, material expansion and contamination characteristics, while maintaining sufficient mechanical strength and handling characteristics for bone repair applications. The bone defect filler also provides the flexibility to be molded or shaped in situ to fill the bone defect.

Abstract: An instrument for insertion and placement of dynamic spinal fixation plates is provided. In general, the instrument is a clip that holds the plate at its maximum extension for implantation.

Abstract: A composition includes a siloxane of the formula: (RMe2SiO1/2)a(MeRSiO2/2)b(RSiO3/2)c(SiO4/2)d wherein a is at least 2, b is from 3 to 20, c is from 0 to 10, d is from 0 to 10, and each R is independently of the formula —CR?2—CR?2—Y—Z or CR?2—CR?2—Z, wherein each R? is independently a hydrogen atom or a C1 to C10 hydrocarbyl free of aliphatic unsaturation so long as at least one R? is a hydrogen atom, Y is a divalent organic group, and Z is a polycyclic group containing at least one aromatic ring. A method of making the siloxane includes charging (HMe2SiO1/2)a(MeHSiO2/2)b(HSiO3/2)c(SiO4/2)d, a platinum catalyst, and an alkene of the formula CR?2?CR?—Y—Z or CR?2?CR?—Z into a reactor to form the siloxane. The siloxane is useful as a component in holographic storage media for photopolymer-based holographic data storage applications. The siloxane exhibits excellent compatibility when mixed with a polymerizable component before the polymerizable component is cured.

Abstract: A bone repair apparatus includes a partially polymerized biocompatible adhesive provided in a state wherein polymerization of the biocompatible adhesive is substantially suspended. A method for repairing a bone defect includes preparing the biocompatible adhesive, suspending polymerization of the biocompatible adhesive prior to full cure, delivering the biocompatible adhesive to the bone defect while polymerization is substantially suspended and accelerating polymerization of the biocompatible adhesive to achieve full cure. The method provides an implanted biocompatible adhesive with a malleable osteoconductive structure without compromising the physical characteristics of the biocompatible adhesive, thereby improving handling and delivery of the bone adhesive.

Abstract: A pedicle fastener for implantation during a spinal fusion procedure includes a head and shank, the shank being connectable to the head and extending outwardly therefrom. The shank may include a shielding feature formed therein for accommodating an adhesive augmenting the pedicle fastener and improving implantation strength and stiffness thereof. A method for implanting the pedicle fastener includes forming a hole in a pedicle, applying the adhesive to the hole and sliding the shank of the pedicle fastener into the hole. The adhesive may also be applied to the hole through direct injection, injection through a longitudinal cannula formed in the pedicle fastener or by depositing the adhesive on the shank and inserting the shank into the hole. Polymerization of the adhesive may be accelerated by heating the pedicle fastener.

Abstract: A bone adhesive application device has a pliable structure with an application surface upon which a bone adhesive may be applied. The application surface has a surface energy substantially equal to or less than a surface energy of the bone adhesive to reduce adhesion between the bone adhesive and the bone adhesive application device. The bone adhesive application device may be included in a kit for repairing bone defects having a bone adhesive formed from a reactive biocompatible polyurethane material. The bone adhesive may be applied to a bone defect by positioning the pliable structure over at least a portion of the bone defect, delivering the bone adhesive to the bone defect and removing the pliable structure from the bone adhesive.

Abstract: A bone defect filler for implantation in a bone defect of a patient includes a particulate polymer distributed within a polymeric binder. The particulate polymer includes a plurality of particles, which may have substantially the same material composition as the polymeric binder. The particles of the particulate polymer may be formed in a variety of shapes and/or sizes to provide the bone defect filler with improved pore interconnectivity, material expansion and contamination characteristics, while maintaining sufficient mechanical strength and handling characteristics for bone repair applications. The bone defect filler also provides the flexibility to be molded or shaped in situ to fill the bone defect.

Abstract: A bone defect filler for implantation in a bone defect of a patient includes a particulate polymer distributed within a polymeric binder. The particulate polymer includes a plurality of particles, which may have substantially the same material composition as the polymeric binder. The particles of the particulate polymer may be formed in a variety of shapes and/or sizes to provide the bone defect filler with improved pore interconnectivity, material expansion and contamination characteristics, while maintaining sufficient mechanical strength and handling characteristics for bone repair applications. The bone defect filler also provides the flexibility to be molded or shaped in situ to fill the bone defect.

Abstract: Various spinal plating systems for use in treating spinal pathologies are provided. In certain exemplary embodiments, the spinal plating systems can be configured to allow a surgeon to select a bone screw construct having a particular range of motion for attaching a spinal plate to bone as needed based on the intended use. In one exemplary embodiment, the spinal plating system includes a first bone screw that is polyaxially movable relative to the spinal plate, and a second bone screw that has a range of motion that is substantially limited to a single plane.

Abstract: Various spinal plating systems for use in treating spinal pathologies are provided. In certain exemplary embodiments, the spinal plating systems can be configured to allow a surgeon to select a bone screw construct having a particular range of motion for attaching a spinal plate to bone as needed based on the intended use. In one exemplary embodiment, the spinal plating system includes a first bone screw that is polyaxially movable relative to the spinal plate, and a second bone screw that has a range of motion that is substantially limited to a single plane.

Abstract: A method for sternal closure of a separated sternum includes applying an adhesive to a portion of an incision between at least a first sternum portion and at least a second sternum portion and maintaining the first sternum portion proximate to the second sternum portion until the adhesive has bonded with the first sternum portion and the second sternum portion. The adhesive may be applied over substantially the entire length of the incision or may be applied in intervals. The method for sternal closure may also include compressing the first sternum portion and the second sternum portion together using one or more compression devices and introducing adhesive to contact regions where the compressive devices contact the sternum. The method may also include cutting an interface feature in the first and second sternum portions or spanning the incision between the first and second interface portions with a structural support.

Abstract: A method for closing a sternum separated into at least a first sternum portion and a second sternum portion includes preparing at least one cut surface of at least one of the first or second sternum portions to have an adhesive applied thereon. The adhesive is applied to at least a portion of the at least one cut surface. The at least one cut surface is approximated to a second cut surface of the other of the first sternum portion or second sternum portion. As the adhesive cures, it bonds with the first cut surface and the second cut surface. Preparing the at least one cut surface may remove contaminants that could inhibit adhesion of the adhesive. The adhesive may be applied through adhesive injection holes formed along an incision separating the first and second sternum portions. Devices for preparing the cut surfaces and applying the adhesive are also provided.

Abstract: A multi-density polymeric interbody spacer formed from biocompatible material for osteoconductivity includes multiple density regions of different porosity to provide both strength and osteoconductivity. An interface region is formed between the density regions to provide both direct adhesion and mechanical interlocking between the different density regions to increase the strength of the multi-density polymeric interbody spacer. A method for forming the multi-density polymeric interbody spacer includes curing a first density region to achieve a first target porosity. A second density region may then be molded to the first density region to achieve a second target porosity. A portion of the second density region partially flows into pores of the first density region, providing direct adhesion and mechanical interlocking between the first and second density regions.