Abstract: A flavoring sheet with improved physical properties, a smoking article including the same, and methods of producing the flavoring sheet and the smoking article are provided. The flavoring sheet according to some embodiments of the present disclosure may include a hydrocolloid material configured to form a sheet, a flavoring, and a plasticizer. The plasticizer can improve physical properties of the flavoring sheet and thus enhance workability of a process of cutting the flavoring sheet.

Abstract: An electronic vaporizer for generating an aerosol includes a housing to be installed to an electronic device by being coupled to the electronic device through a connecting interface of the electronic device, and including: a connecting interface that receives power from a battery included in the electronic device when coupled to the connecting interface of the electronic device, a liquid storage for storing a liquid aerosol generating material and supplying the liquid aerosol generating material to a wick when the housing is disposed in a predetermined posture, an atomizer that includes a wick and a heater for generating an aerosol by heating the liquid aerosol generating material supplied to the wick, and a control circuit that controls heating of the heater for generating the aerosol, based on the power supplied from the battery.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel including a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, a polarizing member disposed on the first surface of the display panel, a window member disposed on the polarizing member, and a first adhesive member disposed between the window member and the polarizing member and including an ultraviolet light absorber. A side surface of the display panel, a side surface of the polarizing member, and a side surface of the first adhesive member have a first surface roughness, an upper surface of the first adhesive member has a second surface roughness less than the first surface roughness, and the side surface of the display panel, the side surface of the polarizing member, and the side surface of the first adhesive member are aligned at a boundary.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds as autotoxin inhibitors for treatment and prophylaxis of conditions or a disorder caused by autotaxin activation or increased concentration of lysophosphatidic acid, and also a pharmaceutical composition containing the same. The novel compounds of the present invention are autotoxin inhibitors, and by inhibiting the production of lysophosphatidic acid, they are useful for treatment or prophylaxis of cardiovascular disorder, cancer, metabolic disorder, kidney disorder, liver disorder, inflammatory disorder, nervous system disorder, respiratory system disorder, fibrotic disease, ocular disorder, cholestatic and other forms of chronic pruritus, or acute or chronic organ transplant rejection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds as autotoxin inhibitors for treatment and prophylaxis of conditions or a disorder caused by autotaxin activation or increased concentration of lysophosphatidic acid, and also a pharmaceutical composition containing the same. The novel compounds of the present invention are autotoxin inhibitors, and by inhibiting the production of lysophosphatidic acid, they are useful for treatment or prophylaxis of cardiovascular disorder, cancer, metabolic disorder, kidney disorder, liver disorder, inflammatory disorder, nervous system disorder, respiratory system disorder, fibrotic disease, ocular disorder, cholestatic and other forms of chronic pruritus, or acute or chronic organ transplant rejection.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an X-ray imaging apparatus and control method thereof, for guiding the user to intuitively recognize an actual dose of X-rays and select a proper dose, ultimately a condition for low dose of X-ray irradiation by providing the user with information about an actual X-ray dose to which an X-ray filter effect is reflected. In accordance with an aspect of the disclosure, an X-ray imaging apparatus includes: an X-ray source configured to generate and irradiate X-rays according to an X-ray irradiation condition including at least one of a tube voltage, a tube current, or a filter; a display configured to provide a graphic user interface to receive a choice about the X-ray irradiation condition; and a controller configured to obtain a parameter that represents a dose of radiation, to which an influence of the filter is reflected, based on the selected X-ray irradiation condition and control the display to display the parameter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds as autotoxin inhibitors for treatment and prophylaxis of conditions or a disorder caused by autotaxin activation or increased concentration of lysophosphatidic acid, and also a pharmaceutical composition containing the same. The novel compounds of the present invention are autotoxin inhibitors, and by inhibiting the production of lysophosphatidic acid, they are useful for treatment or prophylaxis of cardiovascular disorder, cancer, metabolic disorder, kidney disorder, liver disorder, inflammatory disorder, nervous system disorder, respiratory system disorder, fibrotic disease, ocular disorder, cholestatic and other forms of chronic pruritus, or acute or chronic organ transplant rejection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds as autotoxin inhibitors for treatment and prophylaxis of conditions or a disorder caused by autotaxin activation or increased concentration of lysophosphatidic acid, and also a pharmaceutical composition containing the same. The novel compounds of the present invention are autotoxin inhibitors, and by inhibiting the production of lysophosphatidic acid, they are useful for treatment or prophylaxis of cardiovascular disorder, cancer, metabolic disorder, kidney disorder, liver disorder, inflammatory disorder, nervous system disorder, respiratory system disorder, fibrotic disease, ocular disorder, cholestatic and other forms of chronic pruritus, or acute or chronic organ transplant rejection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds as autotoxin inhibitors for treatment and prophylaxis of conditions or a disorder caused by autotaxin activation or increased concentration of lysophosphatidic acid, and also a pharmaceutical composition containing the same. The novel compounds of the present invention are autotoxin inhibitors, and by inhibiting the production of lysophosphatidic acid, they are useful for treatment or prophylaxis of cardiovascular disorder, cancer, metabolic disorder, kidney disorder, liver disorder, inflammatory disorder, nervous system disorder, respiratory system disorder, fibrotic disease, ocular disorder, cholestatic and other forms of chronic pruritus, or acute or chronic organ transplant rejection.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an X-ray imaging apparatus and control method thereof, for guiding the user to intuitively recognize an actual dose of X-rays and select a proper dose, ultimately a condition for low dose of X-ray irradiation by providing the user with information about an actual X-ray dose to which an X-ray filter effect is reflected. In accordance with an aspect of the disclosure, an X-ray imaging apparatus includes: an X-ray source configured to generate and irradiate X-rays according to an X-ray irradiation condition including at least one of a tube voltage, a tube current, or a filter; a display configured to provide a graphic user interface to receive a choice about the X-ray irradiation condition; and a controller configured to obtain a parameter that represents a dose of radiation, to which an influence of the filter is reflected, based on the selected X-ray irradiation condition and control the display to display the parameter.

Abstract: A spacer for laminoplasty is provided, the spacer including: a first spacer fixed to an upper lamina plate in a state in which an incision surface of the upper laminate plate of a lamina plate of an incised cervical vertebrae is seated on and supported by the first spacer; and a second spacer fixed to a lower lamina plate so that an incision surface of the lower lamina plate of the lamina plate of the incised cervical vertebrae is in contact with and supported by the second spacer, wherein the first spacer and the second spacer are in a coupled state in which they are not separated from each other by a fixed bar, while having expandable lengths with respect to each other.

Abstract: Provided is an intervertebral fusion cage combined with a fixing blade.

Abstract: Provided is an interspinous fusion implant that is capable of fixing a vertebral body having a lesion by using hooking between spinous processes through a minimal incision without using a pedicle screw. The interspinous fusion implant includes an upper hooking member installed to be hooked with one spinous process and a lower hooking member installed to be engaged with another adjacent spinous process. The upper hooking member and the lower hooking member are coupled to each other and then fixed to each other through a fixing bolt after a distance between vertebral bodies having a lesion is reduced by using a separate mechanism.