Abstract: An imaging system includes an illumination device for illuminating a target. A surgical microscope receives light from the target, the surgical microscope comprising at least one optical output port at which at least a portion of the received light is provided as an output from the surgical microscope. A tunable filter receives the portion of the received light provided as the output from the surgical microscope, the tunable filter being tunable to pass a filtered portion of the received light, the filtered portion of the received light having a plurality of wavelengths selected by the tunable filter and provided as output from the tunable filter. A high-resolution, broad-bandwidth electronic camera receives the light of a plurality of wavelengths selected by the tunable filter, the electronic camera converting the light of a plurality of wavelengths selected by the tunable filter to a plurality of electrical signals. A processor processes the plurality of electrical signals to form an image of the target.

Abstract: An imaging system, such as a surgical microscope, laparoscope, or endoscope or integrated with these devices, includes an illuminator providing patterned white light and/or fluorescent stimulus light. The system receives and images light hyperspectrally, in embodiments using a hyperspectral imaging array, and/or using narrowband tunable filters for passing filtered received light to an imager. Embodiments may construct a 3-D surface model from stereo images, and will estimate optical properties of the target using images taken in patterned light or using other approximations obtained from white light exposures. Hyperspectral images taken under stimulus light are displayed as fluorescent images, and corrected for optical properties of tissue to provide quantitative maps of fluorophore concentration. Spectral information from hyperspectral images is processed to provide depth of fluorophore below the tissue surface. Quantitative images of fluorescence at depth are also prepared.

Abstract: A method of generating corrected fluorescence data of concentrations of a targeted fluorophore in tissue of a subject includes administering first and second fluorescent contrast agents to the subject, the first contrast agent targeted to tissue of interest, the second agent untargeted. The tissue is illuminated with light of a first stimulus wavelength and first data is acquired at an appropriate emissions wavelength; the tissue is illuminated at a second stimulus wavelength and second data is acquired at a second emissions wavelength associated with the second agent, the first and second emissions wavelength differ. Difference data is generated by subtracting the second data from the first data. A system provides for stimulus and capture at multiple wavelengths, with image storage memory and subtraction code, to perform the method. Corrected data may form an fluorescence image, or is used to generate fluorescence tomographic images.

Abstract: A method for assessing a cancer status of biological tissue includes the steps of: obtaining a Raman spectrum indicating a Raman spectroscopy response of the biological tissue, the Raman spectrum captured using a fiber-optic probe of a fiber-optic Raman spectroscopy system; inputting the Raman spectrum into a boosted tree classification algorithm of a computer program, and using the boosted tree classification algorithm for comparing, in real-time, the captured Raman spectrum to reference data and assessing the cancer status of the biological tissue based on said comparison, the reference data being previously determined based on a set of reference Raman spectra indicating Raman spectroscopy responses of reference biological tissues wherein each of the reference biological tissues is associated with a known cancer status; and generating a real-time output indicating the assessed cancer status of the biological tissue,

Abstract: An imaging system, such as a surgical microscope, laparoscope, or endoscope or integrated with these devices, includes an illuminator providing patterned white light and/or fluorescent stimulus light. The system receives and images light hyperspectrally, in embodiments using a hyperspectral imaging array, and/or using narrowband tunable filters for passing filtered received light to an imager. Embodiments may construct a 3-D surface model from stereo images, and will estimate optical properties of the target using images taken in patterned light or using other approximations obtained from white light exposures. Hyperspectral images taken under stimulus light are displayed as fluorescent images, and corrected for optical properties of tissue to provide quantitative maps of fluorophore concentration. Spectral information from hyperspectral images is processed to provide depth of fluorophore below the tissue surface. Quantitative images of fluorescence at depth are also prepared.

Abstract: There is described a method of assessing a phenotype of a biological tissue of a patient. The method generally having receiving a Raman emission signal indicative of Raman emission of a portion of said biological tissue; using a feature generator, determining a value of a first feature based on said received Raman emission signal; using a computing device, receiving a value of a clinical parameter associated to the patient; generating a value of a second feature by interacting said value of said first feature with said value of said clinical parameter; using a trained assessment engine, assessing the phenotype of the biological tissue based on at least said value of said second feature; and outputting a signal based on said assessment.

Abstract: There is described a method for performing a Raman spectroscopy measurement on a sample. The method generally has sequentially illuminating an area of said sample with first and second excitation signals, said first excitation signal being slightly spectrally spaced-apart from said second excitation signal, resulting in said area sequentially emitting first and second emission signals; upon receiving said first emission signal, measuring a first intensity value being indicative of optical intensity of said first emission signal within at least a detection band; upon receiving said second emission signal, measuring a second intensity value being indicative of optical intensity of said second emission signal within said detection band; and performing said Raman spectroscopy measurement by comparing said first intensity value to said second intensity value.

Abstract: A system and method for imaging a sample using Raman spectrometry. Optical fibers having opposite first ends and second ends are arranged with the first ends and second ends in respective two-dimensional arrays. The two-dimensional arrays maintain relative positions of the optical fibers to one another from the first ends to the second ends in a way that the first end of each optical fibers of the bundle can simultaneously collect a corresponding Raman signal portion scattered from specific spatial coordinates of the area of the sample. The so-collected Raman signal portions are propagated towards the corresponding second end, from which are outputted and detected simultaneously using an array of detectors.

Abstract: A system and method for imaging a sample using Raman spectrometry. Optical fibers having opposite first ends and second ends are arranged with the first ends and second ends in respective two-dimensional arrays. The two-dimensional arrays maintain relative positions of the optical fibers to one another from the first ends to the second ends in a way that the first end of each optical fibers of the bundle can simultaneously collect a corresponding Raman signal portion scattered from specific spatial coordinates of the area of the sample. The so-collected Raman signal portions are propagated towards the corresponding second end, from which are outputted and detected simultaneously using an array of detectors.

Abstract: An imaging system includes an illumination device for illuminating a target. A surgical microscope receives light from the target, the surgical microscope comprising at least one optical output port at which at least a portion of the received light is provided as an output from the surgical microscope. A tunable filter receives the portion of the received light provided as the output from the surgical microscope, the tunable filter being tunable to pass a filtered portion of the received light, the filtered portion of the received light having a plurality of wavelengths selected by the tunable filter and provided as output from the tunable filter. A high-resolution, broad-bandwidth electronic camera receives the light of a plurality of wavelengths selected by the tunable filter, the electronic camera converting the light of a plurality of wavelengths selected by the tunable filter to a plurality of electrical signals. A processor processes the plurality of electrical signals to form an image of the target.

Abstract: A surgical guidance system has two cameras to provide stereo image stream of a surgical field; and a stereo viewer. The system has a 3D surface extraction module that generates a first 3D model of the surgical field from the stereo image streams; a registration module for co-registering annotating data with the first 3D model; and a stereo image enhancer for graphically overlaying at least part of the annotating data onto the stereo image stream to form an enhanced stereo image stream for display, where the enhanced stereo stream enhances a surgeon's perception of the surgical field. The registration module has an alignment refiner to adjust registration of the annotating data with the 3D model based upon matching of features within the 3D model and features within the annotating data; and in an embodiment, a deformation modeler to deform the annotating data based upon a determined tissue deformation.

Abstract: A method for assessing a cancer status of biological tissue includes the steps of: obtaining a Raman spectrum indicating a Raman spectroscopy response of the biological tissue, the Raman spectrum captured using a fiber-optic probe of a fiber-optic Raman spectroscopy system; inputting the Raman spectrum into a boosted tree classification algorithm of a computer program, and using the boosted tree classification algorithm for comparing, in real-time, the captured Raman spectrum to reference data and assessing the cancer status of the biological tissue based on said comparison, the reference data being previously determined based on a set of reference Raman spectra indicating Raman spectroscopy responses of reference biological tissues wherein each of the reference biological tissues is associated with a known cancer status; and generating a real-time output indicating the assessed cancer status of the biological tissue.

Abstract: The biopsy device generally comprises: a cannula body having a longitudinal axis and a probing region extending along the longitudinal axis, the probing region having a sample receiving window defined therein for receiving a sample of a surrounding tissue when performing a biopsy; and a plurality of optical fibers mounted along an exterior portion of the cannula body, each of the plurality of optical fibers having a fiber end in the probing region of the cannula body, at least one of the plurality of optical fibers being adapted to illuminate the surrounding tissue with an optical signal generated by the at least one light generator and at least one of the plurality of optical fibers being adapted to detect an optical signal response with the at least one light detector, the optical signal response being caused by the propagation of the optical signal in the surrounding tissue.

Abstract: A method of generating corrected fluorescence data of concentrations of a targeted fluorophore in tissue of a subject includes administering first and second fluorescent contrast agents to the subject, the first contrast agent targeted to tissue of interest, the second agent untargeted. The tissue is illuminated with light of a first stimulus wavelength and first data is acquired at an appropriate emissions wavelength; the tissue is illuminated at a second stimulus wavelength and second data is acquired at a second emissions wavelength associated with the second agent, the first and second emissions wavelength differ. Difference data is generated by subtracting the second data from the first data. A system provides for stimulus and capture at multiple wavelengths, with image storage memory and subtraction code, to perform the method. Corrected data may form an fluorescence image, or is used to generate fluorescence tomographic images.

Abstract: A tomographic fluorescent imaging device for imaging fluorophores in biological tissues has a scanned laser for scanning the tissue and a camera for receiving light from the biological tissue at an angle to the beam at a second wavelength ten or more nanometers greater in wavelength than the wavelength of the laser. Use of both intrinsic and extrinsic fluorophores is described. Images are obtained at each of several positions of the beam. An image processing system receives the series of images, models a path of the beam through the tissue, and determines depth of fluorophore in tissue from intersections of the modeled path of the beam and the path of the received light. The laser is of 600 nm or longer wavelength, to provide penetration of tissue. The imaging device is used during surgery to visualize lesions of various types to ensure complete removal of malignant tumors.

Abstract: An imaging system includes an illumination device for illuminating a target. A surgical microscope receives light from the target, the surgical microscope comprising at least one optical output port at which at least a portion of the received light is provided as an output from the surgical microscope. A tunable filter receives the portion of the received light provided as the output from the surgical microscope, the tunable filter being tunable to pass a filtered portion of the received light, the filtered portion of the received light having a plurality of wavelengths selected by the tunable filter and provided as output from the tunable filter. A high-resolution, broad-bandwidth electronic camera receives the light of a plurality of wavelengths selected by the tunable filter, the electronic camera converting the light of a plurality of wavelengths selected by the tunable filter to a plurality of electrical signals. A processor processes the plurality of electrical signals to form an image of the target.

Abstract: A method of optically imaging an object includes the determination of a source point and a destination point within the object. Planar boundaries are selected that approximate a geometrical shape of the object, and virtual sources are found using a reflection of the original source through the boundaries. Subsequent reflections of the added sources may be used to find higher order sources. Contributions to an optical transfer function from each of the added sources are added to determine a cumulative optical transfer function until a convergence limit is reached. The resulting optical transfer function is more accurate than the original in that it takes boundary phenomena into consideration.

Abstract: A tomographic fluorescent imaging device for imaging fluorophores in biological tissues has a scanned laser for scanning the tissue and a camera for receiving light from the biological tissue at an angle to the beam at a second wavelength ten or more nanometers greater in wavelength than the wavelength of the laser. Use of both intrinsic and extrinsic fluorophores is described. Images are obtained at each of several positions of the beam. An image processing system receives the series of images, models a path of the beam through the tissue, and determines depth of fluorophore in tissue from intersections of the modeled path of the beam and the path of the received light. The laser is of 600 nm or longer wavelength, to provide penetration of tissue. The imaging device is used during surgery to visualize lesions of various types to ensure complete removal of malignant tumors.

Abstract: A fluorescence optical tomography system and method uses a photon migration model calculator for which absorption and reduced scattering coefficient values are determined for each source/detector pair. The coefficient values may be determined by measurement, in which a time resolved detector detects the excitation wavelength and generates temporal point spread functions from which the coefficient values are found. Alternatively, the coefficient values may be determined by calculating them from a dataset containing a spatial distribution of absorption and reduced scattering coefficients in a volume of interest. The fluorescence detection may be continuous wave, time resolved, or a combination of the two. An estimator uses a detected fluorescence signal and an estimated fluorescence signal to estimate the image values.

Abstract: A method of optically imaging an object includes the determination of a source point and a destination point within the object. Planar boundaries are selected that approximate a geometrical shape of the object, and virtual sources are found using a reflection of the original source through the boundaries. Subsequent reflections of the added sources may be used to find higher order sources. Contributions to an optical transfer function from each of the added sources are added to determine a cumulative optical transfer function until a convergence limit is reached. The resulting optical transfer function is more accurate than the original in that it takes boundary phenomena into consideration.