Abstract: The disclosure provides a drug composition formulated for inhalation comprising a conjugate of a surface active agent and a pulmonary active drug. The surface active agent has an affinity for the human alveolar/gas interface and comprises at least a portion of a mammalian lung surfactant of a mimic thereof. The disclosure also provides a method of treating a subject suffering from or at risk of suffering from a lung disease comprising administering to the subject a conjugate comprising a drug for lung treatment and a surface active agent by inhalation in an amount effective to induce a drug effect in the lungs.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a drug composition formulated for inhalation comprising a conjugate of a surface active agent and a pulmonary active drug. The surface active agent has an affinity for the human alveolar/gas interface and comprises at least a portion of a mammalian lung surfactant of a mimic thereof. The disclosure also provides a method of treating a subject suffering from or at risk of suffering from a lung disease comprising administering to the subject a conjugate comprising a drug for lung treatment and a surface active agent by inhalation in an amount effective to induce a drug effect in the lungs.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a drug composition formulated for inhalation comprising a conjugate of a surface active agent and a pulmonary active drug. The surface active agent has an affinity for the human alveolar/gas interface and comprises at least a portion of a mammalian lung surfactant of a mimic thereof. The disclosure also provides a method of treating a subject suffering from or at risk of suffering from a lung disease comprising administering to the subject a conjugate comprising a drug for lung treatment and a surface active agent by inhalation in an amount effective to induce a drug effect in the lungs.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a drug composition formulated for inhalation comprising a conjugate of a surface active agent and a pulmonary active drug. The surface active agent has an affinity for the human alveolar/gas interface and comprises at least a portion of a mammalian lung surfactant of a mimic thereof. The disclosure also provides a method of treating a subject suffering from or at risk of suffering from a lung disease comprising administering to the subject a conjugate comprising a drug for lung treatment and a surface active agent by inhalation in an amount effective to induce a drug effect in the lungs.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a drug composition formulated for inhalation comprising a conjugate of a surface active agent and a pulmonary active drug. The surface active agent has an affinity for the human alveolar/gas interface and comprises at least a portion of a mammalian lung surfactant of a mimic thereof. The disclosure also provides a method of treating a subject suffering from or at risk of suffering from a lung disease comprising administering to the subject a conjugate comprising a drug for lung treatment and a surface active agent by inhalation in an amount effective to induce a drug effect in the lungs.

Abstract: Methods and systems of analyzing positions and orientations of molecular fragments to generate macromolecular binding ligands, including analyzing the positions and orientations of molecular fragments in relation to other molecular fragments to bond the molecular fragments to form ligands.

Abstract: Provided is a computer-implemented method of analyzing a macromolecule for potential binding sites that includes: positioning an instance of a computer representation of a molecule or molecular fragment at a plurality of sampling sites of the macromolecule; selecting a value of B, wherein B=&mgr;′/kT+1n<N>, where &mgr;′ is the excess chemical potential, k is Boltzmann's constant, T is the absolute temperature, and <N>is the mean number of molecules of the molecule or molecular fragment; repositioning the instances of the molecule or molecular fragment; accepting or rejecting each instance of the repositioned molecule or molecular fragment based on the Metropolis sampling criteria using the computed binding energy compared to the selected value of B; repeating these steps at a lesser value of B; outputting a list of unrejected instances of the molecule or molecular fragment, wherein the molecule or molecular fragment is an organic fragment; and outputting a list of one

Abstract: Methods for chemical ligation and synthesis of peptides and polypeptides including membrane polypeptides and hydrophobic peptides and polypeptides or membrane polypeptide domains in a multiphase solvent mixture comprising at least two component solvents; compositions produced using these methods and assays performed using these compositions.

Abstract: Provided are, among other things, devices for and methods for performing thermal signature assays on a two or more samples in an array, using active/control base thermopiles, the method comprising: [a] performing a heat transfer to the two or more samples in each of a two or more containers, using at least one base thermopile in thermal communication with the two or more containers; and [b] determining a total heat transferred to the samples by the base thermopile in step [a]; and [c] sensing in real time a temperature difference between a first sample and a second sample of the two or more samples resulting from performing step [a].

Abstract: The present invention relates to a DNA-based computer which is able to perm mathematical calculations such as addition as well as logical operations. It is based, at least in part, on the discovery that DNA molecules can be used to perform operations analogous to "bit-flipping" in computers. This capability, referred to herein as "molecular bit-flipping", derives from the complementary nature of DNA sequences. According to the present invention, input data are each represented by single-stranded DNA molecules. Complementary DNA sequences are incorporated such that input molecules, which bear a relationship defined by the operation, hybridize and permit one or more template DNA strands to serve as templates for primer extension. Primer extension, in turn, creates a result DNA molecule which represents the output data, and may be read using straightforward molecular biological techniques.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for generating possible conformations of a molecule comprising the steps of:a) selecting a first conformation of the molecule characterized by a first set of coordinates associated with each atom in the molecule by the presence of a pattern of forces among such atoms and by a series of intrinsic forces associated with each atom;b) varying the pattern of forces among such atoms in a non-random manner and randomly varying the series of intrinsic forces associated with each atom so as to generate a second conformation of the molecule characterized by a second set of coordinates associated with each atom in the molecule, by a second pattern of forces among each atom and by a second series of intrinsic forces associated with each atom; andc) randomly varying the second set of coordinates so as to obtain a third set of coordinates and thereby generating such possible conformations of the molecule.