Abstract: A method of partial, rapid and direct genetic and epigenetic reprogramming of biological cells without returning to the embryonic state can partially reprogram a cell to be treated to specifically modify the biological age of said cell to be treated without causing functional de-differentiation of said cell to be treated, said cell to be treated always remaining as a specialized functional cell that is immunologically autologous to the donor tissue from which said cell to be treated is derived, and for which the phenotype is preserved and/or rejuvenated.

Abstract: A method of partial, rapid and direct genetic and epigenetic reprogramming of biological cells without returning to the embryonic state can partially reprogram a cell to be treated to specifically modify the biological age of said cell to be treated without causing functional de-differentiation of said cell to be treated, said cell to be treated always remaining as a specialized functional cell that is immunologically autologous to the donor tissue from which said cell to be treated is derived, and for which the phenotype is preserved and/or rejuvenated.

Abstract: Programmable and implantable automatic heart stimulation device (OIST) for controlling the heart, accompanied by a marked increase in the contractility of the myocardial cells on each beat produced by an optimized post-extrasystolic potentiation effect. The OIST does not cause lasting fatigue of the myocardium, markedly increases the coronary rate instantaneously and durably, causes dilatation of the walls to regress and opposes thromboses and arrhythmia. The OIST creates a genetic involution of the pathological process either by the mere effect of the mechanosensitivity of specific genetic expressions or by the addition of partial autologous cell dedifferentiation, obtained by original genetic manipulation which induces physiological an anatomical regeneration. This method also allows physiological auto-contractile living arterial stents, in particular coronary stents to be created, as well as the grafting of dedifferentiated myocardial cells.

Abstract: A heart stimulation device that markedly increases the coronary rate instantaneously and durably, causes dilatation of the walls to regress and opposes thromboses and arrhythmia. The device causes genetic involution of pathological processes by affecting the mechanosensitivity of specific genetic expressions or by addition of partial autologous cell dedifferentiation, obtained by original genetic manipulation which induces physiologic and anatomical regeneration. Processes for preparing cells which can be reimplanted prophylactically or therapeutically, wherein a nucleus of a differentiated cell is transported in an oocyte from a homologous or heterologous mammal or human, so as to induce stages of mitosis in the transferred nucleus, wherein this nucleus in mitosis is then removed from the oocyte before its cell division and then this partially dedifferentiated nucleus is introduced into a differentiated receiving cell. Also provided are physiological auto-contractile living arterial stents (e.g.

Abstract: Programmable and implantable automatic heart stimulation device (OIST) for controlling the heart, accompanied by a marked increase in the contractility of the myocardial cells on each beat produced by an optimized post-extrasystolic potentiation effect. The OIST does not cause lasting fatigue of the myocardium, markedly increases the coronary rate instantaneously and durably, causes dilatation of the walls to regress and opposes thromboses and arrhythmia. The OIST creates a genetic involution of the pathological process either by the mere effect of the mechanosensitivity of specific genetic expressions or by the addition of partial autologous cell dedifferentiation, obtained by original genetic manipulation which induces physiological an anatomical regeneration. This method also allows physiological auto-contractile living arterial stents, in particular coronary stents to be created, as well as the grafting of dedifferentiated myocardial cells.

Abstract: Skeletal implant of the type to be used to connect at least two elements of a skeleton. The skeletal implant includes a first part adapted to be connected to at least one of the at least two elements of the skeleton. A second part is adapted to be connected to another of the at least two elements of the skeleton. A variable volume element is adapted to move the first and second parts with respect to each other. A high-pressure chamber supplies fluid to the variable volume element. A low-pressure chamber receives fluid from the variable volume element. A recharging variable volume element is adapted to communicate with the high-pressure chamber and the low-pressure chamber. The recharging variable volume element is responsive to displacements of corporal parts of a user and recharges the high-pressure chamber with fluid. This Abstract is not intended to define the invention disclosed in the specification, nor intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

Abstract: Skeletal implant of the type to be used for connecting at least two elements of the skeleton. The implant has two parts. Each of the parts is capable of being connected to one of the elements. The implant also uses at least one shock-absorbing device located between the at least two parts. The shock-absorbing device has an adjustable coefficient of resistance.

Abstract: The invention relates to an intervertebral and intravertebral fixation making exclusive use of this space. The vertebral fixation uses rods or screws perpendicular to the articular faces of the vertebrae, which rods or screws are introduced by the conventional posterior or lateral spinal surgical routes. An artificial discal articulation can be placed between these vertebral fixators using these same posterior routes, the fixation being adjustable or self-adjustable according to movements of the patient. Surgical implantation thus becomes quick, without subjecting the patient to a major intervention.

Abstract: Skeletal implant of the type to be used for connecting at least two elements of the skeleton. The implant has at least two parts. Each of the parts is capable of being connected to one of the elements. The implant also uses at least one shock-absorbing device located between the at least two parts. The shock-absorbing device has an adjustable coefficient of resistance.

Abstract: Device for protection against blood-related disorders, notably thromboses, embolisms, vascular spasms, hemorrhages, hemopathies and the presence of abnormal elements in the blood. The device, which is completely implantable, has means (1, 14, 15) for the automatic measurement of biological parameters of the blood, particularly pertaining to blood crasis and/or hemodynamics and/or the myocardium and/or the arteries and/or components present in the blood, implanted observation means, threshold means for comparing the parameter measured value, and means which automatically deliver a suitable treatment, for example a fibrinolytic treatment. This device has means for acquisition and treatment of the cardiac rhythm.

Abstract: The implantable device, of the Holter intervention type, permits the detection and the polygraphic analysis (ECG, TA, haemodynamics, resonant frequencies), of the cardiovascular parameters, especially in the active sequence of current cycles, permitting the instantaneous activation of a cardiac electrical or neurovegetative or pharmacological stimulation. The device comprises automatic adaptation means permitting the active permanent monitoring of the hearts treated, repaired by prosthesis (especially valvular, arterial or myocardial), or repaired by transgenic tissue graft (including a graft in the presence of specific growth factors such as FGF).

Abstract: A process for aiding the operation of the heart muscle comprising periodically sending to the heart during at least certain heart cycles sub-threshold test impulses and detecting whether there occurs a systole in response during a time window following the test impulse. In the case of a response, the heart is stimulated at a frequency higher than the heart frequency in course of operation.

Abstract: Device and method for stimulating the heart. The device comprises means for producing stimulating pulses at regular intervals and means responsive to spontaneous heart signals for controlling the transmission of said pulses to the heart in dependence upon the timing and magnitude of the spontaneous heart signals and/or the average intramyocardial pressure. The method comprises producing stimulating pulses at regular intervals and controlling the transmission of stimulating pulses, in response to spontaneous heart signals, in dependence on the timing and magnitude of the spontaneous heart signals. In the absence of spontaneous heart signals, stimulating pulses are produced at predetermined intervals. When spontaneous heart signals occur, an adjustable waiting period is introduced in which to allow a second spontaneous signal instead of a stimulating pulse. The duration of the waiting period is varied as a function of the interval of time which separates two consecutive spontaneous detected signals (i.e.