Abstract: This invention relates to a process for converting a hydrocarbon reactant to a product comprising an oxygenate or a nitrile, the process comprising: (A) flowing a reactant composition comprising the hydrocarbon reactant, and oxygen or a source of oxygen, and optionally ammonia, through a microchannel reactor in contact with a catalyst to convert the hydrocarbon reactant to the product, the hydrocarbon reactant undergoing an exothermic reaction in the microchannel reactor; (B) transferring heat from the microchannel reactor to a heat exchanger during step (A); and (C) quenching the product from step (A).

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for converting a hydrocarbon reactant to a product comprising an oxygenate or a nitrile, the process comprising: (A) flowing a reactant composition comprising the hydrocarbon reactant, and oxygen or a source of oxygen, and optionally ammonia, through a microchannel reactor in contact with a catalyst to convert the hydrocarbon reactant to the product, the hydrocarbon reactant undergoing an exothermic reaction in the microchannel reactor; (B) transferring heat from the microchannel reactor to a heat exchanger during step (A); and (C) quenching the product from step (A).

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for converting a hydrocarbon reactant to a product comprising an oxygenate or a nitrile, the process comprising: (A) flowing a reactant composition comprising the hydrocarbon reactant, and oxygen or a source of oxygen, and optionally ammonia, through a microchannel reactor in contact with a catalyst to convert the hydrocarbon reactant to the product, the hydrocarbon reactant undergoing an exothermic reaction in the microchannel reactor; (B) transferring heat from the microchannel reactor to a heat exchanger during step (A); and (C) quenching the product from step (A).

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for converting a hydrocarbon reactant to a product comprising an oxygenate or a nitrile, the process comprising: (A) flowing a reactant composition comprising the hydrocarbon reactant, and oxygen or a source of oxygen, and optionally ammonia, through a microchannel reactor in contact with a catalyst to convert the hydrocarbon reactant to the product, the hydrocarbon reactant undergoing an exothermic reaction in the microchannel reactor; (B) transferring heat from the microchannel reactor to a heat exchanger during step (A); and (C) quenching the product from step (A).

Abstract: A process for producing an ester is disclosed comprising contacting a gaseous reactant containing at least one organic hydroxy compound and a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen with an ester synthesis catalyst of the formulaM.sub.a A.sub.b RuCu.sub.c N.sub.z O.sub.xwhereinM is selected from the group consisting of Ce, Cr, Fe, Mn and mixtures thereof,A is an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or mixture thereof,a is from 0 to about 1,b is from 0.002 to about 10,c is from 0.2 to about 20,z is from 0 to about 196 by weight,x is the number of oxygens needed to fulfill the valence requirements of the other elements.The organic hydroxy compound can be provided separately or formed by contacting a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen with an alcohol synthesis catalyst at an elevated temperature and pressure. The alcohol synthesis catalyst and ester synthesis catalyst can be in tandem or mixed.

Abstract: A new catalyst system for the conversion of short-chain aliphatic alcohols to hydrocarbon having the formula[M].sup.m+ [X.sup.p+ Y.sub.a Z.sub.12-a O.sub.40 ].sup.-(8-p)wherein M is selected from at least one element from Group IIIA including lanthanides and actinides, or mixtures thereof,X is at least one element selected from P, Si, As, Ti, Zr, B, Co, Cu or Sn,Y and Z are independently selected from W, Mo, or V, P=is the valence of X usually within 2 to 5,m=8-pO<a.ltoreq.12.

Abstract: A process for the selective hydrocarboxylation of propylene to produce predominantly isobutyric acid in the liquid phase is provided. The reaction of propylene, carbon monoxide and water is effected at a temperature of about 10.degree. C. to about 80.degree. C. and at a pressure of about 75 psi to about 1500 psi in the presence of a strong acid and a metal phthalocyanine co-catalyst.

Abstract: Gas mixtures containing at least hydrogen and carbon monoxide are prepared by reforming hydrocarbons in the presence of a catalyst impregnated on a specially prepared porous catalyst support. In one embodiment of the present invention, methane is reformed in a process to produce a product gas mixture containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst comprising a porous catalytic support having a surface area greater than 1 to less than about 350 m.sup.2 /gm and a pore volume of about 0.4 to about 3 cc/gm and at least one Group VIII metal or mixture thereof on the pore surface of the support.

Abstract: A new catalyst system for the conversion of short-chain aliphatic alcohols to hydrocarbons having the formula[ML.sub.q ].sub.b.sup.m+ [N].sub.d.sup.n+ [X.sup.p+ Y.sub.a Z.sub.(12-a) O.sub.40 ].sup.-(8-p)wherein:[ML] is an organometallic compound where M is at least one metal selected from Group IIIA, IVA, VA, IB, IIB, IVB, VB, VIA, Fe, Co, and Ni; and L is an organic ligand,N is a positively charged species including a positively charged organic ligand,X is at least one element selected from P, Si, As, Ti, Zr, B, Co, Cu or Sn,Y and Z are independently selected from W, Mo, or V,m+n=[-pq=1-6O<a.ltoreq.12O.ltoreq.d<3b=1 to 3.

Abstract: A molecular sieving metallosilicate is disclosed which comprises a complex represented in terms of mole ratios of oxides by the formula: ##STR1## wherein A is an ammonium, alkyl ammonium, alkyl phosphonium or alkyl arsonium ion; D is an alkali or alkaline earth metal ion or a mixture of two or more thereof; E is selected from the group consisting of Al, B, Mo, W, Fe, or a mixture of two or more thereof; M is a tetravalent metal selected from the Lanthanide or Actinide series; a is a number ranging from zero to about 25; b is a number ranging from zero to about 1.5; c is a number ranging from zero to about 0.3; d is a number ranging from about 20 to about 500; e is a number ranging from zero to about 200. The X-ray diffraction pattern for these metallosilicates indicates a ZSM-5 like crystalline structure. A method for making these metallosilicates, and a method for dehydrating and reforming methanol using these metallosilicates are disclosed.

Abstract: A process is provided for the upgrading of synthesis gas to hydrocarbons and oxygenated hydrocarbons, particularly olefins and carboxylic acids by contacting synthesis gas with catalysts comprising the mixed oxides of ruthenium, copper, an alkali or alkaline earth metal, and optionally a metal selected from Ce, Cr, Fe, Mn, Mo, Th, Zn or mixtures thereof. The synthesis gas upgrading product may be contacted with a hydrogenation catalyst to provide alkanes, alcohols and esters, useful for fuels.

Abstract: A process for the selective hydrocarboxylation of propylene to produce predominantly isobutyric acid in the liquid phase is provided. The reaction of propylene, carbon monoxide and water is effected at a temperature of about 75.degree. C. to about 150.degree. C. and at a pressure of about 250 psi to about 5000 psi in the presence of a suitable solvent and a catalyst comprising palladium or a palladium compound supported on an inert carrier, an organo-arsine ligand compound and a hydrogen halide.

Abstract: A yttrium-silicate molecular sieve is disclosed which comprises a complex represented in terms of mole ratios of oxides as follows:aA.sub.2 O:Y.sub.2 O.sub.3 :bSiO.sub.2 :cH.sub.2 Owherein A is an alkali metal; a is a number ranging from about 0.5 to about 20; b is a number ranging from about 2 to about 400; and c is a number ranging from about 1 to about 500.

Abstract: A process is provided for the reforming of alcohols, particularly methanol, in the presence of Group VIIA and VIIIA metal carbides at elevated temperature.

Abstract: A catalyst is disclosed which comprises a ruthenium-copper-containing complex of the formulaM.sub.a A.sub.b RuCu.sub.c N.sub.z O.sub.xwhereinM is selected from the group consisting of Ce, Cr, Fe, Mn, and mixtures thereof,A is an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or mixture thereof,a is from 0 to about 1,b is from about 0.002 to about 10,c is from about 0.2 to about 20,z is from 0 to about 1% by weight,x is the number of oxygens needed to fulfill the valence requirements of the other elements, said complex being supported by an activated carbon support having a surface area of at least about 300 square meters per gram.A process for converting mixtures of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, particularly synthesis gas, to alcohol with minimal levels of hydrocarbon by-products being formed is also disclosed.

Abstract: A new catalyst system for the conversion of short-chain aliphatic alcohols to hydrocarbons having the formula[ML.sub.q ].sub.b.sup.m+ [N].sub.d.sup.n+ [X.sup.p+ Y.sub.a Z.sub.(12-a) O.sub.40 ].sup.-(8-p)wherein:[ML] is an organometallic compound where M is at least one metal selected from Group IIIA, IVA, VA, IB, IIB, IVB, VB, VIA, Fe, Co, and Ni; and L is an organic ligand,N is a positively charged species including a positively charged organic ligand,X is at least one element selected from P, Si, As, Ti, Zr, B, Co, Cu or Sn,Y and Z are independently selected from W, Mo, or V,m+n=8-pq=1-6O<a.ltoreq.12O.ltoreq.d<3b=1 to 3.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for making molecular sieving high silica mordenite comprising the steps of:(A) providing a mixture comprising: water; an oxide of silicon source; an oxide of aluminum source; a mineralizing agent; and a synthesis directing nitrogen containing organic dye; and(B) maintaining said mixture at a temperature of about 80.degree. C. to about 300.degree. C. for an effective period of time to provide said mordenite.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for making a silica molecular sieve comprising:(A) providing a mixture comprising: water; an oxide, hydroxide or alkoxide of silicon; a mineralizing agent; and a synthesis directing nitrogen containing organic dye; and(B) maintaining said mixture at a temperature of about 80.degree. C. to about 300.degree. C. for an effective period of time to provide said silica molecular sieve.

Abstract: A method for preparing a molecular sieving metallosilicate is disclosed which comprises(A) providing a mixture comprising: water; an oxide of silicon source; a mineralizing agent and/or synthesis directing agent; and a heteropolymetallate of the formulaA.sub.a L.sub.l M.sub.m J.sub.z O.sub.y .dH.sub.

Abstract: A catalyst is disclosed which comprises a ruthenium-copper-containing complex of the formulaM.sub.a A.sub.b RuCu.sub.c N.sub.z O.sub.xwhereinM is selected from the group consisting of Ce, Cr, Fe, Mn, and mixtures thereof,A is an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or mixture thereof,a is from 0 to about 1,b is from about 0.002 to about 10,c is from about 0.2 to about 20,z is from 0 to about 1% by weight,x is the number of oxygens needed to fulfill the valence requirements of the other elements, said complex being supported by an activated carbon support having a surface area of at least about 300 square meters per gram. A process for converting mixtures of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, particularly synthesis gas, to alcohol with minimal levels of hydrocarbon by-products being formed is also disclosed.