Abstract: The LED backlighting panel includes a roughened flat surface area and side edges with holes therein for receiving light emitting diodes that are supplied from a direct current power source which can have an adjustable duty cycle to provide a backlighting panel that has a minimal power consumption in a liquid crystal display (LCD) module.

Abstract: The adapter is adapted to convert a metal encapsulated device, such as an implantable cardiac pacer to an externally worn cardiac pacer whereby a physician can try various pacers before selecting an appropriate implantable cardiac pacer to meet the pacing needs of a patient and before implantation of any cardiac pacer. The adapter comprises a housing and a mechanism within the housing which is in direct electrical contact with the pacer and which secures the pacer within the housing in an electrically conductive manner. The adapter further comprises an interfacing mechanism for securing a conductive lead assembly to the housing in an electrically conductive manner and for electrically connecting the lead assembly to the pacer within the housing in an electrically conductive manner.