Abstract: A system for program synthesis using annotations based on enumeration patterns includes a memory device for storing program code, and at least one processor device operatively coupled to the memory device. The at least one processor device is configured to execute program code stored on the memory device to obtain a set of annotated terms including one or more terms each annotated with an enumeration pattern, translate problem text into a formal specification using natural language processing, the formal specification being described as a set of rules associated with predicates, and synthesize one or more terms satisfying the set of rules of the formal specification based on the set of annotated terms to generate a computer program.

Abstract: Computer hardware and/or software that performs the following operations: (i) identifying a test input for a system under test, the system under test configured to determine a strength of a relationship between received inputs; (ii) determining, from a data store of potential inputs, a set of inputs for which the strength of the relationship to the identified test input according to the system under test meets a first threshold; and (iii) utilizing the determined set of inputs to test a transitive consistency of an output of the system under test.

Abstract: A computer implemented method of hypothesis scoring based on causal relationships is provided. The computer implemented method includes creating a causal relationship model utilizing a plurality of hypotheses and a causal relationship between each of two or more pairs of hypotheses, and obtaining pro and con sentiment scores for each hypothesis utilizing a scoring function. The computer implemented method further includes assigning the obtained pro and con sentiment scores to each hypothesis in the causal relationship model, and propagating the pro and con sentiment scores from leaf hypotheses to a root hypothesis utilizing axioms to test the propagating scores for reasonableness. The computer implemented method further includes determining a final pro and con score for the root hypothesis, and presenting the final pro and con scores representing a prediction of the hypotheses to a user.

Abstract: An example operation may include one or more of receiving a resource request from a client, identifying a unique chaincode identifier associated with the resource request, re-instantiating a version of chaincode based on the unique chaincode identifier, the re-instantiation configured to disregard any subsequently implemented versions of the chaincode at the computing node, executing the resource request based on the re-instantiated version of the chaincode to generate a result, and transmitting the result to the client.

Abstract: An example operation may include one or more of receiving a resource request from a client, identifying a unique chaincode identifier associated with the resource request, re-instantiating a version of chaincode based on the unique chaincode identifier, the re-instantiation configured to disregard any subsequently implemented versions of the chaincode at the computing node, executing the resource request based on the re-instantiated version of the chaincode to generate a result, and transmitting the result to the client.

Abstract: Smart contract code is verified by storing smart contract code, identifying a type system for verifying a determinism of the smart contract code based on a first set of security-level values and a second set of security level values, and verifying the determinism of the smart contract code by taking the first set of security-level values as deterministic values and the second set of security level values as non-deterministic values.

Abstract: An example operation may include one or more of receiving a uniform resource indicator (URI) of a blockchain peer node that has access to a blockchain distributed among a plurality of blockchain peer nodes, identifying blockchain channel identification information which identifies a unique channel name associated with the blockchain, generating a blockchain-based URI that includes an identification of the URI of the blockchain peer node and the channel name associated with the blockchain, and storing the generated blockchain-based URI on a distributed ledger.

Abstract: A processor may assign a bridging blockchain client. The bridging blockchain client may link a first system to a second system. The first and second systems may be on one or more blockchains. The processor may identify that an exchange has been initiated. The processor may generate one or more assets in response to the exchange. The processor may process the exchange. The processing of the exchange may include the bridging blockchain client accepting a probability of failure of the exchange.

Abstract: An example operation may include one or more of receiving a uniform resource indicator (URI) of a blockchain peer node that has access to a blockchain distributed among a plurality of blockchain peer nodes, identifying blockchain channel identification information which identifies a unique channel name associated with the blockchain, generating a blockchain-based URI that includes an identification of the URI of the blockchain peer node and the channel name associated with the blockchain, and storing the generated blockchain-based URI on a distributed ledger.

Abstract: Methods and systems for text classification include identifying a text sample, classified according to a first class in a set of hierarchical graphs of classes, that is more similar to a second class in the set of hierarchical graphs of classes than to the first class according to a similarity metric. A word is deleted from the identified text sample that is associated with the second class. A word is added to the identified text sample that is associated with the first class. A text classification model is trained using the text sample as training data. Text classification is performed on an input text using the trained text classification model implemented on a processor device.

Abstract: Methods, computer systems, and computer program products are provided for generating one or more condition sets from one or more documents. The method includes recognizing one or more paragraphs in each document having one or more listing and nested paragraphs and generating one or more paragraph trees wherein each node in the paragraph tree corresponds to a paragraph text in the document. The method further includes extracting one or more conditions as a logical formula from each paragraph text comprising a condition expression; and obtaining one or more condition sets written by a set of logical formulas from the one or more extracted conditions, according to a set of child nodes belonging to each common parent node in each of the paragraph trees; generating one condition set used for quality inspection, for each of the one or more condition sets written by the set of logical formulas.

Abstract: A method for emergency communication includes encoding a message for visual display including a message to field and a message from field. The visual display is revealed to a reading device in communication with a broadcast center, which stores the visual display. The messages are decoded and sorted from visual displays at the broadcast center. On an index channel, a time and channel number for when a message body of the message will be broadcast on a message channel is broadcasted. The message body is broadcasted on the message channel.

Abstract: An example operation may include one or more of receiving a unique identifier of a blockchain system resource from among a plurality of blockchain system resources associated with a blockchain, generating a notification board for the blockchain which is implemented independently from the blockchain and stored on a distributed ledger including the blockchain, and storing the unique identifier of the blockchain resource and a blockchain ID within the notification board on the distributed ledger.

Abstract: Smart contract code is verified by storing smart contract code, identifying a type system for verifying a determinism of the smart contract code based on a first set of security-level values and a second set of security level values, and verifying the determinism of the smart contract code by taking the first set of security-level values as deterministic values and the second set of security level values as non-deterministic values.

Abstract: A system for program synthesis using annotations based on enumeration patterns includes a memory device for storing program code, and at least one processor device operatively coupled to the memory device. The at least one processor device is configured to execute program code stored on the memory device to obtain a set of annotated terms including one or more terms each annotated with an enumeration pattern, translate problem text into a formal specification using natural language processing, the formal specification being described as a set of rules associated with predicates, and synthesize one or more terms satisfying the set of rules of the formal specification based on the set of annotated terms to generate a computer program.

Abstract: An example operation may include one or more of receiving a uniform resource indicator (URI) of a blockchain peer node that has access to a blockchain distributed among a plurality of blockchain peer nodes, identifying blockchain channel identification information which identifies a unique channel name associated with the blockchain, generating a blockchain-based URI that includes an identification of the URI of the blockchain peer node and the channel name associated with the blockchain, and storing the generated blockchain-based URI on a distributed ledger.

Abstract: An example operation may include one or more of receiving a resource request from a client, identifying a unique chaincode identifier associated with the resource request, re-instantiating a version of chaincode based on the unique chaincode identifier, the re-instantiation configured to disregard any subsequently implemented versions of the chaincode at the computing node, executing the resource request based on the re-instantiated version of the chaincode to generate a result, and transmitting the result to the client.

Abstract: An example operation may include one or more of receiving a unique identifier of a blockchain system resource from among a plurality of blockchain system resources associated with a blockchain, generating a notification board for the blockchain which is implemented independently from the blockchain and stored on a distributed ledger including the blockchain, and storing the unique identifier of the blockchain resource and a blockchain ID within the notification board on the distributed ledger.

Abstract: A method for emergency communication includes encoding a message for visual display including a message to field and a message from field. The visual display is revealed to a reading device in communication with a broadcast center, which stores the visual display. The messages are decoded and sorted from visual displays at the broadcast center. On an index channel, a time and channel number for when a message body of the message will be broadcast on a message channel is broadcasted. The message body is broadcasted on the message channel.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus, an information processing method, and a computer program product for searching for equivalent input values that result in not equivalent output values among two or more programs, the information processing apparatus configured to: retrieve two or more programs from a program database; generate a first constraint; generate a second constraint; generate a first constraint condition that evaluates to true; execute a constraint solver using the first constraint condition to obtain the first input and the second input; execute the target program using the first input value to generate the first output value and execute the refactored program using the second input value to generate the second output value; determine whether the first output value is not equivalent to the second output value; and output a notification providing the first input value and the second input value.