Abstract: A pulsed fiber laser and associated electronics contained in a miniature package is disclosed. The Pulsed Fiber Laser Source (PFLS) can be a single-stage high gain master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) type fiber laser source. The PFLS can include a distributed feedback (DFB) laser, a narrowband optical filter, a broad area high-power pump diode, and Erbium/Ytterbium (Er/Yb) double cladding doped fiber. Input electrical pulses drive the DFB laser diode to emit optical pulses that are then amplified by the optical amplifier. Active and passive cooling elements may be incorporated for continuous operation without rest time. Passive cooling for intermittent pulsed applications allows the laser source to be miniaturized by eliminating active cooling elements and associated power supplies and controllers. Low duty cycle relaxes drive requirements and further reduces the size.

Abstract: A pulse train generator for generating laser pulses comprises a laser setup with a cavity, an electro-optic switch for switching the pulses in and out from the cavity. The electro-optic switch and a control element are designed and connected for switching out laser pulses with a first repetition rate thereby forming a sequence of laser pulses. Said sequence of laser pulses is repeated with a second repetition rate, thereby forming a repeating sequence of laser pulses. A potential function with at least two steps or a switch setup with two electro-optic modulators are used to operate the setup with the second repetition rate.

Abstract: A pulsed fiber laser and associated electronics contained in a miniature package is disclosed. The Pulsed Fiber Laser Source (PFLS) can be a single-stage high gain master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) type fiber laser source. The PFLS can include a distributed feedback (DFB) laser, a narrowband optical filter, a broad area high-power pump diode, and Erbium/Ytterbium (Er/Yb) double cladding doped fiber. Input electrical pulses drive the DFB laser diode to emit optical pulses that are then amplified by the optical amplifier. Active and passive cooling elements may be incorporated for continuous operation without rest time. Passive cooling for intermittent pulsed applications allows the laser source to be miniaturized by eliminating active cooling elements and associated power supplies and controllers. Low duty cycle relaxes drive requirements and further reduces the size.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of hermetically sealing a pump module for a double cladded fiber in a pump module. The apparatus includes a hermetic pump module for coupling light from a pump source into an optical waveguide. The hermetic pump module includes a hermetically sealed housing, wherein the hermetically sealed housing contains an all-glass double cladded fiber with an outer cladding, an inner cladding, and a core, wherein the double cladded fiber includes a v-groove that extends through the outer cladding into the inner cladding, a pump source that emits a light, and a transparent substrate, bonded to the glass outer cladding with a transparent adhesive, wherein the light passes through the transparent substrate and into the all-glass double cladded fiber and the v-groove couples the light into the all-glass double cladded fiber. Alternatively, the substrate may be eliminated and the light directly coupled into the all-glass double cladded fiber.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of hermetically sealing a pump module for a double cladded fiber in a pump module. The apparatus includes a hermetic pump module for coupling light from a pump source into an optical waveguide. The hermetic pump module includes a hermetically sealed housing, wherein the hermetically sealed housing contains an all-glass double cladded fiber with an outer cladding, an inner cladding, and a core, wherein the double cladded fiber includes a v-groove that extends through the outer cladding into the inner cladding, a pump source that emits a light, and a transparent substrate, bonded to the glass outer cladding with a transparent adhesive, wherein the light passes through the transparent substrate and into the all-glass double cladded fiber and the v-groove couples the light into the all-glass double cladded fiber. Alternatively, the substrate may be eliminated and the light directly coupled into the all-glass double cladded fiber.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of water soluble primycin and to the separation of its components of formulae (A.sub.1) and (A.sub.3) either as single components or as a mixture of the two components. According to the invention(i) water insoluble primycin is reacted in a C.sub.1-3 alcohol with a condensable substance comprising a C--C--C bridge in the presence of sodium or potassium methoxide or ethoxide, the resulting product with a water solubility of 40-60 mg/ml is separated, and, if desired,(ii) the resulting substance is subjected to column chromatography on silica gel applying a 1% aqueous solution of Partridge mixture as eluting agent to obtain a mixture of components of formulae (A.sub.1) and (A.sub.

Abstract: The invention relates to antibacterial pseudo-primycin complexes of formula (I) ##STR1## to the components and acid addition salts thereof, as well as to the preparation of these compounds and to the pharmaceutical compositions containing said compounds as active ingredient.In the formula (I) R.sup.1 is butyl, pentyl or hexyl, R.sup.2 is hydrogen, hydroxyl or O-arabinose and X is organic or inorganic acid ion.

Abstract: The invention relates to antibacterial pseudo-primycin complexes of formula (I) ##STR1## to the components and acid addition salts thereof, as well as to the preparation of these compounds and to the pharmaceutical compositions containing said compounds as active ingredient.In the formula (I) R.sup.1 is butyl, pentyl or hexyl, R.sup.2 is hydrogen, hydroxyl or O-arabinose and X is organic or inorganic acid ion.

Abstract: The invention relates to the components of primycin antibiotic complex and the salts thereof and to the process for the separation of the individual components by chromatography. A further object of the invention is a synergistic antimicrobial composition containing the said components and a process for the preparation thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to antibacterial pseudo-primycin complexes of formula (I) ##STR1## to the components and acid addition salts thereof, as well as to the preparation of these compounds and to the pharmaceutical compositions containing said compounds as active ingredient.In the formula (I) R.sup.1 is butyl, pentyl or hexyl, R.sup.2 is hydrogen, hydroxyl or O-arabinose and X is organic or inorganic acid ion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new and simple process for the preparation of quinoline-carboxylic acid derivatives of the general formula (I) ##STR1## as well as hydrates and therapeutically acceptable salts thereof. In the formula the meaning of the substituents is as follows:R is hydrogen atom or a formyl group,R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom or an amino group; or a CH.sub.3 --NH-group,R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.According to the invention the compound of the general formula (II) ##STR2## or an acid addition salt thereof is reacted with piperazine in dimethylformamide and--if desired--the compound of the general formula (III) ##STR3## thus obtained is subjected to an acidic or alkaline treatment, or is reacted advantageously with hydrazine or preferably with hydrazine-hydrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a synergistic, antimicrobial pharmaceutical composition containing 0.01 to 50% by weight of a quinolinecarboxylic acid derivative or a naphthyridinecarboxylic acid derivative of the formula (I), ##STR1## wherein X is carbon or nitrogen;R.sup.1 is hydrogen or fluorine;R.sup.2 is methyl, piperazino or methylpiperazino group; orR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together are a methylenedioxy group; and 0.01 to 95% by weight of a tetracycline derivative of the formula (II), ##STR2## wherein R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are hydrogen; orR.sup.3 and R.sup.4 together represent an additional chemical bond,in 20:1 to 1:50 ratio of the compound of the formula (I) to the compound of the formula (II), optionally in an admixture with an amount required to 100% by weight of an inert, solid or liquid carrier such as magnesium carbonate, magnesium stearate, starch, talc, cyclodextrine or water and other additives such as filling, disintegrating, sliding and emulsifying agents.

Abstract: Oxypricin, an antibiotic of the Formula (II) ##STR1## having antibiotic activity is disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to new synergistic antimicrobial compositions containing primycin, doxycycline and sisomicin.

Abstract: A synergistic antimicrobial active ingredient for a pharmaceutical or veterinary composition comprises 5 to 50 percent by weight of a primycin component which consists of a primycin fermentation product of Thermonospora galeriensis and 95 to 50 percent by weight of at least one other component selected from the group which consists of doxycyline compounds and sisomicin compounds. The doxycycline compounds are selected from the group which consists of doxycycline, salts thereof with mineral acids, and doxycycline tryclate. The sisomicin compounds are selected from the group which consists of sisomicin, substituted sisomicins with substitution at the N atom by lower alkyl, hydroxyl lower alkyl, lower aminoalkyl and lower alkanoyl, and sisomicin acid salts.

Abstract: A fungicidal compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein A is C.sub.5-10 cycloalkyl, R is hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, phenyl optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from C.sub.1-4 alkyl, nitro, hydroxy, carboxy, sulfo, sulfonylamino, halogen, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy, C.sub.1-4 acyloxy, C.sub.2-5 alkoxycarbonyl, C.sub.1-4 acyl, and N-(C.sub.2-5 alkoxycarbonyl)-sulfonylamino, or phenyl-(C.sub.1-4 alkyl) or a salt thereof.

Abstract: The antibiotic primycin synergizes the effect of other antibiotics when used together therewith in amounts such that the primycin constitutes 5 to 50% by weight of the total antibiotic content.