Abstract: A brush seal has bristles with a free end sealing against a radially inward surface of a stationary component. The bristles are angled axially 15 degrees to 70 degrees, and circumferentially at an angle that is less than the axial angle. A retaining plate extends radially outward from the rotating component, and supports the bristles from centrifugal loading in an operative state of a turbomachine. A bristle shield extends radially outward along a length of the bristles, such that the bristle shield is configured to shield the bristles from flow during an operative state of the turbomachine. The bristles are located between the retaining plate and the bristle shield. A circumferential groove has a downstream side and an upstream side, and a side plate is attached to the upstream side. The fixed end of the bristles is attached to the upstream side of the groove by the side plate.

Abstract: A method is described for establishing load limits for pipe connections to a turbine casing including the steps of: identifying a plurality of the pipe connections as key pipe load connections; developing transfer functions to model deformation of the casing based on loads applied to the key pipe connections; establishing individual load limits for each of the key pipe connections in the group by optimizing solutions to the transfer functions, and establishing a cumulative load limit for the group of key pipe load connections by optimizing solutions to the transfer functions.

Abstract: A turbine comprises an oil deflector including at least one set of seal rings, and a shaft including an annular step. The step includes a circumferential surface in proximity to the seal rings of the oil deflector and a side surface extending radially from a center portion of the shaft and defining a groove positioned radially underneath the circumferential surface.

Abstract: The coupling between discrete axially aligned first and second turbine shafts includes a flange on one end of one shaft and a rotor wheel on the other shaft. Holes in axial alignment with one another through the flange and rotor wheel receive fastening elements securing the rotor wheel and flange to one another, thereby securing the shaft sections to one another. The fastening elements engage segments on the side of the rotor wheel remote from the flange to facilitate clamping of the flange and rotor wheel to one another. The segments also include outer arcuate surfaces which form sealing surfaces with radially opposed labyrinth teeth of packing ring segments forming part of the turbine diaphragms.

Abstract: A method and a system for determining radial clearances in a rotating machine are provided. The rotating machine includes at least one shell, at least one rotor, and at least one stationary component. The method includes creating a finite element model for at least one component within the rotating machine, creating a cycle deck data file for the rotating machine, determining an initial clearance versus time, and determining an initial clearance versus location.

Abstract: The coupling between discrete axially aligned first and second turbine shafts includes a flange on one end of one shaft and a rotor wheel on the other shaft. Holes in axial alignment with one another through the flange and rotor wheel receive fastening elements securing the rotor wheel and flange to one another, thereby securing the shaft sections to one another. The fastening elements engage segments on the side of the rotor wheel remote from the flange to facilitate clamping of the flange and rotor wheel to one another. The segments also include outer arcuate surfaces which form sealing surfaces with radially opposed labyrinth teeth of packing ring segments forming part of the turbine diaphragms.

Abstract: A method and a system for determining radial clearances in a rotating machine are provided. The rotating machine includes at least one shell, at least one rotor, and at least one stationary component. The method includes creating a finite element model for at least one component within the rotating machine, creating a cycle deck data file for the rotating machine, determining an initial clearance versus time, and determining an initial clearance versus location.

Abstract: A method is described for establishing load limits for pipe connections to a turbine casing including the steps of: identifying a plurality of the pipe connections as key pipe load connections; developing transfer functions to model deformation of the casing based on loads applied to the key pipe connections; establishing individual load limits for each of the key pipe connections in the group by optimizing solutions to the transfer functions, and establishing a cumulative load limit for the group of key pipe load connections by optimizing solutions to the transfer functions.

Abstract: Dovetail-shaped grooves are formed in the axial faces and circumferential rims of wheels and spacers forming a rotor body. Complementary-shaped balance weights are inserted through entry apertures in the grooves and circumferentially aligned into adjusted balanced positions. Fasteners are threaded through the weights to engage in slots at circumferentially spaced positions along ribs projecting from the bases of the grooves. By threading the fastener into the slot and staking the fastener to the balance weight, the metal of the rotary component is not upset or deformed, with the result that the potential for development of cracks in the rotary component is substantially reduced.

Abstract: A method of stacking a plurality of wheels and spacers forming a rotor for a turbine, the wheels and spacers having a plurality of circumferentially spaced, axially extending openings spaced radially from axes of the wheels and spacers including providing a support fixture having an axis and disposing a plurality of alignment rods about the fixture in circumferentially spaced relation to one another about and generally parallel to the axis. Each of the rods has a cross-section with a radial dimension less than a circumferential dimension. The method includes disposing the wheels and spacers on the support fixture with the alignment rods extending through the openings with clearances between the rods and margins of the openings being greater in a radial direction than in a circumferential direction.

Abstract: In a land based gas turbine including a compressor, a combustor and turbine section including at least three stages, an improvement comprising an inlet into a third stage nozzle from the compressor for feeding cooling air from the compressor to the third stage nozzle; at least one passageway running substantially radially through each airfoil of the third stage nozzle and an associated diaphragm, into an annular space between the rotor and the diaphragm; and passageways communicating between the annular space and individual buckets of the third stage.

Abstract: In a turbine having closed-circuit steam-cooling passages about the rim of the rotor during steady-state operation, compressor discharge air is supplied to the rotor bore for passage radially outwardly into the wheel space cavities between the wheels and spacers. Communicating slots and channels in the spacers and wheels at circumferentially spaced positions enable egress of the compressor discharge air into the hot gas flow path. At turbine startup, cooling air flows through the closed-circuit steam passages to cool the outer rim of the rotor while compressor discharge air pre-warms the wheels and spacers. At steady-state, cooling steam is supplied in the closed-circuit steam-cooling passages and compressor discharge air is supplied through the bore and into the wheel space cavities to cool the rotor.

Abstract: Dovetail-shaped grooves are formed in the axial faces and circumferential rims of wheels and spacers forming a rotor body. Complementary-shaped balance weights are inserted through entry apertures in the grooves and circumferentially aligned into adjusted balanced positions. Fasteners are threaded through the weights to engage in slots at circumferentially spaced positions along ribs projecting from the bases of the grooves. By threading the fastener into the slot and staking the fastener to the balance weight, the metal of the rotary component is not upset or deformed, with the result that the potential for development of cracks in the rotary component is substantially reduced.

Abstract: In a land based gas turbine including a compressor, a combustor and turbine section including at least three stages, an improvement comprising an inlet into a third stage nozzle from the compressor for feeding cooling air from the compressor to the third stage nozzle; at least one passageway running substantially radially through each airfoil of the third stage nozzle and an associated diaphragm, into an annular space between the rotor and the diaphragm; and passageways communicating between the annular space and individual buckets of the third stage.

Abstract: A gas turbine rotor stacking fixture includes upstanding bolts for reception in aligned bolt holes in superposed aft disk, wheels and spacers and upstanding alignment rods received in openings of the disk, wheels and spacers during the rotor stacking assembly. The axially registering openings enable insertion of thin-walled tubes circumferentially about the rim of the rotor, with tight tolerances to the openings to provide supply and return steam for cooling buckets. The alignment rods have radial dimensions substantially less than their dimensions in a circumferential direction to allow for radial opening misalignment due to thermal expansion, tolerance stack-up and wheel-to-spacer mismatch due to rabbet mechanical growth. The circumferential dimension of the alignment rods affords tightly toleranced alignment of the openings through which the cooling tubes are installed.