Abstract: The present invention provides a device and method of non-destructively monitoring reactive material through a substrate for changes in material properties that designate the condition of the reactive material during cure and service life. A transducer is placed on a portion of the substrate generally parallel to an interface of the substrate to the reactive material. The ultrasonic waves generated via the transducer are used to detect reflected sound waves upon encountering the interfaces, where the interfaces consist of changes in material properties across the substrate.

Abstract: A method for sealing flexible graphite sheets formed from exfoliated graphite particles is provided. A textured surface is provided onto the graphite sheet to facilitate the infusion of a sealant into the internal pores of the sheet.

Abstract: A method for sealing flexible graphite sheets formed from exfoliated graphite particles is provided. A textured surface is provided onto the graphite sheet to facilitate the infusion of a sealant into the internal pores of the sheet.

Abstract: An improved process for the production of organic polyisocyanate-based molded polymers prepared from at least one organic polyisocyanate and at least one polyol wherein there is employed an internal mold release agent comprising an amino-polysiloxane having at least one group of the formulaRNH-alkylene-O-bonded to a silicon atom of a polysiloxane, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower-alkyl, cycloalkyl, and ECHR"CHR'- wherein E is an electron withdrawing group and R' and R" are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and methyl. The molding process can be repeated many times before the mold surfaces must be cleaned or treated with release agent. The ease of release of the molded polyurethanes makes the process particularly suitable for RIM production methods.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved process for the production of organic polyisocyanate-based molded polymers prepared from at least one organic polyisocyanate and at least one polyol wherein there is employed an internal mold release agent comprising an amino-polysiloxane having at least one group of the formulaRNH-alkylene--O--bonded to a silicon atom of a polysiloxane, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower-alkyl, cycloalkyl, and ECHR"CHR'-- wherein E is an electron withdrawing group and R' and R" are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and methyl.The molding process can be repeated many times before the mold surfaces must be cleaned or treated with release agent. The ease of release of the molded polyurethanes makes the process particularly suitable for RIM production methods.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved process for the production of organic polyisocyanate based molded polymers prepared from at least one organic polyisocyanate and at least one polyol in the presence of an internal release agent wherein the improvement comprises employing as said agent a polysiloxane having at least one unit of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is selected from the group consisting of lower-alkyl and aryl, R.sup.1 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical, and R.sup.2 is selected from the group consisting of lower-alkoxy, aryloxy, particular hydroxyalkyleneoxy, alkoxyalkyleneoxy, amino, and hydroxyalkylamino radicals.The molding process can be repeated in many cycles before the molds require cleaning or treatment with release agent. The ease and rapidity with which the present process can be carried out makes it particularly suited to RIM production methods.

Abstract: There is disclosed a novel process for the preparation of 1,4-diazabicyclooctane dihydrohalides having the formula ##STR1## wherein each R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, and cycloalkyl, and X is chlorine or bromine, said process comprising heating at a temperature of at least about 100.degree. C. and in a dipolar aprotic solvent certain novel dihaloalkylene diamines. Neutralization of the dihydrohalides provides the corresponding 1,4-diazabicyclooctane free bases.Also disclosed are certain novel 1,4-diazabicyclooctane diammonium dihalides formed as intermediates in the above process and a process for their conversion to the 1,4-diazabicyclooctane dihydrohalides and free bases thereof.The 1,4-diazabicyclo compounds produced in accordance with the invention find particular utility as catalysts in the preparation of polyurethanes from organic polyols and polyisocyanates.

Abstract: A process is described for the preparation of a polymer having a recurring unit of the formula: ##STR1## where R is hydrogen or methyl, C.sub.n H.sub.2n is lower-alkylene, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are aryl or lower-alkyl, and x is 0 or 1. A polymer having a recurring unit of the formula: ##STR2## where X is chloro, bromo, iodo, chloroalkyl, bromoalkyl or iodoalkyl, is reacted with the appropriate aryl or alkyl chloride or bromide and arsenic trichloride, arsenic tribromide or arsenic trioxide in the presence of sodium, magnesium, or lithium metal. The resulting polymer is an intermediate in the preparation, by oxidation, of the corresponding As-oxide which polymer is useful as a catalyst for the conversion of isocyanates to the corresponding carbodiimides.

Abstract: A process is described for the preparation of a polymer having a recurring unit of the formula: ##STR1## where R is hydrogen or methyl, C.sub.n H.sub.2n is lower-alkylene, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are aryl and x is 0 or 1. A polymer having a recurring unit of the formula: ##STR2## where X is chloro, bromo, iodo, chloroalkyl, bromoalkyl or iodoalkyl, is reacted with a triarylarsine in the presence of lithium or sodium-potassium alloy. The resulting polymer is an intermediate in the preparation, by oxidation, of the corresponding As-oxide. The latter is useful as a catalyst for the conversion of isocyanates to the corresponding carbodiimides.

Abstract: There is disclosed a novel process for the preparation of 1,4-diazabicyclooctane dihydrohalides having the formula ##STR1## wherein each R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, and cycloalkyl, and X is chlorine or bromine, said process comprising heating at a temperature of at least about 100.degree. C. and in a dipolar aprotic solvent certain novel dihaloalkylene diamines. Neutralization of the dihydrohalides provides the corresponding 1,4-diazabicyclooctane free bases.Also disclosed are certain novel 1,4-diazabicyclooctane diammonium dihalides formed as intermediates in the above process and a process for their conversion to the 1,4-diazabicyclooctane dihydrohalides and free bases thereof.The 1,4-diazabicyclo compounds produced in accordance with the invention find particular utility as catalysts in the preparation of polyurethanes from organic polyols and polyisocyanates.