Abstract: The subject invention relates to surfactant compositions of gemini surfactants and co-amphiphile(s), to a process for preparing such compositions, and to their uses, especially as emulsifiers and dispersants.

Abstract: Inorganic light-absorbing micropigments to which aluminium phosphates are applied are used in sunscreens or cosmetics emulsions.

Abstract: In a fragrance and/or aroma composition for the targeted release of fragrances and/or aromas in the form of a solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) dispersion, in which lipid-based nanoparticles are present which are stabilized by an emulsifier monolayer, one or more membrane layers or other auxiliaries, the fragrances and/or aromas are included in the nanoparticles and/or in the emulsifier monolayer or the membrane layers.

Abstract: A use of mixtures of surfactants which form multilamellar liquid-crystalline structures, where the surfactants are chosen from at least two of the following groups formed from isethionates, taurates, sarcosinates, acyl lactylates, acyl glutamates, fatty acid-protein condensates, PEG stearates, PEG distearates with an HLB value of less than 10, alkyl polyglycosides and betaines for reducing the skin irritant action of cosmetic and/or pharmaceutical formulations which are applied to the skin, and for improving hair structure is described.

Abstract: A device for continuously producing emulsions or dispersions while excluding air comprises a mixing vessel, which is closed on all sides and which has supply tubes and discharge tubes for introducing and discharging fluid substances or compositions, and also an impeller, which permits an agitating input into the emulsion or dispersion without generating cavitation forces and without high-pressure homogenization. For preparing the cosmetic emulsions of the invention, as well, emulsifiers are generally used.

Abstract: The mixture consists of c) from 5 to 60% by weight of titanium dioxide onto which organic and/or inorganic auxiliaries can be applied, as component A, d) from 40 to 95% by weight of an organic micropigment dispersion as component B, consisting of b1) from 20 to 75% by weight of at least one methyleoebisbenzo-triazolylphenol in which the benzotriazolyl radicals and phenol radicals can each be independently substituted by one or more C1-20 alkyl radicals, C1-20 alkoxy radicals, C1-20 hydroxyalkyl radicals, C6-12 aryl radicals, halogen, hydroxyl groups or cyano groups, as organic micropigment B1, b2) from 2 to 15% by weight of at least one emulsifier B2, b3) from 0.5 to 5% by weight of organic auxiliaries B3, b4) from 22.5 to 77.5% by weight of water as component B4, the total amount of components B1 to B4 giving 100% by weight, with up to 20% by weight of the mixture being able to be replaced by other constituents.

Abstract: Membrane-structured solid nanoparticles having an average diameter in the range from 10 to 10 000 nm which are solid at 25° C. and have a combination of active compound vehicle particles and emulsifiers such as to form membranes which infiltrate the entire nanoparticles so that there are emulsifiers in the interior and on the surface of the nanoparticles are described.

Abstract: Ether alcohols of the general formula (I) R1—O-[EO—]n[PO—]mR2 where R1 is C1-4-alkyl, R2 is hydrogen or C1-4-alkyl, n is on average 1 to 100, m is on average 0 to n/2 EO, PO are basic building blocks derived from ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, which may be present in any order if both building blocks are present, are used as solvents, solubility promoters or dispersion auxiliaries for organic compounds which are insoluble or insufficiently soluble in lipophilic and hydrophilic media, and as dispersion auxiliaries or continuous phase for (micro)pigment dispersions.

Abstract: An oral care composition containing membrane-structured solid nanoparticles formed from a lyotropic liquid-crystalline mixed phase having an average particle diameter in the range of 10 to 1,000 nm. The nanoparticles are generally solid at 25° C. and are a combination of agent-carrier particles and emulsifiers. The membranes penetrate the nanoparticles so that the emulsifiers are present in the interior and on the surface of the nanoparticles.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an emulsion base for formulating cosmetic and dermatological compositions. The emulsion base has particular surfactant and/or emulsifier ratios such that a wide range of compositions with varying forms and additional components can be formulated without changing the ratio or amount of the primary and/or co-surfactant/emulsifier in the emulsion base or the amount of the emulsion base in the final composition. The emulsion base can be used in a system of formulating cosmetic and dermatological compositions.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for monitoring the quality of lubricant that is in a gear mechanism or machine that contains effective materials. A sample of the lubricant or of the vapor that escapes from the lubricant is withdrawn from the gear mechanism or machine. The sample is conveyed to an ion mobility spectrometer, where materials present in the vapor phase above the lubricant are analyzed. The change of the content and of the type of the analyzed materials in the sample is utilized as the actual condition for the aging of the lubricant.

Abstract: This invention relates to sprayable low-viscous O/W emulsions which can be prepared from at least two phases by using a hydrophobic phase comprising gemini surfactants and a hydrophilic phase comprising gemini surfactants with addition of solid particles, a foaming surfactant, or an antitranspirant.

Abstract: A measuring probe for determining the physical stability of emulsions and dispersions, is constructed from a rod comprising a material which is electrically nonconductive at least on the rod surface. The rod carries at least two conductivity-measurement electrodes separated from one another along the rod. These electrodes are separately supplied with electricity via the interior of the rod at one rod end. A method for determining the physical stability of emulsions and suspensions involves placing an emulsion or dispersion a sample container, immersing a measuring probe in the filled sample container, and measuring the conductivity of the emulsion or dispersion continuously or at intervals over a given period of time using the conductivity-measurement electrodes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a measuring probe for determining the physical stability of emulsions and dispersions, constructed from a rod comprising a material which is electrically nonconductive at least on the rod surface, which carries at least two conductivity-measurement electrodes separated from one another along the rod, these electrodes being separately supplied with electricity via the interior of the rod at one rod end. The invention furthermore relates to a method for determining the physical stability of emulsions and suspensions, characterized in that an emulsion or dispersion is placed in a sample container, a measuring probe according to Claim 1 is immersed in the filled sample container, and the conductivity of the emulsion or dispersion is measured continuously or at intervals over a given period of time using the conductivity-measurement electrodes.

Abstract: A composition is the reaction product of(1) a alkylene diamine condensate compound containing a poly(oxyalkylene)group and having at least two --OH groups;(2) a compound other than as defined in (1) which contains at least two reactive hydrogen atoms present as --OH, --NH.sub.2 or --NHR;(3) a carboxylic acid containing at least two carboxylic acid groups or an anhydride or chloride thereof; and(4) a mono-carboxylic acid, a mono-hydroxycompound, a secondary mono-amine or a hindered primary mono-amine;where components (2) and (3) may be replaced, at least partially, by a substituted carboxylic acid. The resulting composition is non-ionic and can be used to prepare a wide range of emulsions or dispersions of solids in liquids.

Abstract: A composition for personal care products comprising alkoxylated polyether derived from C.sub.6 to C.sub.22 fatty alcohol in admixture with cyclic dimethyl siloxane pentamer or tetramer, in a weight ratio 5:95 to 95:5 and their use in oil/water or water/oil emulsions, together with processes for their preparation.