Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treating fragments of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) in which glass shards are encrusted in or on the surface of the PVB. The method involves placing PVB fragments in contact with an aqueous solution comprising a cationic surfactant and a weak base, to obtain a mixture. This mixture, subjected to ultrasound within a defined temperature range, leads to separation of the glass shards and the PVB. In particular, the inventors have discovered that the combined, simultaneous, and complementary action of a weak base, a cationic surfactant, and ultrasound, at an appropriate temperature, made it possible to detach and/or unembed the glass shards fixed to the collected PVB without degrading the polymer matrix.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treating fragments of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) in which glass shards are encrusted in or on the surface of the PVB. The method involves placing PVB fragments in contact with an aqueous solution comprising a cationic surfactant and a weak base, to obtain a mixture. This mixture, subjected to ultrasound within a defined temperature range, leads to separation of the glass shards and the PVB. In particular, the inventors have discovered that the combined, simultaneous, and complementary action of a weak base, a cationic surfactant, and ultrasound, at an appropriate temperature, made it possible to detach and/or unembed the glass shards fixed to the collected PVB without degrading the polymer matrix.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing aromatic or hetero-aromatic aldehydes by the Reimer-Tiemann formylation reaction. The process comprises employing a solid alkaline hydroxide in order to carry out the reaction in a solid/liquid medium and by adjusting the initial hydration rate of the medium to be higher than 0.05 moles of water per mole of initial compound and less than 1.5 moles of water per mole of alkaline hydroxide initially in the medium. Such a process makes it possible to substantially increase the yield of the Reimer-Tiemann reaction and to avoid tar formation entirely or in large part.