Abstract: An apparatus reduces quantizing noise by averaging picture information when only low frequency information is present. Thus, high frequency detail is not lost. This is determined by looking at proximate samples to see if their amplitudes are within a selected amount of each other. The averaging typically is of two or four picture samples depending upon how great an area has only low frequencies, but greater numbers of samples can be used.

Abstract: A digital TV system reduces the data rate by transmitting or recording only bytes representing half of the sampled pixels. Steering bits are also transmitted that tell which of the transmitted bytes are the closest match to the untransmitted bytes so the pixels represented by the later can be reconstructed.

Abstract: In television image size altering apparatus of the type wherein pixels relating to a composite video signal are sampled at a synchronous real time rate and wherein the flow of pixel information is coordinated through a memory by a write control and a read control, the composite pixel information is separated into original pixels relating to each basic component of the video signal. Interpolated pixel values are then derived from the original pixel values at an effective rate less than the synchronous rate when compressing the image size and at an effective rate greater than the synchronous rate when expanding the image size. The interpolated pixel values are then combined into new pixel values relating to a new composite video signal and the new pixel values are presented for display at the synchronous rate to alter the size of the television image.