Abstract: The present invention is directed to articles comprising smudge-resistant anti-reflective surfaces, and products and devices comprising the articles.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to apparatuses and methods for treating fluids with ultraviolet light, including fluid streams, utilizing elliptical chambers. Suitably, water or other fluids can be disinfected using the chambers. Methods for optimizing irradiation of the fluid in the apparatuses are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a semi-conductive composition comprising carbon nanotubes in a matrix. These semiconductive compositions are useful in printing semiconducting portions of thin film transistors.

Abstract: Processes for effecting thermal transfer of electroactive organic material are disclosed wherein unwanted portions of a layer of electroactive organic material supported by a donor element are removed or transferred from the layer by thermal transfer, particularly laser-induced thermal transfer, leaving a desired pattern of the electroactive organic material on the donor element. The electroactive organic material may be an organic material exhibiting electroluminescence, charge transport, charge injection, electrical conductivity, semiconductivity and/or exciton blocking. The layer of electroactive organic material may comprise more than one layer of different types of electroactive organic material. The exposure pattern is a negative image of the desired pattern. The electroactive organic material of the desired pattern is not, therefore, exposed to the heat which can cause decomposition.

Abstract: Processes for effecting thermal transfer of electroactive organic material are disclosed wherein unwanted portions of a layer of electroactive organic material supported by a donor element are removed or transferred from the layer by thermal transfer, particularly laser-induced thermal transfer, leaving a desired pattern of the electroactive organic material on the donor element. The electroactive organic material may be an organic material exhibiting electroluminescence, charge transport, charge injection, electrical conductivity, semiconductivity and/or exciton blocking. The layer of electroactive organic material may comprise more than one layer of different types of electroactive organic material. The exposure pattern is a negative image of the desired pattern. The electroactive organic material of the desired pattern is not, therefore, exposed to the heat which can cause decomposition.

Abstract: Processes for effecting thermal transfer of electroactive organic material are disclosed wherein unwanted portions of a layer of electroactive organic material supported by a donor element are removed or transferred from the layer by thermal transfer, particularly laser-induced thermal transfer, leaving a desired pattern of the electroactive organic material on the donor element. The electroactive organic material may be an organic material exhibiting electroluminescence, charge transport, charge injection, electrical conductivity, semiconductivity and/or exciton blocking. The layer of electroactive organic material may comprise more than one layer of different types of electroactive organic material. The exposure pattern is a negative image of the desired pattern. The electroactive organic material of the desired pattern is not, therefore, exposed to the heat which can cause decomposition.

Abstract: A field emission electron emitter comprising an electrode formed of at least one diamond, diamond-like carbon or glassy carbon composite fiber, said composite fiber having a non-diamond core and a diamond, diamond-like carbon or glassy carbon coating on said non-diamond core, and electronic devices employing such a field emission electron emitter.

Abstract: This invention provides an improved process for producing a thin film of addition polymer on a substrate by laser ablation wherein the molecular weight of addition polymer is controlled by conducting the process in the presence of at least one additive selected from chain transfer agents or polymer initiators.

Abstract: A process making thin film elements of an oxide superconductor (Tl..sub.5 Pb.sub.0.5)Sr.sub.2 CaCu.sub.2 O.sub.7, (Tl..sub.5 Pb.sub.0.5)Sr.sub.2 Ca.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.9 or a mixture thereof. The process entails forming an oxide film of a mixture of oxides of Pb, Sr, Ca and Cu in preselected amounts, placing the oxide film in a container of nonreactive metal such as gold that contains a powder of (Tl..sub.5 Pb.sub.0.5)Sr.sub.2 Ca.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.9 superconductor, sealing the container, and heating the sealed container to a temperature of about 820.degree. C. to about 950.degree. C. for at least 1 minute.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing gas separation membranes wherein a thin film of an amorphous fluoropolymer is spray-deposited as an aerosol onto a microporous substrate and rendered substantially continuous or defect-free by thermal and/or chemical treatment.

Abstract: A process for producing thin film of a first addition polymer on a substrate comprising bombarding a target, consisting essentially of a second addition polymer, with radiation from a pulsed laser in a vacuum or gas atmosphere to form a plume of components of said second polymer; and depositing said plume on a substrate, whereby a film of said first polymer is formed. The first and second addition polymer may be identical or different and in both cases may be fluoropolymer.

Abstract: High resolution, photosensitive electrostatic master which is positive-working with a single imagewise exposure comprising a conductive support bearing a layer of a photosensitive composition consisting essentially of (a) at least two polymeric binders, at least one binder having a Tg greater than 80.degree. C. and at least one binder having a Tg of 70.degree. C. or less such that the shift in transit time (a.sub.T) of the photosensitive layer in the range of 30%.ltoreq.relative humidity.ltoreq.60% and 65.degree. F. (18.3.degree. C.).ltoreq.temperature .ltoreq.80.degree. F. (26.7.degree. C.) is 10 or less, (b) a hexaarylbiimidazole photooxidant, (c) leuco dye, preferably stabilized, oxidized by (b), (d) a nonionic halogenated compound, preferably a hydrocarbon, and (e) at least one compatible plasticizer. A process of making positive images by a single imagewise exposure is described.

Abstract: Xeroprinting process comprising(A) exposing imagewise to actinic radiation a photohardenable electrostatic master comprising(1) an electrically conductive substrate, and(2) a layer of photohardenable composition consisting essentially of(a) at least two organic polymeric binders, at least one having a Tg greater than 80.degree. C. and at least one having a Tg less than 70.degree. C.,(b) at least one monomeric compound having at least one ethylenically unsaturated group, and(c) a photoinitiator or photoinitiator system, the shift in transit time (a.sub.T) of the photohardenable layer in the range of 30%.ltoreq.relative humidity.ltoreq.60% and 15.6.degree. C..ltoreq.temperature .ltoreq.26.7.degree. C. is 15 or less, preferably 10 or less(B) charging the photohardenable master electrostatically,(C) applying an oppositely charged electrostatic toner, and(D) transferring the toned image to a receptor surface.

Abstract: Photohardenable electrostatic master with improved environmental latitude and dot shape comprising(1) an electrically conductive substrate, and coated thereon(2) a layer of photohardenable composition having a speed that requires an exposure energy in the range of 3 to 90 mjoules/sq. cm. consisting essentially of(a) at least two incompatible organic polymeric binders,(b) at least one monomeric compound having at least ethylenically unsaturated group, and(c) a photoinitiator or photoinitiator system that activates polymerization of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer upon exposure to actinic radiation,(d) a chain transfer agent, and(e) at least one polymerization inhibitor in an amount of at least 0.1% by weight based on the total weight of photohardenable composition.A xeroprinting process is described using the master. The master is used in graphic arts, color proofing which duplicates images produced by printing, preparation of printed circuit boards, resists, soldermasks, etc.

Abstract: Photohardenable electrostatic master with improved environmental latitude comprising(1) an electrically conductive substrate, and(2) a layer of photohardenable composition consisting essentially of(a) at least two organic polymeric binder, at least one having a Tg greater than 80.degree. C. and at least one having a Tg less than 70.degree. C.,(b) at least one monomeric compound having at least one ethylenically unsaturated group, and(c) a photoinitiator or photoinitiator system, the shift in transit time (a.sub.T) of the photohardenable layer in the range of 30%.ltoreq.relative humidity.ltoreq.60% and 15.6.degree. C..ltoreq.temperature.ltoreq.26.7.degree. C. is 15 or less, preferably 10 or less. A xeroprinting process is described using the master. The master is used in graphic arts, color proofing which duplicates images produced by printing, preparation of printed circuit boards, resists, soldermasks, etc.

Abstract: A transfer device and method of its use for an electrostatic imaging system using liquid toner capable of generating images having very high resolution at fast speeds. The station includes three sections, an electrically biased tack down roller, a transfer corona station and a transfer medium separator. These sections are located to prevent the onset of turbulence in the liquid toner.

Abstract: Photohardenable electrostatic master comprising an electrically conductive substrate, e.g., aluminized polyethylene terephthalate, bearing a layer of a photopolymer comprising an organic polymeric binder, compound having at least one ethylenically unsaturated group, photoinitiator and at least one organic electron acceptor or donor compound, e.g., the acceptor and donor having an oxidation potential of less than +2.5 eV and reduction potential larger than -3.0 eV, respectively. The photohardenable electrostatic master is used for electrostatic proofing, etc.

Abstract: Photohardenable electrostatic master comprising an electrically conductive substrate, e.g., aluminized polyethylene terephthalate, bearing a layer of a photopolymer comprising an organic polymeric binder, compound having at least one ethylenically unsaturated group, photoinitiator, an aromatic amino compound, as defined, and an acid, e.g., p-toluene sulfonic acid, or an oxidized substituted aromatic amino compound. The photohardenable electrostatic master having improved charge decay and backtransfer is used for electrostatic proofing, etc.