Abstract: An electrocardiography patch is provided. A backing includes an elongated strip with a midsection connecting two rounded ends. The midsection tapers in from each end and is narrower than each of the two ends. An electrode is positioned on each end of the backing on a contact surface to capture electrocardiographic signals. A circuit trace electrically is coupled to each of the electrodes in the pair. A battery is provided on an outer surface of the backing opposite the contact surface. Memory is provided on the outer surface of the backing to store data regarding the electrocardiographic signals. A processor is powered by the battery to write the data into the memory.

Abstract: An implantable medical device is disclosed. A housing includes a hollow body forming a first electrode on an outer surface with end caps affixed to opposite ends, one end cap forming a second electrode. A microcontroller circuit is provided and includes a microcontroller operable under program instructions stored within a non-volatile memory device. An analog front end is interfaced to the electrodes to sense electrocardiographic signals. A transceiver circuit is operable to wirelessly communicate with an external data device. The program instructions define instructions to continuously sample the electrocardiographic signals into the non-volatile memory device and to offload the non-volatile memory device to the external data device. A receiving coil and a charging circuit are operable to charge an onboard power source for the microcontroller circuit.

Abstract: A subcutaneous and cutaneous electrocardiography monitor configured for self-optimizing ECG data compression is provided. The monitors include a housing, an electrocardiographic front end circuit, a memory, and a micro-controller configured to: obtain a series of electrode voltage values based on the sensed electrocardiographic signals; use a plurality of selection schemes to choose one or more of a plurality of compression algorithms associated with each of the selection scheme for testing; test the selected compression algorithms including applying the compression algorithms chosen using each of the selection schemes to a segment of the electrode voltage series; analyze results of the testing; select one or more compression algorithms chosen using one of the selection schemes for compressing at least a portion of the electrode voltage series based on the analysis; obtain a compression of at least the portion of the electrode voltage series; and store the compression within the memory.

Abstract: A system and method for remote ECG data streaming in real-time is provided. A continuous connection is established between a cloud-based server and a physiological monitor. The physiological monitor includes at least two electrodes and is affixed to a chest of a patient or implanted within the patient. ECG data is collected via one or more of the electrodes and encrypted via a wireless interface on the physiological monitor using a secret key stored on the physiological monitor. The encrypted ECG data is transmitted from the cloud-based server and received on a computing device in real-time.

Abstract: A system and method for atrial fibrillation detection in non-noise ECG data with the aid of a digital computer are provided. Electrocardiography (ECG) features and annotated patterns of the features are maintained in a database, at least some of the patterns associated with atrial fibrillation. A classifier is trained based on the annotated patterns, the classifier implemented by a convolutional neural network. A representation of an ECG signal recorded by one or more ambulatory monitors is received. Noise is detected in the representations and ECG features in the representation falling within each of the non-noise temporal windows are detected. The trained classifier is used to identify patterns of the ECG features. A value indicative of whether portions of the representation are associated the patient experiencing atrial fibrillation is calculated. That one or more of the portions are associated with the patient experiencing atrial fibrillation is determined.

Abstract: A noise-separating cardiac monitor is provided. An implantable housing includes an external surface. A wireless antenna is shaped to wrap around an interior periphery of the implantable housing. Electrodes are provided on a ventral surface of the implantable housing to capture P-wave signals and R-wave signals. Electronic circuitry is provided within the wearable housing and includes a low power microcontroller. A front end circuit includes a signal lead operable to sense cardiac electrical potentials through one of the electrodes, a reference lead operable to sense the cardiac electrical potentials through another electrode, and a reference generator configured to inject a driven reference to the reference lead. The signal lead includes a coupling capacitor and a protection resistor associated with thermal noise. The thermal noise is not contained in the driven reference and not introduced to the reference lead. A non-volatile memory is electrically interfaced with the microcontroller.

Abstract: Physiological monitoring can be provided through a lightweight wearable monitor that includes two components, a flexible extended wear electrode patch and a reusable monitor recorder that removably snaps into a receptacle on the electrode patch. The wearable monitor sits centrally (in the midline) on the patient's chest along the sternum oriented top-to-bottom. The placement of the wearable monitor in a location at the sternal midline, with its unique narrow “hourglass”-like shape, significantly improves the ability of the wearable monitor to cutaneously sense cardiac electrical potential signals, particularly the P-wave and, to a lesser extent, the QRS interval signals indicating ventricular activity in the ECG waveforms. Additionally, the monitor recorder includes an ECG sensing circuit that measures raw cutaneous electrical signals and performs signal processing prior to outputting the processed signals for sampling and storage.

Abstract: Long-term electrocardiographic and physiological monitoring over a period lasting up to several years in duration can be provided through a continuously-recording insertable cardiac monitor. The sensing circuitry and the physical layout of the electrodes are specifically optimized to capture electrical signals from the propagation of low amplitude, relatively low frequency content cardiac action potentials, particularly the P-waves that are generated during atrial activation and storing samples of captured signals. In general, the ICM is intended to be implanted centrally and positioned axially and either over the sternum or slightly to either the left or right of the sternal midline in the parasternal region of the chest.

Abstract: Long-term electrocardiographic and physiological monitoring over a period lasting up to several years in duration can be provided through a continuously-recording subcutaneous insertable cardiac monitor (ICM). The sensing circuitry and the physical layout of the electrodes are specifically optimized to capture electrical signals from the propagation of low amplitude, relatively low frequency content cardiac action potentials, particularly the P-waves that are generated during atrial activation. In general, the ICM is intended to be implanted centrally and positioned axially and slightly to either the left or right of the sternal midline in the parasternal region of the chest. Additionally, the ICM includes an ECG sensing circuit that measures raw cutaneous electrical signals and performs signal processing prior to outputting the processed signals for sampling and storage.

Abstract: A system and method for display of subcutaneous cardiac monitoring data are provided. Cutaneous action potentials of a patient and other sensed data associated with the patient are recorded as electrocardiogram (EGC) data over a set time period using a subcutaneous insertable cardiac monitor. A set of R-wave peaks is identified within the ECG data and an R-R interval plot is constructed. A difference between recording times of successive pairs of the R-wave peaks in the set is determined. A heart rate associated with each difference is also determined. The pairs of the R-wave peaks and associated heart rate are plotted as the R-R interval plot. A diagnosis of cardiac disorder is facilitated based on patterns of the plotted pairs of the R-wave peaks, the associated heart rates in the R-R interval plot, and background data based on the other sensed data.

Abstract: A subcutaneous insertable cardiac monitor (ICM) for use in performing long term electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring is disclosed. The length of the monitoring performed by the ICM is extended, potentially for a life time of the patient, and the functionality of the ICM is enhanced, including enhancing the rate at which data can be offloaded from the ICM, by including an internal energy harvesting module in the ICM. The energy harvesting module harvests energy from outside the ICM, and provides the harvested energy for powering the circuitry of the ICM, either directly or by recharging a power cell within the ICM. As the circuitry of the ICM requires a low amount of electrical power, the harvested energy can be sufficient to support the functioning of the ICM even when the electrical power stored on the ICM at the time of implantation runs out.

Abstract: Physiological monitoring can be provided through a lightweight wearable monitor that includes two components, a flexible extended wear electrode patch and a reusable monitor recorder that removably snaps into a receptacle on the electrode patch. The wearable monitor sits centrally on the patient's chest along the sternum oriented top-to-bottom. The placement of the wearable monitor in a location at the sternal midline, with its unique narrow “hourglass”-like shape, significantly improves the ability of the wearable monitor to cutaneously sense cardiac electrical potential signals, particularly the P-wave and the QRS interval signals indicating ventricular activity in the ECG waveforms. In particular, the ECG electrodes on the electrode patch are tailored to be positioned axially along the midline of the sternum for capturing action potential propagation in an orientation that corresponds to the aVF lead used in a conventional 12-lead ECG that is used to sense positive or upright P-waves.

Abstract: A system for facilitating a cardiac rhythm disorder diagnosis is provided. A download station is adapted to retrieve cutaneous action potentials of a patient recorded as ECG data. A plot of R-R interval data is generated based on the ECG data and displayed. A presentation of the R-R interval data in the display is changed by identifying a section of the R-R interval data and removing portions of the R-R interval data associated with an earlier recordation time than the R-R interval data in the section and a later recordation time than the R-R interval data in the section. The R-R interval data remaining in the display is provided in greater detail. Report strips are generated from the remaining R-R interval data and classified with a cardiac condition of the patient.

Abstract: A system and method for facilitating a cardiac rhythm disorder diagnosis with the aid of a digital computer is provided. Cutaneous action potentials of a patient are recorded over a set period of time as ECG data and a difference between recording times of successive pairs of R-wave peaks are recorded as R-R intervals. A heart rate is associated with each time difference. An R-R interval plot of the ECG data is generated. A presence of a cardiac event is displayed by presenting a presence of sinus tachycardia or a presence of bradycardia via the R-R interval plot.

Abstract: An insertable cardiac monitor (ICM) with induction-based recharging capabilities and a transmitting coil for recharging the same are disclosed. The length of the monitoring performed by the ICM is extended and the functionality of the ICM enhanced, by including an internal energy harvesting module that allows for charging the ICM at a high speed without burning the patient or overheating components of the ICM. Internally, the energy harvesting module includes at least two overlapping receiving coils that are spaced to be orthogonal to each other and that have a tilt angle of substantially 45°. Such overlapping wire combination allows to minimize mutual inductance of the solenoid coils and increase the rate at which energy can be provided to the energy harvesting module. Further, the rate at which the energy is transmitted from the outside can be increased by defining in a transmitting coil a substantially triangular gap.

Abstract: Physiological monitoring can be provided through a lightweight wearable monitor that includes two components, a flexible extended wear electrode patch and a reusable monitor recorder that removably snaps into a receptacle on the electrode patch. The wearable monitor sits centrally on the patient's chest along the sternum oriented top-to-bottom. The placement of the wearable monitor in a location at the sternal midline, with its unique narrow “hourglass”-like shape, significantly improves the ability of the wearable monitor to cutaneously sense cardiac electrical potential signals, particularly the P-wave and the QRS interval signals indicating ventricular activity in the ECG waveforms. In particular, the ECG electrodes on the electrode patch are tailored to be positioned axially along the midline of the sternum for capturing action potential propagation in an orientation that corresponds to the aVF lead used in a conventional 12-lead ECG that is used to sense positive or upright P-waves.

Abstract: A system and method for atrial fibrillation detection in non-noise ECG data with the aid of a digital computer are provided. Electrocardiography (ECG) features and annotated patterns of the features are maintained in a database, at least some of the patterns associated with atrial fibrillation. A classifier is trained based on the annotated patterns, the classifier implemented by a convolutional neural network. A representation of an ECG signal recorded by one or more ambulatory monitors is received. Noise is detected in the representations and ECG features in the representation falling within each of the non-noise temporal windows are detected. The trained classifier is used to identify patterns of the ECG features. A value indicative of whether portions of the representation are associated the patient experiencing atrial fibrillation is calculated. That one or more of the portions are associated with the patient experiencing atrial fibrillation is determined.

Abstract: A subcutaneous and cutaneous electrocardiography monitor configured for self-optimizing ECG data compression is provided. The monitors include a housing, an electrocardiographic front end circuit, a memory, and a micro-controller configured to: obtain a series of electrode voltage values based on the sensed electrocardiographic signals; use a plurality of selection schemes to choose one or more of a plurality of compression algorithms associated with each of the selection scheme for testing; test the selected compression algorithms including applying the compression algorithms chosen using each of the selection schemes to a segment of the electrode voltage series; analyze results of the testing; select one or more compression algorithms chosen using one of the selection schemes for compressing at least a portion of the electrode voltage series based on the analysis; obtain a compression of at least the portion of the electrode voltage series; and store the compression within the memory.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided. A strip has first and second end sections, and a first surface and second surface. Two electrocardiographic electrodes are provided on the strip with one of the electrocardiographic electrodes provided on the first surface of the first end section of the strip and another of the electrocardiographic electrodes positioned on the first surface on the second end section of the strip. A flexible circuit is mounted to the second surface of the strip and includes a circuit trace electrically coupled to each of the electrocardiographic electrodes. A wireless transceiver is affixed on one of the first or second end sections, and a battery is positioned on one of the first or second end sections. A processor is positioned on one of the first or second end sections and is housed separate from the battery.

Abstract: A self-authenticating electrocardiography and physiological sensor monitor is provided. A strip includes two rounded ends with a mid-section between the rounded ends. An electrocardiographic electrode is provided on each of the rounded ends. A flexible circuit is mounted to a surface of the strip and includes a circuit trace electrically coupled to each of the electrocardiographic electrodes. A flash memory is positioned on one of the rounded ends to store ECG data collected via the electrocardiographic electrodes and a battery is positioned on one of the rounded ends. A processor is positioned on one of the rounded ends and configured to execute an authentication protocol that checks voltage of the battery and a state of the flash memory, and determines an expiration of the strip.