Abstract: A reactor for the combustion of sulfur includes reactor walls which form a symmetrical base area b, whereby at least two burners are mounted each with a burner holding device. All burner holding devices have the same distance to each other and each burner holding device has the same distance to the a center point z of the base area b. At least one burner holding device is arranged such that during operation the flame of said burner shows an angle ? between 0 and 45° to a center axis a, which is defined as the shortest connection between this burner holding device and the center point z.

Abstract: The above mentioned invention describes a process for cooling a gas mixture of SO2 and/or SO3 and water, wherein the gas mixture is cooled by means of a first heat exchanger carrying a coolant. The temperature of the coolant lies above the dew point of the gas or gas mixture.

Abstract: A process for thermal treatment of a sulfur-containing ore in which the ore is calcined at temperatures of between 600 and 1200° C. in the presence of oxygen in a reactor so that between 1 and 90% by weight of sulfur contained in the ore is burned to sulfur dioxide and impurities contained are driven off in gaseous form. The exhaust gas being produced and containing the sulfur dioxide is fed into a gas purification comprising at least one component and/or the calcined ore is fed into at least one further process stage. An exhaust gas from the gas purification and/or the process stage and/or a gas used for cooling within the gas purification or for cooling within a further process stage is at least partially returned back into the reactor as recycling gas having a temperature of >100° C.

Abstract: The invention describes a process for producing sulfuric acid by catalytic oxidation of SO2 to SO3 and subsequent absorption of the SO3 in sulfuric acid, wherein the SO3 is introduced into a first absorption stage (primary absorber) and at least partly absorbed there in concentrated sulfuric acid, wherein the SO3 not absorbed in the first absorption stage is supplied to a second absorption stage (secondary absorber) for the further absorption in concentrated sulfuric acid, and wherein the sulfuric acid is cooled after passing through the two absorption stages. The cooling of the sulfuric acid is effected in at least two heat exchangers connected in parallel, wherein one of the at least two heat exchangers is operated as partial evaporator and is cooled with boiler feed water/steam and the other one is cooled with cooling water and operated as pure acid cooler.

Abstract: The above mentioned invention describes a process for cooling a gas mixture of SO2 and/or SO3 and water, wherein the gas mixture is cooled by means of a first heat exchanger carrying a coolant. The temperature of the coolant lies above the dew point of the gas or gas mixture.

Abstract: A process for the production of liquid acid, comprising the steps of: feeding liquid acid with a first concentration into a gas purification; passing a gas through the gas purification such that a second concentration of the liquid acid is reached; withdrawing the liquid acid from the sump of the gas purification, where in the gas purification sump is divided by a partition wall into a first and a second section. The concentration of the liquid acid collected in the first section is adjusted to the first concentration. The liquid acid with the first concentration from the first section is at least partially fed back into step and the liquid acid with the second concentration collected in the second section is at least partially withdrawn as product.

Abstract: The invention describes a process for producing sulfuric acid by catalytic oxidation of SO2 to SO3 and subsequent absorption of the SO3 in sulfuric acid, wherein the SO3 is introduced into a first absorption stage (primary absorber) and at least partly absorbed there in concentrated sulfuric acid, wherein the SO3 not absorbed in the first absorption stage is supplied to a second absorption stage (secondary absorber) for the further absorption in concentrated sulfuric acid, and wherein the sulfuric acid is cooled after passing through the two absorption stages. The cooling of the sulfuric acid is effected in at least two heat exchangers connected in parallel, wherein one of the at least two heat exchangers is operated as partial evaporator and is cooled with boiler feed water/steam and the other one is cooled with cooling water and operated as pure acid cooler.

Abstract: A process for the production of liquid acid, comprising the steps of: feeding liquid acid with a first concentration into a gas purification; passing a gas through the gas purification such that a second concentration of the liquid acid is reached; withdrawing the liquid acid from the sump of the gas purification, where in the gas purification sump is divided by a partition wall into a first and a second section. The concentration of the liquid acid collected in the first section is adjusted to the first concentration. The liquid acid with the first concentration from the first section is at least partially fed back into step and the liquid acid with the second concentration collected in the second section is at least partially withdrawn as product.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for use in a contact group of a sulfuric acid plant includes a chamber in which a tube bundle is arranged on a circular ring. A gas space is formed between the tube bundle and a chamber casing surrounding the tube bundle. A gas supply opening is provided in the chamber casing and is configured to introduce a gas into the gas space substantially radially to the tube bundle. A gas outlet opening adjoins an interior space enclosed by the tube bundle in a substantially axial direction. A center of the tube bundle is offset with respect to a center of the chamber casing in a direction opposite to the gas supply opening.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for use in a contact group of a sulfuric acid plant includes a chamber in which a tube bundle is arranged on a circular ring. A gas space is formed between the tube bundle and a chamber casing surrounding the tube bundle. A gas supply opening is provided in the chamber casing and is configured to introduce a gas into the gas space substantially radially to the tube bundle. A gas outlet opening adjoins an interior space enclosed by the tube bundle in a substantially axial direction. A center of the tube bundle is offset with respect to a center of the chamber casing in a direction opposite to the gas supply opening.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process and a plant for producing sulfuric acid, in which a starting gas containing sulfur dioxide at least partly reacts with molecular oxygen in at least one contact with at least one contact stage to form sulfur trioxide, and in which the sulfur-trioxide-containing gas produced is introduced into an absorber and converted there to sulfuric acid. To achieve that only small gas volumes must be supplied to the first contact stage, based on the amount of sulfur dioxide used, with at least the same capacity of the plant and by using conventional catalysts, it is proposed in accordance with the invention to supply to the first contact stage a contact gas with a sulfur dioxide content of more than 16 vol-% and with a volumetric ratio of sulfur dioxide to oxygen of more than 2.67:1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process and a plant for producing sulfuric acid, in which a starting gas containing sulfur dioxide at least partly reacts with molecular oxygen in at least one contact with at least one contact stage to form sulfur trioxide, and in which the sulfur-trioxide-containing gas produced is introduced into an absorber and converted there to sulfuric acid. To achieve that only small gas volumes must be supplied to the first contact stage, based on the amount of sulfur dioxide used, with at least the same capacity of the plant and by using conventional catalysts, it is proposed in accordance with the invention to supply to the first contact stage a contact gas with a sulfur dioxide content of more than 16 vol-% and with a volumetric ratio of sulfur dioxide to oxygen of more than 2.67:1.