Abstract: A wire or felt forming section of a paper-making machine has breast rollers for guiding a respective one of two forming wires. The two rollers are disposed with a pulp gap formed between the two rollers and the wires are disposed just downstream of a pulp suspension ejecting nozzle of a headbox. Each roller is supported against the respective taut forming wire by a hydrostatic bearing. The hydrostatic bearing has two circumferentially separated resiliency chambers provided in a combined region of resiliency disposed over an arc of the circumference of the roller. A sealing strip after the region of resiliency prevents fluid from contacting the wire.

Abstract: A process for drying a paper web and a drying section of a paper making machine. The drying section includes at least one drying group comprised of a plurality of drying cylinders, each at least partially wrapped by a web to be dried. The drying cylinders having peripheral surfaces heated for drying the web moving therepast. The peripheral surfaces of the drying cylinders in the drying groups are rotated at the velocity of the web along the web path. At least one of the drying cylinders in at least one drying group is driven to rotate at a speed that is different than the speed of the web moving past the at least one cylinder. The at least one cylinder may be selectively driven to rotate faster or slower than the speed of the web moving therepast, which applies more heat to the paper web. The invention is adaptable for a single tier drying section and/or for a double tier drying sections or for other drying section arrangements.

Abstract: In a process for the coating of a running web of paper or cardboard, provisions are that in a press gap formed between two rolls a coating substance applied in a very small quantity on the surface of the one roll is first pressed on the web leaving a very thin coat on the web which, however, covers all spots including the "mounds" of microroughness. Next, the second coat can be applied and dosed on the still moist first coat with the usual means. In the process, the first coat is preferably dosed on the shell of the first roll, by means of the peripheral grooves of a rotary doctor. The same may be performed also as regards the second coating on the web.

Abstract: A dry end of a paper making machine has a plurality of dryer groups each in turn comprised of a plurality of heatable dryer cylinders which alternate with reversal rolls. A respective support belt meanders past each dryer cylinder and the succeeding reversal roll in each dryer group. The web to be dried is supported on the side of each support belt to contact the heatable dryer cylinders. The reversal roll that precedes the first dryer cylinder in each succeeding group serves as a web removal roll which is wrapped by the second support belt of the succeeding dryer group. The first support belt of the preceding dryer group has the web on the side of the first belt which is toward the removal roll. The first support belt contacts the second support belt on the removal roll over a smaller part of the circumference of the removal roll than the second support belt. The removal roll transfers the web from the first support belt to the second support belt at the removal roll.

Abstract: A wire or felt forming section of a paper-making machine has breast rollers for guiding a respective one of two forming wires. The two rollers are disposed with a pulp gap formed between the two rollers and the wires are disposed just downstream of a pulp suspension ejecting nozzle of a headbox. Each roller is supported against the respective taut forming wire by a hydrostatic bearing. The hydrostatic bearing has two circumferentially separated resiliency chambers provided in a combined region of resiliency disposed over an arc of the circumference of the roller. A sealing strip after the region of resiliency prevents fluid from contacting the wire.

Abstract: A dry end of a paper making machine comprising two dryer groups of dryer cylinders each followed by a respective web path reversal roll, which may be in the form of a suction guide roll, and a respective porous web support belt that meanders past each dryer cylinder and the next web path reversal roll for each dryer group. The last one of the first dryer group reversal rolls and the first one of the second dryer group reversal rolls, and additional guide rolls for guiding both the first and the second support belts, being so placed that at the place where the web is transferred from the first support belt to the second support belt, there is a spaced distance between the first and the second support belts. A web separation device generally inside the loop of the first support belt and opposite the first one of the second reversal rolls directs air through the first support belt to help transfer the web from the first support belt to the second support belt at the first one of the second reversal rolls.

Abstract: The invention concerns a device for determining the distortions of elongate components with a longitudinal axis. The invention is characterized by a transmitter of electromagnetic radiation including light waves, which at least in an axially parallel plane approximately in the center (at one-half of its length) of the component is attached to its outside or firmly connected with it, and through pickups for the electromagnetic radiation, including light waves, that are arranged in the same axial line with these, outside on the ends of the component, the sensor surface of which pickups, sensitive to the radiation, features sensor elements which are distributed in the way of a faceted eye.

Abstract: A winding machine for winding a traveling web of paper or the like. A carrying drum extends across the web. A first pair of primary levers supports the pins at the end of a cylinder on which the web is to be wound. The primary levers have one end with a fork for receiving a respective journal pin of the cylinder and another end that is mounted in the region of but eccentric to the axis of the carrying drum. The primary levers swing the cylinder over approximately 90.degree. around the carrying drum to a second position. A second pair of secondary swing levers pick up the cylinder at the second position and move it to a third position along a substantially horizontal second pathway. A first drive connected with one primary lever introduces a moment of rotation to the axis of the cylinder moving along the primary path. A sensor detects the radial position of the cylinder and a setting device adjusts the radial position of the first drive in order to align it with the cylinder.

Abstract: A device for dosing coating substances onto a travelling web. A doctor roll has circumferential grooves which are separated from each other by lands. Each of the lands has a surface parallel to the center axis of the roll when viewed in the direction of the center axis. The respective widths of the lands, viewed in the center axis direction, maximally equal the maximum width of the cross section of the circumferential grooves.

Abstract: A coating process for coating traveling webs comprises applying a first coating layer of a pigment substance on a portion of the shell surface of a rotatable roll not covered by the material web, and pressing the pigment substance onto the web in a press gap, thereby impregnating the web. This makes it possible to apply with maximum uniformity and without web breaks and wrinkles a second coating layer of a pigment substance immediately successive to the application of the first layer, while the first layer is still moist.

Abstract: A doctor bar consists of two different circular disks that are clamped or fixed in some other way on a cylindrical carrier bar. Circular disks having a smaller diameter and made from elastic material alternate with circular disks that have a larger diameter and are made of a very wear-resistant material, specifically ceramic. The difference in the outside diameter makes for one-half the groove of peripheral grooves of the doctor bar that are formed between the various circular disks.

Abstract: In a coating device, a doctor blade is bent S-shaped for application of its contact force by means of a pressure bar. An additional force of a profile correction device is exerted for profile correction by means of magnets. This additional force acts preferably opposite to the main contact force. This prevents the profile correction device from causing a change of the geometry of the doctor blade in the contact area of the spreading edge of the doctor blade.

Abstract: In order to clean the support region at the bottom end of a doctor element which is clamped to a support and is thereby held to the surface of spreadable material to be doctored, the leaf spring doctor element is removable from a stop on the support against which the leaf spring is clamped in operation by a plate pusher. The support is shaped to have a groove extending along the width of the stop and the support for the doctor element. A sidewall of the groove is defined in a ledge that is movable along the support and along the groove. The sidewall supports oscillation pulse transmitters. A liquid pulse transmitting medium in the groove transmits the oscillations across the grove to the area of the leaf spring support to be cleaned. The oscillation pulse transmitters may be a series of transmitters extending along the sidewall along the groove or may comprise a long bar shaped oscillator which is oscillated at its ends.

Abstract: A hollow cylinder exhibits an internal body, which forms a sickle-shaped space by means of a partial cylindrical surface arranged eccentrically to the hollow cylinder, with a smaller radius than its internal radius. In this space there is created a vacuum on rotation of the hollow cylinder. By This means air is sucked out of the area through the boreholes of the hollow cylinder, where a web of material wraps the hollow cylinder. This leads to a firmer adherence of the web on material to the hollow cylinder.

Abstract: A doctor bar consists of two different circular disks that are clamped or fixed in some other way on a cylindrical carrier bar. Circular disks having a smaller diameter and made from elastic material alternate with circular disks that have a larger diameter and are made of a very wear-resistant material, specifically ceramic. The difference in the outside diameter makes for one-half the groove of peripheral grooves of the doctor bar that are formed between the various circular disks.

Abstract: The coating device features a first applicator which, to begin with, forces coating substance applied on the shell of a web roll (1), in a press gap formed between said roll and a press roll (2), into the web (W), thereby impregnating it. This makes it possible to apply with maximum uniformity and without web breaks and wrinkles, immediately successively, a second coating layer during the still wet condition of the first layer where, naturally, again a web guide roll (3) is provided.

Abstract: In a coating device, a doctor blade is bent S-shaped for application of its contact force by means of a pressure bar. An additional force of a profile correction device is exerted for profile correction by means of magnets. This additional force acts preferably opposite to the main contact force. This prevents the profile correction device from causing a change of the geometry of the doctor blade in the contact area of the spreading edge of the doctor blade.

Abstract: A single wire dryer group for a web producing, and particularly a papermaking, machine. A plurality of heatable drying cylinders arrayed in a row. A respective suction reversing roll is disposed between adjacent drying cylinders. An endless support belt for the web to be dried travels alternately over a drying cylinder over the next adjacent reversing roll and then over the next adjacent drying cylinder. Movable bearings support each of the reversing rolls so that the distance between the reversing roll and at least the preceding drying cylinder in the path of the belt is variable. The direction of motion of the berarings is parallel to the central plane joining the axes of the two drying cylinders adjacent the respective reversing roll. The reversing roll has an initial normal position closer to the preceding web supplying drying cyinder and further from the following web receiving drying cylinder. The bearings are selectively also movable over a large distance from the respective adjacent drying cylinders.

Abstract: A hollow cylinder exhibits an internal body, which forms a sickle-shaped space by means of a partial cylindrical surface arranged eccentrically to the hollow cylinder, with a smaller radius than its internal radius. In this space there is created a vacuum on rotation of the hollow cylinder. By this means air is sucked out of the area through the boreholes of the hollow cylinder, where a web of material wraps the hollow cylinder. This leads to a firmer adherence of the web on material to the hollow cylinder.

Abstract: A double screen former for the manufacture of a paper web has two continuous screens forming together a double screen zone. The one screen runs in the double screen zone across rigid laths that are arranged on the dewatering box at a mutual spacing. Additionally, the other screen runs in the double screen zone across several laths which are supported by means of flexible elements and can be forced on the screen at a selective force. The space between the flexibly supported laths is at least approximately twice as large as the space between the rigid laths.