Abstract: A method inputting starting and destination points into an electronic navigation system for motor vehicles in which relevant data of street system maps comprising a street identification character and reference point coordinates with assigned house numbers, are stored in a data storage. When inputting, the street identification character and house number of the starting and destination point are entered, then the data storage is first searched for the street identification character and then for the inputted house number. When there is agreement with a house number of the reference points in the data storage its coordinates are taken over for navigation. When there is a disagreement, the reference points adjacent to it in the data storage are determined and the coordinates of the starting or destination point are determined by means of interpolation and used for navigation (FIG. 20).

Abstract: A supporting and adjusting device for a counter-cutter rail of a field chopper having a cutting element with a partially surrounding bottom, the device comprises a saddle arranged so that the countercutter rail can lie on the saddle, two levers supported outside a surface of the cutting element and adjusting a distance from the saddle to the outer surface of the cutting element, the saddle being fixedly connectable with the countercutter rail and adjustable about a stationary axis extending parallel to a circumference of the cutting elements so that the saddle together with the countercutter rail can be adjusted to be at different distances to the outer surface of the cutting element.

Abstract: A method for determining the north direction or the travel direction of a vehicle having an electronic compass is proposed by means of which field disturbances at the magnetometer of the compass, occurring during the navigation drive, are measured and evaluated for avoiding angle errors on the direction indication of the compass. For this purpose, the measurement values (Px, y) of the magnetometer are continuously checked by an evaluating circuit of the navigation system and with a deviation (.DELTA.x, y) of several successive measurement values past a predetermined tolerance range (A) of the locus diagram and a simultaneous angle change of the earth's magnetic field vector, an intervention is effected in the direction indication. In this connection, according to the invention, the rate of change (.DELTA..zeta.

Abstract: A method for determining the direction of the earth field, the north direction and the travelling direction of a vehicle by way of a magnetometer mounted in the vehicle is based on dynamic compensation or updating of interfering field changes. For this purpose, a resultant vector (v.sub.K) is formed from the magnetic field vector (V.sub.M) effective at the magnetometer, the previous hard-magnetic interfering field vector (H.sub.H) and the nominal vector (V.sub.P) determined from the circle diagram (O) of the magnetic field, as interfering field change in accordance with the equation v.sub.K =V.sub.M -v.sub.B -H.sub.H and this vector is weighted with a factor (k<1). The weighted resultant vector (K.times.v.sub.K) is then added to the previous interfering field vector (H.sub.H). Using the new hard-magnetic interfering field vector (H.sub.H'), thus determined, the direction of the earth field is then calculated in known manner and evaluated for navigation.

Abstract: A device for measuring the distance and direction of destinations on road maps from a starting point is suggested which serves for the data input of intermediate destinations in navigation devices. The device comprises an angle measuring plate (10) with a 360-degree scale (13) which is arranged concentrically relative to a central borehole (14) and which begins with the north direction. A bracket (11) is supported at the central borehole (14) so as to be rotatable and carries a measuring tape case (12) at its end area (11b) and a guide (20) for a measuring tape (19) at its opposite end area (11c), the measuring tape (19) being arranged in such a way that, when drawn out of the measuring tape case (12), the measuring tape (19) extends away radially in an outward direction with its one lateral edge over the center of the degree scale (13).

Abstract: A navigation method for motor vehicles having a display device (10) for representing trip destinations is proposed, in which prior to the beginning of a trip the destination data are input into a memory (12) and during the trip, by means of a composite navigation system (11-14) the instantaneous location of the vehicle with respect to the trip destination is displayed continuously. The navigation method provides that upon attaining the trip destination, the deviations of the input destination from the location, ascertained via the composite navigation, are processed for the calculation of correction values. The correction values are stored in memory, and they serve to update code numbers for distance and direction of the composite navigation system, for subsequent trips.

Abstract: A method for establishing the driving direction of a motor vehicle is suggested with an electronic compass which is provided with a magnetometer having two probes being turned by 90.degree. with respect to each other and an evaluation circuit. For establishing the ground field (He) and its angle (.phi.') in a vector diagram (X,Y) at first the measuring points (M1 . . . M4) with the maximum and minimum values (x,y) of the elliptical polar frequency (O) of the magnetic field (H) measured on the magnotemeter by turning the vehicle are picked up and from this the vector of a fixed interference field (Hs) with the coordinates of the center point (P) is established as a parameter of the polar frequency (O). Thereafter, the measuring points (M5 . . . M8) of the magnetic field (H) with the maximum and minimum distances of the points on the polar frequency (O) with respect to its center point (P) are picked up and from this the length of the semiaxis (a,b) are established as parameters of the polar frequency (O).

Abstract: A method and a circuit for determining the optimum gear, in terms of fuel consumption, of a motor vehicle drive is proposed, in which after upshifting, a driving power sufficient for accelerating the vehicle is to be made available regardless of such power parameters as total vehicle weight, roadway grades and the like and also regardless of the gear ratios of the gear steps. To this end, during driving, the gear ratios of the gear steps are ascertained by comparing the speeds (n, n.sub.1) before and after the transmission (12). Furthermore, these speed values (n, n.sub.1) as well as the gas pedal position (.phi.) are continuously stored briefly in memory during the drive, and a standardized power is ascertained based on the change in the driving speed (n.sub.1). After a gear shifting operation, the newly ascertained standardized power is compared with the standardized power ascertained prior to shifting, and if the new standardized power is the same or greater, the values for the driving speed (n.sub.

Abstract: To provide for adaptive change of the operating characteristics of an engine, so that it will operate at its optimum effectiveness, just below the knocking limit, while reliably preventing knocking thereof, a computer receives engine data from respective sensors and a knock sensor (5), from which the computer calculates, based on data stored in a memory (3), operating parameters for the engine (1). The engine is, for example, an Otto-type internal combustion engine (ICE) or a Diesel engine. The operating characteristics, as computer-modified based on sensed knocking, and the modification data, are then placed into the memory to modify the basic memory content. Preferably, the memory has a basic memory content section and a programmable differential or modification section, in which algebraic constants or modifying factors are stored, based on actual experience of operation of the engine, just under the knocking limit.

Abstract: A commutator-type d-c motor has its line current connected through a sensing resistor (18) or transformer (18'), the pulses of which, upon energization, are counted in a counter (C) and also passed to a speed sensing circuit (S) in a control circuit (30), energization of the motor being disconnected if the frequency of undulations or waviness of the motor current drops, thus indicating that the positioned element, for example an antenna, window, or sliding roof of an automobile has reached a limiting position. The counter can be used to establish intermediate positions, upon suitable control by a selector switch (27) or a reference count number stage (C-Ref) controlled, for example, by a potentiometer (P) or from the selector switch (27). A timing circuit (T) prevents short-circuit through the motor upon manual sudden reversal of command of direction of rotation.

Abstract: An arrangement for grinding a chopping cutter of a drum-chopper machine has a grinding tool, a grinding carriage which carries the grinding tool and is reciprocable parallel to an axis of rotation of the chopper drum over a length of the latter, a drive for driving the grinding carriage and including a double-acting cylinder-and-piston unit with a cylinder movable parallel to the axis of a chopper drum of the machine, and a control device for reversing the direction of movement of the cylinder of the cylinder-and-piston unit and including a control valve connected with the cylinder and two abutment members located at opposite sides of the control valve, as considered in the direction of movement of the cylinder and arranged so that, when the control member meets a respective one of the abutment members, the direction of movement of the cylinder is reversed.

Abstract: A hay harvesting machine comprises a movable support; a drum supported on the support for rotation about a horizontal axis transversal to the direction of motion of the machine; driving means for rotating the drum; conveying members for the cut mass provided on the periphery of said drum; and a plurality of rollers each supported on said chassis for freewheeling about an axis parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum, said rollers being arranged concentrically about the periphery of the drum and being closely spaced peripherally from each other and from the drum, whereby the cut mass is moved by said conveyor means upon rotation of the drum into the space between the rollers and the drum where it is broken up before being discharged to the ground.