Abstract: A device includes a thinned semiconductor substrate having a first side and a second side opposite to the first side; and at least one radio frequency device at the first side, wherein the second side of the thinned semiconductor substrate is processed to reduce leakage currents or to improve a radio frequency linearity of the at least one radio frequency device through Bosch etching.

Abstract: The present invention relates to reagents which are suitable to be used in mass spectrometry as well as methods of mass spectrometric determination of analyte molecules using said reagents.

Abstract: The present invention concerns the use of compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## for the preparation of medicaments for the treatment of viral or retroviral infections, whereby R signifies a hydrogen atom or a straight-chained or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical with 1-7 carbon atoms, which can possibly be substituted by phenyl, or a phenyl ring which can possibly be substituted one or more times by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, hydroxyl, trifluoromethyl, methylsulphonyl or halogen, such as fluorine, chlorine or bromine, n stands for the numbers 0, 1 or 2, as well as of their pharmacologically compatible salts or tautomers.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for obtaining sarcosine oxidase from micro-organisms by culturing thereof and obtaining the enzyme from the biomass or from the culture broth, wherein a Pseudomonas strain is cultured.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of use for a hydrogen peroxide-forming oxidase, wherein the enzyme is obtained from Streptomycetaceae and at 25.degree. C., in 0.15 mol/liter potassium phosphate (pH 7.9), in the presence of surface-active substances, still shows after 2 days an activity of at least 40% of the initial activity. This enzyme is useful in the determination of sarcosine, creatine and creatinine.

Abstract: There is described the use of pyrrothine derivatives of the general formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 signify hydrogen or methyl, R.sub.2 hydrogen, methyl or an acyl group with 1 to 5 carbon atoms and X and Y signify hydrogen, an equivalent of a physiolgically acceptable cation or together a single bond, for the inhibition of the allergen-induced degranulation of peripheral leukocytes.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hydrogen peroxide-forming sarcosine oxidase, wherein it is obtainable from Streptomycetaceae and at 25.degree. C. in 0.15 mol/liter potassium phosphate (pH 7.9), in the presence of surface-active substances, still shows after 2 days an activity of at least 40% of the initial activity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new pyruvate oxidase which decarboxylates pyruvate with the formation of hydrogen peroxide, characterized in that it is active without the addition of FAD, TPP and divalent metal ions.The present invention also provides a process for preparing this new enzyme and a reagent containing it.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for obtaining cholesterol esterase from micro-organisms by culturing a micro-organism capable of forming cholesterol esterase in an appropriate nutrient medium in the presence of an inductor and obtaining the enzyme from the culture liquid and/or from the cells, therein the inductor used is a compound of the general formula: ##STR1## in which R and R.sub.1 are alkyl or alkoxy radicals containing 14 to 18 carbon atoms and R or R.sub.1 can also be a hydrogen atom and R.sub.2 is an alkylamino radical containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkyl-trimethylammonium radical containing 3 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkylpyridine radical containing up to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety or a radical of the general formula --CH.sub.2 --(CHOH).sub.n --CH.sub.2 OH, in which n is a whole number of from 1 to 4.

Abstract: A L(+)-tartrate dehydrogenase with L(+)-tartrate dehydrogenase and D(+)-malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) activity, which can be obtained from Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides, and also a process for the production thereof.Furthermore, a process and a reagent for the determination of L(+)-tartrate and of D(+)-malate.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for correcting the unbalance present in a rotor in one or several correction steps by adding or removing material only to or from given points on the rotating body on which only a limited quantity of material is available for correction, with the unbalance being resolved into components as given by the design of the rotor, with correction being carried out in one of several given components, and with the unbalance determined being eliminated in the given components as to the possibility permitting the least quantity of material to be added or removed in a minimum number of correction runs, so that finally an uninterrupted sequence of correction points is available on the rotor.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the determination of NAD(P)H or of salicylate, wherein, in a NAD(P)H-dependent reaction, salicylate is decarboxylated by salicylate hydroxylase and a colored material is formed from the decarboxylation product in the presence of tyrosinase by oxidative coupling with an appropriate colored material component, the colored material formed then being determined photometrically.The present invention also provides a reagent for the determination of NADH or NADPH, wherein it contains salicylate, a chromogenic hydrazone or amine, salicylate hydroxylase, tyrosinase and buffer, as well as a reagent for the determination of salicylate, wherein it contains NAD(P)H, a chromogenic hydrazone or amine, salicylate hydroxylase, tyrosinase and buffer.

Abstract: For the determination of glycerin by oxidation with oxygen in the presence of glycerinoxidase and measurement of the oxygen consumption or of the H.sub.2 O.sub.2 formation, a glycerinoxidase from Aspergillus spec. DSM 1729 is used. A reagent suitable for this method consists of glycerinoxidase from Aspergillus spec. DSM 1729 and a system for the determination of H.sub.2 O.sub.2 and contains additionally, if desired, an agent for the saponification of esterified glycerin.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for obtaining glucose dehydrogenase by culturing a micro-organism in an appropriate nutrient medium and obtaining the enzyme from the cell mass or from the culture medium, wherein the micro-organism cultured is Bacillus cereus DSM 1644. The nutrient medium used contains a carbon source which consists predominantly or solely of glycerol.

Abstract: Process for obtaining high yields of glycerol dehydrogenase from micro-organisms and glycerol dehydrogenase having a low K.sub.M value.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the determination of .beta.-lactamases by the use of 7-cyanoacetylaminocephalosporanic acid and measurement of the colored material thereby formed, wherein ammonium ions are added to the material to be tested, together with phosphate ions and/or an agent splitting off oxygen.The present invention also provides a reagent for the determination of .beta.-lactamases based upon 7-cyanoacetylaminocephalosporanic acid, which reagent additionally contains ammonium ions, together with phosphate ions and/or an agent splitting off oxygen.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for obtaining cholesterol esterase from micro-organisms of the genus Pseudomonas, wherein Pseudomonas sp. DSM 1280 or DSM 1281 is cultured in an appropriate culture medium in the presence of an inducer and the enzyme is obtained from the culture medium and/or from the cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for obtaining cholesterol esterase from micro-organisms, wherein a micro-organism capable of cholesterol esterase formation is cultured in an appropriate nutrient medium in the presence of lecithin as inducer and the enzyme is obtained from the culture medium and/or from the cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for obtaining cholesterol oxidase, wherein Streptomyces griseofuscus DSM 40191, Streptomyces hygroscopicus 40771, Streptomyces acidomyceticus DSM 40798 and/or Arthrobacter paraffinens DSM 312 are cultured and the enzyme obtained from the culture supernatant and/or the cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for obtaining maltose phosphorylase and/or .beta.-phosphoglucomutase from micro-organisms, wherein the starting material used is selected from Lactobacillus brevis DSM 20054, NCIB 8836, 8561 and 8562, Lactobacillus plantarum DSM 20174 and 43, Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 20016, Lactobacillus fermentum DSM 20052, Streptococcus spec. DSM 1118, DSM 119, DSM 1120 and DSM 1121.The present invention also provides a composition and process for determining .alpha.-amylase, wherein maltose phosphorylase and .beta.-phosphoglucomutase obtained by such a process is used, as a crude extract or in an enriched form, optionally with the addition of .alpha.-glucose-1,6-diphosphate and of divalent manganese ions.