Abstract: In a process for producing phenol, benzene is hydroalkylated with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst under conditions effective to produce a hydroalkylation reaction product comprising cyclohexylbenzene and cyclohexane. At least a portion of the cyclohexane from said hydroalkylation reaction product is then dehydrogenated to produce a dehydrogenation effluent comprising benzene, toluene and hydrogen. At least a portion of the dehydrogenation effluent is washed with a benzene-containing stream to transfer at least a portion of the toluene from the dehydrogenation effluent to the benzene-containing stream.

Abstract: In a process for the dehydrogenation of cyclohexanone to produce phenol, a feed comprising cyclohexanone is contacted with a dehydrogenation catalyst under dehydrogenation conditions comprising a temperature of less than 400° C. and a pressure of less than 690 kPa, gauge, such 0.1 to 50 wt % of the cyclohexanone in said feed is converted to phenol and the dehydrogenation product contains less than 100 ppm by weight of alkylbenzenes.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, implementing and using techniques for computing motion vectors in a digital video sequence are disclosed. A recursive hierarchical method is used to determine a motion vector by using multiple resolution levels of the image frames. A best motion vector is first determined for the lowest resolution level. The best motion vector is propagated to a higher resolution level, where some adjustments are made and a new best motion vector is determined. The new best motion vector is propagated to yet another higher resolution level, where more adjustments are made and another new best motion vector is determined. This process is repeated until the highest, original, resolution level has been reached and a best motion vector has been identified. The identified best motion vector at the original resolution level is used for performing motion compensation.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for allowing color adjustments in display devices is disclosed The apparatus comprises a multi-resolution structure for providing color adjustments; and an interpolator for interpolating at least one offset of the multi-resolution structure. An apparatus and method in accordance with the present invention uses a combination of color look-up tables with different levels of resolution, followed by interpolation to provide a display process which has high resolution but utilizes minimal memory. In so doing, memory is used for high-resolution areas only where needed. The multi-resolution structure is a very good approximation to the theoretical mapping table in the areas where it is needed. At the same time, since the high resolution areas are localized, a significant reduction in memory storage is possible.

Abstract: A method and apparatus that allows a display device to adaptively and automatically control display contrast and color is disclosed. The method and system in accordance with the present invention can be described by the following sequential process: 1. Separating an input image data value into its luma and chroma components. 2. Collecting the luma distribution data over the entire image or a specified window. 3. Analyzing the luma distribution. 4. Generating an appropriate contrast control response that modifies the input luma component to generate an output luma component, on a pixel by pixel basis. 5. Analyzing the input luma component and the output luma component, and an input chroma component, to generate an appropriate modification for the chroma component, on a pixel by pixel basis.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, implementing and using techniques for camera pan vector estimation, are disclosed. A camera model is provided for representing motion vectors based on a plurality of parameters. A distribution of the motion vectors is generated. A cluster in the distribution of motion vectors is identified. A center of mass of the identified cluster is determined. The camera pan vector is provided based upon the determined center of mass.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, implementing and using techniques for performing temporal motion vector filtering in digital video are disclosed. A recursive hierarchical process is used to determine a motion vector. In the recursive hierarchical process, a neighborhood of old motion vectors is filtered to generate a first estimated motion vector for an image patch in a pair of two image frames. The filtering process uses multiple vectors in a neighborhood around the old motion vector to improve the prediction of the first estimated motion vector. The temporal vector partitioning process separates motion vectors associated with an object from motion vectors associated with a background before selecting a best motion vector, which improves the selection process. The process also works well in the absence of object/background boundaries, as in this case the outlier (incorrect) vector or vectors will be separated out from the good vectors.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, implementing and using techniques for computing motion vectors in a digital video sequence are disclosed. A recursive hierarchical method is used to determine a motion vector by using multiple resolution levels of the image frames. A best motion vector is first determined for the lowest resolution level. The best motion vector is propagated to a higher resolution level, where some adjustments are made and a new best motion vector is determined. The new best motion vector is propagated to yet another higher resolution level, where more adjustments are made and another new best motion vector is determined. This process is repeated until the highest, original, resolution level has been reached and a best motion vector has been identified. The identified best motion vector at the original resolution level is used for performing motion compensation.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, implementing and using techniques for determining motion vectors to be used for interpolation of intermediary frames in a digital video sequence are disclosed. A first image frame including several image patches is received. A second image frame including one or more image patches corresponding to the image patches in the first image frame is received. For each image patch that occurs in both frames, the following operations occur: forward and backward motion vectors are determined for the image patch in the first image frame, forward and backward motion vectors are determined for the image patch in the second image frame, one motion vector from the first image frame and one motion vector from the second frame are selected and the selected motion vectors are used to establish an intermediary position of the image patch in an interpolated frame between the frames.

Abstract: Automatically and adaptively controlling contrast and color of a display device by computing a normalized histogram of a current image, computing degrees of correlation between the normalized histogram and a number of template histograms, sorting the template histograms based upon the associated degrees of correlation, selecting a number of the best correlated template histograms based on the sorting, blending the selected the transfer functions associated with the selected template histograms to form a blended transfer function, and applying the blended transfer function to the current image.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for allowing color adjustments in display devices is disclosed The apparatus comprises a multi-resolution structure for providing color adjustments; and an interpolator for interpolating at least one offset of the multi-resolution structure. An apparatus and method in accordance with the present invention uses a combination of color look-up tables with different levels of resolution, followed by interpolation to provide a display process which has high resolution but utilizes minimal memory. In so doing, memory is used for high-resolution areas only where needed. The multi-resolution structure is a very good approximation to the theoretical mapping table in the areas where it is needed. At the same time, since the high resolution areas are localized, a significant reduction in memory storage is possible.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for allowing color adjustments in display devices is disclosed The apparatus comprises a multi-resolution structure for providing color adjustments; and an interpolator for interpolating at least one offset of the multi-resolution structure. An apparatus and method in accordance with the present invention uses a combination of color look-up tables with different levels of resolution, followed by interpolation to provide a display process which has high resolution but utilizes minimal memory. In so doing, memory is used for high-resolution areas only where needed. The multi-resolution structure is a very good approximation to the theoretical mapping table in the areas where it is needed. At the same time, since the high resolution areas are localized, a significant reduction in memory storage is possible.

Abstract: A method and apparatus that allows a display device to adaptively and automatically control display contrast and color is disclosed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus that allows a display device to adaptively and automatically control display contrast and color is disclosed. The method and system in accordance with the present invention can be described by the following sequential process: 1. Separating an input image data value into its luma and chroma components. 2. Collecting the luma distribution data over the entire image or a specified window. 3. Analyzing the luma distribution. 4. Generating an appropriate contrast control response that modifies the input luma component to generate an output luma component, on a pixel by pixel basis. 5. Analyzing the input luma component and the output luma component, and an input chroma component, to generate an appropriate modification for the chroma component, on a pixel by pixel basis.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for allowing color adjustments in display devices is disclosed The apparatus comprises a multi-resolution structure for providing color adjustments; and an interpolator for interpolating at least one offset of the multi-resolution structure. An apparatus and method in accordance with the present invention uses a combination of color look-up tables with different levels of resolution, followed by interpolation to provide a display process which has high resolution but utilizes minimal memory. In so doing, memory is used for high-resolution areas only where needed. The multi-resolution structure is a very good approximation to the theoretical mapping table in the areas where it is needed. At the same time, since the high resolution areas are localized, a significant reduction in memory storage is possible.

Abstract: Methods for removing a non-enveloped virus from a sample containing a target compound and non-enveloped virus contamination place the sample containing the target compound in a solvent chamber of an electrophoresis apparatus having a cathode and an anode, and a first solvent chamber being separated from a second solvent chamber by a separation barrier that has a defined pore size. The solvent chambers and the separation barrier are located between the cathode and anode.

Abstract: Low cost, highly aqueous, thickened heavy duty liquid laundry detergent compositions are provided. Such compositions contain relatively low levels of surfactant materials, a formate-based viscosity-enhancing agent, a selected type of thickening perfume and relatively large amounts of water. Only minimal amounts of other detergent composition adjuvants are permitted in such compositions.

Abstract: Low cost, effective aqueous heavy duty liquid laundry detergent compositions are provided. Such compositions contain relatively low levels of an anionic/nonionic-based suffactant system along with a protease-containing enzyme component, a low-cost viscosity-enhancing agent and relativly large amounts of water. The anionic component of the surfactant system comprises a combination of alkyl sulfate and alkyl ether sulfate. The nonionic component of the suffactant system comprises fatty alcohol ethoxylates. Only minimal amounts of other detergent composition adjuvants are permitted in such compositions.

Abstract: Low cost, effective aqueous heavy duty liquid laundry detergent compositions are provided. Such compositions contain relatively low levels of an anionic/nonionic-based surfactant system along with a protease-containing enzyme component and relatively large amounts of water. The anionic component of the surfactant system comprises a combination of alkyl sulfate and alkyl ether sulfate. The nonionic component of the surfactant system comprises fatty alcohol ethoxylates. Only minimal amounts of other detergent composition adjuvants are permitted in such compositions.