Abstract: A system is provided for hydrogen production from a hydrogen and carbon containing fuel combusted within an oxyfuel combustor. The oxyfuel combustor combusts hydrogen and carbon containing fuel with oxygen at a non-stoichiometric ratio, typically fuel rich. In such an operating mode, products of combustion include steam, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and hydrogen. These products of combustion are then passed through a hydrogen separator where hydrogen is separated. Remaining products of combustion can be optionally combusted at a stoichiometric ratio with oxygen in a second oxyfuel combustor discharging substantially only steam and carbon dioxide. A turbine can be provided downstream from the gas generator to produce power and eliminate carbon monoxide from the system. The system can be operated in a second mode where the gas generator combusts the fuel with oxygen at a stoichiometric ratio to maximize electric power generation without hydrogen production at periods of peak electric power demand.

Abstract: A low or no pollution engine is provided for delivering power for vehicles or other power applications. The engine has an air inlet which collects air from a surrounding environment. At least a portion of the nitrogen in the air is removed. The remaining gas is primarily oxygen, which is then routed to a gas generator. The gas generator has inputs for the oxygen and a hydrocarbon fuel. The fuel and oxygen are combusted within the gas generator, forming water and carbon dioxide. The combustion products are then expanded through a power generating device, such as a turbine or piston expander to deliver output power for operation of a vehicle or other power uses. The combustion products are then passed through a condenser where the steam is condensed and the carbon dioxide is collected or discharged. A portion of the water is routed back to the gas generator. The carbon dioxide is compressed and delivered to a terrestrial formation from which return of the CO2 into the atmosphere is inhibited.

Abstract: A coal syngas or other syngas fired power plant is provided with no atmospheric emissions. Coal or other starter fuel is gasified within a gasifier which also receives oxygen and steam therein. The oxygen is provided from an air separator. Syngas produced within the gasifier is combusted within a gas generator along with oxygen from the air separator. Water is also introduced into the gas generator to control the temperature of combustion of the syngas with the oxygen. Products of combustion including steam and carbon dioxide are produced within the gas generator. The combustion products are expanded through a turbine for power output and then separated, such as within a condenser. Water discharged from the condenser is at least partially recirculated back to the gasifier and the gas generator. Carbon dioxide from the separator is compressed for capture without release into the atmosphere.

Abstract: A water purification system and method based on reverse osmosis is provided. An inlet of supplied water to be purified is driven by a first flow propelling device which drives inlet supplied water flow to an upstream side of a membrane. An outlet of reject water from the upstream side of the membrane is driven by a second flow propelling device. The first and second flow propelling devices are powered by a common driving shaft or otherwise linked or controlled so that a ratio of inlet flow to outlet flow is maintained constant and a rate of permeate flow from a downstream side of the membrane is also kept constant.

Abstract: A low or no pollution engine is provided for delivering power for vehicles or other power applications. The engine has an air inlet which collects air from a surrounding environment. At least a portion of the nitrogen in the air is removed. The remaining gas is primarily oxygen, which is then routed to a gas generator. The gas generator has inputs for the oxygen and a hydrocarbon fuel. The fuel and oxygen are combusted within the gas generator, forming water and carbon dioxide. The combustion products are then expanded through a power generating device, such as a turbine or piston expander to deliver output power for operation of a vehicle or other power uses. The combustion products are then passed through a condenser where the steam is condensed and the carbon dioxide is collected or discharged. A portion of the water is routed back to the gas generator. The carbon dioxide is compressed and delivered to a terrestrial formation from which return of the CO2 into the atmosphere is inhibited.

Abstract: A low or no pollution engine is provided for delivering power for vehicles or other power applications. The engine has an air inlet which collects air from a surrounding environment. At least a portion of the nitrogen in the air is removed using a technique such as liquefaction, pressure swing adsorption or membrane based air separation. The remaining gas is primarily oxygen, which is then compressed and routed to a gas generator. The gas generator has an igniter and inputs for the high pressure oxygen and a high pressure hydrogen-containing fuel, such as hydrogen, methane or a light alcohol. The fuel and oxygen are combusted within the gas generator, forming water and carbon dioxide with carbon containing fuels. Water is also delivered into the gas generator to control the temperature of the combustion products. The combustion products are then expanded through a power generating device, such as a turbine or piston expander to deliver output power for operation of a vehicle or other power uses.

Abstract: A coal syngas or other syngas fired power plant is provided with no atmospheric emissions. Coal or other starter fuel is gasified within a gasifier which also receives oxygen and steam therein. The oxygen is provided from an air separator. Syngas produced within the gasifier is combusted within a gas generator along with oxygen from the air separator. Water is also introduced into the gas generator to control the temperature of combustion of the syngas with the oxygen. Products of combustion including steam and carbon dioxide are produced within the gas generator. The combustion products are expanded through a turbine for power output and then separated, such as within a condenser. Water discharged from the condenser is at least partially recirculated back to the gasifier and the gas generator. Carbon dioxide from the separator is compressed for capture without release into the atmosphere.

Abstract: A low or no pollution engine is provided for delivering power for vehicles or other power applications. The engine has an air inlet which collects air from a surrounding environment. At least a portion of the nitrogen in the air is removed using a technique such as liquefaction, pressure swing adsorption or membrane based air separation. The remaining gas is primarily oxygen, which is then compressed and routed to a gas generator. The gas generator has an igniter and inputs for the high pressure oxygen and a high pressure hydrogen-containing fuel, such as hydrogen, methane or a light alcohol. The fuel and oxygen are combusted within the gas generator, forming water and carbon dioxide with carbon containing fuels. Water is also delivered into the gas generator to control the temperature of the combustion products. The combustion products are then expanded through a power generating device, such as a turbine or piston expander to deliver output power for operation of a vehicle or other power uses.

Abstract: A low or no pollution engine is provided for delivering power for vehicles or other power applications. The engine has an air inlet which collects air from a surrounding environment. At least a portion of the nitrogen in the air is removed using a technique such as liquefaction, pressure swing adsorption or membrane based air separation. The remaining gas is primarily oxygen, which is then compressed and routed to a gas generator. The gas generator has an igniter and inputs for the high pressure oxygen and a high pressure hydrogen-containing fuel, such as hydrogen, methane or a light alcohol. The fuel and oxygen are combusted within the gas generator, forming water and carbon dioxide with carbon containing fuels. Water is also delivered into the gas generator to control the temperature of the combustion products. The combustion products are then expanded through a power generating device, such as a turbine or piston expander to deliver output power for operation of a vehicle or other power uses.

Abstract: A low or no pollution engine is provided for delivering power for vehicles or other power applications. The engine has an air inlet which collects air from a surrounding environment. At least a portion of the nitrogen in the air is removed using a technique such as liquefaction, pressure swing adsorption or membrane based air separation. The remaining gas is primarily oxygen, which is then compressed and routed to a gas generator. The gas generator has an igniter and inputs for the high pressure oxygen and a high pressure hydrogen-containing fuel, such as hydrogen, methane or a light alcohol. The fuel and oxygen are combusted within the gas generator, forming water and carbon dioxide with carbon containing fuels. Water is also delivered into the gas generator to control the temperature of the combustion products. The combustion products are then expanded through a power generating device, such as a turbine or piston expander to deliver output power for operation of a vehicle or other power uses.

Abstract: A low or no pollution engine is provided for delivering power for vehicles or other power applications. The engine has an air inlet which collects air from a surrounding environment. At least a portion of the nitrogen in the air is removed using a technique such as liquefaction, pressure swing adsorption or membrane based air separation. The remaining gas is primarily oxygen, which is then compressed and routed to a gas generator. The gas generator has an igniter and inputs for the high pressure oxygen and a high pressure hydrogen-containing fuel, such as hydrogen, methane or a light alcohol. The fuel and oxygen are combusted within the gas generator, forming water and carbon dioxide with carbon containing fuels. Water is also delivered into the gas generator to control the temperature of the combustion products. The combustion products are then expanded through a power generating device, such as a turbine or piston expander to deliver output power for operation of a vehicle or other power uses.

Abstract: A method of treating and disposing of waste water containing salt, such as the brine that results from production of oil and/or gas wells, which includes introducing the waste water into a reverse osmosis unit to produce concentrated brine, and passing the concentrated brine through a combustion heat evaporator wherein said combustion heat is generated in a submerged combustion evaporator or exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine to power a waste heat evaporator to produce a further concentrated brine. The concentrated brine from the combustion heat evaporator can then be mixed with a liquid such as the waste water that is introduced into the reverse osmosis unit. The resulting product can then be injected into a subterranean formation for purposes of disposal. The method allows the volume of the waste water to be significantly reduced while also increasing the salt concentration of the waste water.