Abstract: A sensing apparatus for ground sensing from the interior of a vehicle, comprising a sensing probe capable of being brought into contact with the ground, and a handle for moving the sensing probe from a rest position into a lower ground sensing position. The sensing probe can be coupled with the handle such that upon actuation of the handle, the sensing probe is lowered into the ground sensing position accompanied by lever action. A lowering locking mechanism can be provided for arresting a lowering movement of the sensing probe. For orientation purposes, the sensing probe can be pivotable via the handle about an essentially horizontal pivot plane, and an orientation arresting mechanism can be provided for arresting an orientation position of the sensing probe. In a vehicle having such a sensing apparatus, the sensing probe can be guided through the bottom of the interior of the vehicle.

Abstract: The invention provides a pigment, the production and use thereof, furthermore a polymeric material delustred with pigments, processes for producing this polymeric material, and the use thereof.

Abstract: A pigment, the production and use thereof, furthermore a polymeric material delustered with pigments, processes for producing this polymeric material, and the use thereof.

Abstract: An apparatus for the section-wise autofrettage of gun barrels (22) by a hydraulic pressure generated inside the barrel. The apparatus (1, 1?, 1?) comprises a mandrel-shaped insert (2, 2?, 2?) inserted into the barrel (22) from the breech opening. A first sealing device (3) is disposed at one end of the insert (2, 2?, 2?), and has a seal packet (5) disposed on a seal seat (4) of the insert (2, 2?, 2?). The seal seat (4) is limited at the front by a threaded sleeve (7) screwed onto the insert (2, 2?, 2?), and an annular intermediate part (8) adjoining the threaded sleeve (7) at the rear. The seal packet (5) includes at least one O-ring (10) held by a shoulder (9) of the mandrel-shaped insert (2, 2?, 2?), and a high-pressure seal (15) formed by two partial rings (13, 14) that are connected to one another by a conical contact surface (16).

Abstract: An apparatus for the section-wise autofrettage of gun barrels (22) by a hydraulic pressure generated inside the barrel. The apparatus (1, 1′, 1″) comprises a mandrel-shaped insert (2, 2′, 2″) inserted into the barrel (22) from the breech opening. A first sealing device (3) is disposed at one end of the insert (2, 2′, 2″), and has a seal packet (5) disposed on a seal seat (4) of the insert (2, 2′, 2″). The seal seat (4) is limited at the front by a threaded sleeve (7) screwed onto the insert (2, 2′, 2″), and an annular intermediate part (8) adjoining the threaded sleeve (7) at the rear. The seal packet (5) includes at least one O-ring (10) held by a shoulder (9) of the mandrel-shaped insert (2, 2′, 2″), and a high-pressure seal (15) formed by two partial rings (13, 14) that are connected to one another by a conical contact surface (16).

Abstract: A weapon barrel includes a hard chromium layer provided on an inner barrel surface. The hard chromium layer contains at least 500 fissures/cm in a cross-sectional plane.

Abstract: Process for preparing sulphuric acid from gasses containing SO3 and gaseous nitrosylsulphuric acid (NO+HSO4− or HO3SONO) by contact with 94% to 98% sulphuric acid, wherein the gases flow through at least one cooler and are cooled down to 160° C. to 130° C. to condense out nitrosylsulphuric acid before being brought into contact with the sulphuric acid.

Abstract: A bearing assembly for the cradle trunnions of a weapon barrel includes an axial bearing for taking up axial forces and a radial bearing for taking up radial forces. As radial bearings toroidal roller bearings are used.

Abstract: A method of coating a metal surface, particularly an inner surface of a gun barrel, with a chromium layer, includes the following steps: electrolytically precipitating on the metal surface a plurality of partial chromium layers in a superposed relationship by electric current pulses equaling the number of the partial chromium layers; and selecting the duration of each pulse such that a crystallite growth of individual partial chromium layers is stopped prior to a natural termination thereof for obtaining a globular polytropic structure of the entire chromium layer.

Abstract: A method of providing an inner surface of a weapon barrel with a hard chromium layer includes the steps of forming the hard chromium layer on the inner surface by galvanic separation; and thereafter heating the hard chromium layer beyond the re-crystallization temperature thereof for obtaining, upon conclusion of the heating step, a uniform re-crystallization of the hard chromium layer in its entirety.

Abstract: A weapon barrel includes a hard chromium layer provided on an inner barrel surface. The hard chromium layer contains at least 500 fissures/cm in a cross-sectional plane.

Abstract: A weapon barrel includes a hard chromium layer provided on an inner barrel surface. The hard chromium layer contains at least 500 fissures/cm in a cross-sectional plane.

Abstract: A holder assembly for supporting a collimator of a field adjusting device on a weapon barrel includes a holder sled having a dovetail guide provided in the underface of the sled. The dovetail guide has lateral guide faces converging toward one another. A first groove is provided in the underface of the sled and extends transversely to the length of the dovetail guide. A dovetail receiver block is affixed to the weapon barrel in the muzzle region. The dovetail receiver block has lateral guide faces converging toward one another. A second groove, located on the weapon barrel, extends transversely to the barrel axis. The holder sled is removably mountable on the weapon barrel by sliding the dovetail guide onto the dovetail receiver block in a direction parallel to the barrel axis until an installed state of the holder sled is reached.

Abstract: A weapon barrel includes a hard chromium layer provided on an inner barrel surface. The hard chromium layer contains at least 500 fissures/cm in a cross-sectional plane.

Abstract: A method of coating a metal surface, particularly an inner surface of a gun barrel, with a chromium layer, includes the following steps: electrolytically precipitating on the metal surface a plurality of partial chromium layers in a superposed relationship by electric current pulses equaling the number of the partial chromium layers; and selecting the duration of each pulse such that a crystallite growth of individual partial chromium layers is stopped prior to a natural termination thereof for obtaining a globular polytropic structure of the entire chromium layer.

Abstract: Nitrosylsulphuric acid is mixed in a mixing reactor with sulphuric acid saturated with SO2. The acid mixture is led into a saturating reactor into the bottom region of which water and an SO2-containing gas are introduced. The gas partially serves as stripping gas inside the saturating reactor. SO2-saturated, Nox-free sulphuric acid with 5 to 60 wt % H2SO4 is removed from the bottom region of the saturating reactor and part thereof is mixed with nitrosylsulphuric acid in the mixing reactor.

Abstract: A method of frictionally bonding a liner to a length portion of an outer tube of a weapon barrel includes the following steps: Cooling the liner to a temperature of less than -50.degree. C.; heating the length portion of the outer tube to a temperature such that the inner diameter of the outer tube becomes greater than the outer diameter of the liner; introducing the liner into the outer tube while maintaining the temperature of the outer tube constant; and discontinuing the heating of the outer tube and cooling the outer tube such that shrinkage of the outer tube onto the liner first occurs along a central length portion of the liner, followed, after a predetermined period, by a shrinkage of the outer tube onto the liner along terminal length portions of the liner which flank its central length portion.

Abstract: The process of concentrating a dilute sulfuric acid in a three-stage vacuum evaporation plant includes feeding an entry dilute sulfuric acid to a first evaporation stage of a vacuum evaporation plant to form an overhead vapor (6), withdrawing a finally concentrated sulfuric acid from the third evaporation stage (3), using steam or the overhead vapor (6) of the first evaporation stage as a heating fluid in the three-stage vacuum evaporation plant, maintaining the entry dilute sulfuric acid under a pressure of 0.4 to 0.7 bar and at a temperature of 80.degree. to 120.degree. C. in the first evaporation stage (1), maintaining the partially concentrated sulfuric acid under a pressure of 0.02 to 0.06 bar and at a temperature of 50.degree. to 90.degree. C. in the second evaporation stage (2), maintaining the further concentrated sulfuric acid under a pressure of 0.02 to 0.06 bar and at a temperature of 80.degree. to 120.degree. C.