Abstract: A multilayer analytical element for measuring enzyme activity in a liquid sample such as a body fluid which is less affected by intrinsic pyruvic acid contained in the liquid sample is disclosed. The analytical element comprises a support, a reagent layer, an optionally provided other layer, and a porous spreading layer. The reagent layer and/or the optionally provided other layer contain pyruvic acid oxidase. The characteristic feature of the analytical element lies in that the spreading layer has a specific void volume in the range of 3-15 .mu.l/cm.sup.2.

Abstract: An integral multilayer analytical element for the analysis of an ammonia-forming substrate comprising:(I) a light-transmissive, liquid-impermeable support:(II) an ammonia indicator layer containing a reagent capable of undergoing a detectable change by gaseous ammonia;(III) a liquid barrier layer which allows gaseous ammonia passing therethrough;(IV) an ammonia-forming substrate reaction layer containing a reagent capable of reacting with an ammonia-forming substrate to form gaseous ammonia;(V) an intrinsic ammonia trapping layer containing a reagent which acts on intrinsic ammonia to convert it into a form which can not reach said reaction layer; and(IV) a porous spreading layer, in a laminate form.

Abstract: A dry analysis element for the analysis of iron ions, which is improved in selectivity so that iron ions can be analyzed reliably at a high sensitivity without the interferences by the presence of hindering Cu.sup.2+ and/or Zn.sup.2+ ions. The analysis element comprises a detection reagent layer containing Nitro-PAPS acting as a chelating agent and a cationic compound, and a pre-treating layer containing a Cu.sup.2+ -specific chelating agent. The analysis element further includes a pH buffer for keeping the pH value of the detection reagent layer within the range of from pH 3.0 to 5.0. The pH adjusting buffer may be contained in either one of the detection reagent layer or the pre-treating layer, or may be contained in another layer. The detection reagent layer may be composed of a coloring reagent layer containing Nitro-PAPS acting as the chelating agent, and a diffusion-preventing layer laminated on the coloring reagent layer and containing the cationic compound.

Abstract: An integral multilayer element for chemical analysis utilizing an oxidase enzyme reaction system is prepared having in the following order:(a) a porous spreading layer;(b) an oxygen-permeable, protein-impermeable light-blocking layer;(c) an oxidase-containing layer;(d) an indicator layer containing peroxidase and a hydrogen peroxide indicator showing detectable change in the presence of peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide; and(e) a water-impermeable, light-transmissive support. The oxidase in the oxidase-containing layer is preferably glucose oxidase to provide a multilayer element for glucose determination. This multilayer element shortens the analytical time, widens the measurable concentration range of the analyte and improves accuracy.

Abstract: A dry analytical element for use in the measurement of activity of enzyme in an aqueous liquid, such as, body fluid, having one or more water-retaining layers. The enzyme has an optimum pH in a in pH range within which the dissociation of p-nitrophenol is insufficient for color formation. The layers of the element comprise a self-developing substrate having p-nitrophenol group attached to the molecular structure through an ether or ester linkage and a cationic polymer, said self-developing substrate and said cationic polymer being incorporated separately in different water-retaining carriers which are arranged to allow the layers to have liquid contact with each other.

Abstract: A dry-type analytical element suitable for measuring the activity of alanine aminotransferase in a liquid sample, characterized by incorporating a dye capable of absorbing the electromagnetic waves of 400 to 500 nm into at least one water-permeable layer. The coloring sensitivity of the dry-type analytical element does not increase substantially even under a fluorescent light, and thereby, an accurate measured value can easily be obtained.

Abstract: A dry-type analytical element suitable for measuring enzyme activity of in a liquid sample, characterized by incorporating a polyacrylamide, polymethacrylamide or their derivatives into at least one water-permeable layer. The background concentration of the dry-type analytical element exhibits minimal increase even under a fluorescent light, and allows an accurate measured value to be easily obtained.

Abstract: A reagent sheet for the measurement of GGT (.gamma.-glutamyl transferase) activity comprising a porous sheet containing a cationic surfactant and a self-developable substrate upon contact with .gamma.-glutamyl transferase. An integral multilayer analytical element for the measurement of GGT activity, comprising a porous spreading layer containing a cationic surfactant and a self-developable substrate in response to contact with .gamma.-glutamyl transferase, a water-absorbing layer and a support in a laminated form. The substrate can be either .gamma.-glutamyl-p-nitroamilide or .gamma.-glutamyl-3-carboxy-4-nitroamilide.

Abstract: An analytical element for quantitative analysis of bilirubin in a liquid sample by a diazo method, characterized in that the bilirubin detection reagent is a non-diffusive aryldiazonium salt having in the aryl group at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an alkoxycarbonyl group, an alkylaminosulfonyl group and an alkylaminocarbonyl group.

Abstract: An integral multilayer analytical element for use in the measurement of alkaline phosphatase activity, which comprises a porous spreading layer of woven fabric or knitted fabric containing an alkaline phosphatase-sensitive self-developing substrate, a buffer layer containing one or more compounds functioning as a phosphoric acid acceptor and a buffering agent and a support layer in a laminated form.

Abstract: A multilayer analysis film for assaying transaminase in a coupled reaction system by a kinetic method comprises (1) a porous layer containing a transaminase substrate, (2) a coloring indicator layer for the detection of hydrogen peroxide, and (3) a transparent support, integrally laminated in this order. Pyruvate oxidase is located in a large excess in the uppermost porous layer where a rate-determining step receives maximum exposure to oxygen in the air. By the use of the analysis film, transaminase activity can be assayed with high sensitivity.

Abstract: A dry analytical element for assaying an enzyme in a liquid is disclosed, comprising a support having provided thereon at least a porous liquid-spreading layer composed of water non-absorbent fibers, wherein said porous liquid-spreading layer contains a substrate for an enzyme to be assayed and a hydrophilic polymer in an amount effective to decrease a spreading area by at least 20%. The analytical element exhibits high sensitivity and high reproducibility.

Abstract: An integral multilayer analytical element for the measurement of alkaline phosphatase activity, which comprises a porous spreading layer containing a self-developable substrate in response to contact with alkaline phosphatase, a buffer layer containing a diffusion-resistant base and a support in a laminated form.

Abstract: An analytical element for quantitative analysis of analyte contained in a body fluid or the like, which has at least one reagent layer comprising a reactive reagent and a binder, characterized in that a portion or whole of the binder is a polycarboxylic acid carrying a nonionic surface active agent attached through ester linkage to at least a portion of the carboxyl groups contained therein.

Abstract: A multilayer chemical analytical element is employable in quantitative analysis of analyte in a biological fluid such as blood. The element consists of a porous spreading layer, a light-blocking layer and a reagent layer on a water-impermeable light-transmissive support in order. The light-blocking layer contains a titanium dioxide fine powder with no provision of aluminum oxide compound or silicon oxide.

Abstract: A novel imidazole derivative type reagent for analysis of hydrogen peroxide, a method of analysis of hydrogen peroxide using the same, a method of analysis of peroxidase using the same, and a multilayer chemicalanalytical element containing the same are disclosed.The imidazole derivative has the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represent an aryl group or a substituted aryl group, and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical with or different from each other, and R.sup.3 represents 2- or 3-pyrrolyl group, a substituted 2- or 3-pyrrolyl group, 2- or 3-indolyl group, or a substituted 2- or 3-indolyl group.

Abstract: A multilayer analytical element for determining an assay of a component in whole blood sample is disclosed, which comprises at least two water-permeable layers, wherein one layer is a sample spreading layer and the other layer is a reagent layer, wherein one layer or more of said water-permeable layers contain a composition which interacts with said component in whole blood sample, wherein the composition forms a dye capable of being detected by a spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 600 n.m. or longer, when the composition interacts with said component in whole blood sample.

Abstract: In a dry analytical element for the determination of creatine kinase enzymatic activity is disclosed, comprising at least one porous medium and at least one water permeable layer having a liquid contact relation with the porous medium, the porous medium or the water permeable layer contains creatine phosphoric acid, ADP, a thiol compound as a creatine kinase activation agent, glucose, hexokinase, G6PDH, NAD.sup.+, an electron transmission agent and a formazane dye forming tetrazolium salt, the improvement wherein at least one water permeable layer having a liquid contact relation with the porous medium contains a formazane dye forming tetrazolium salt and not more than 16 g/m.sup.2 of gelatin.

Abstract: A multilayer analytical element for quantitative analysis of bilirubin in a liquid sample by a diazo method, which comprises a laminated structure consisting essentially of:(1) a porous reagent layer containing an acidic binder and a diazonium salt being reactive to bilirubin to produce azobilirubin;(2) an absorbent layer capable of absorbing an excessive liquid portion; and(3) a liquid-impermeable light-transmissive support.

Abstract: A dry-type quantitative glucose-analyzing element comprising a water-impermeable light-transmissive support having thereon a group of water-permeable layers comprising a reagent layer, an enzyme-containing layer, and a porous spreading layer which are laminated on said support in this order, and a hydrogen peroxide-detecting coloring composition comprising a hydrogen donor and a coupler; whereinsaid reagent layer contains at least said coupler;said enzyme-containing layer contains a glucose oxidase, a peroxidase and a mordant which immobilizes a dye formed by said coloring composition; andsaid hydrogen donor is contained in at least one water-permeable layer of said group. Using the element, quantitative determination of glucose of high concentration is possible with high accuracy.