Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member having excellent cleaning performance, a process cartridge, and an electrophotographic apparatus. The peripheral surface of the member has flat portions having a width e (?m) satisfying 0.1?e?25 and a plurality of groove portions having a width w (?m) satisfying 0.1?w?25 and a depth d (?m) satisfying 0.1?d?3.0, the flat and groove portions at an angle ? (°) satisfying 80???100 with respect to the axial direction of the member. The sum esum (?m) of the widths e of the flat portions per each width of 100 ?m in the axial direction of the peripheral surface satisfying 5?esum?75, and e?/eAv satisfying e?/eAv?0.46, where eAv (?m) is the average value of the widths e of the flat portions, and e? is the standard deviation thereof.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member comprises a charge-transporting layer which is a surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member; wherein the charge-transporting layer has a matrix-domain structure having: a matrix comprising a component [?] and a component [?] (charge-transporting substances having specific structures), and a domain comprising a component [?](resin [?1], or resin [?1] and resin [?2]).

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member comprises a charge-transporting layer which is a surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member; wherein the charge-transporting layer has a matrix-domain structure having: a matrix comprising: at least one resin selected from the group consisting of a polycarbonate resin C and a polyester resin D; and at least one charge-transporting substance selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the following formula (1) and a compound represented by the following formula (1?), and a domain comprising a polycarbonate resin A.

Abstract: A charge-transporting layer of an electrophotographic photosensitive member has a matrix-domain structure having a domain which comprises at least one resin selected from the group consisting of a resin A1 a resin A2 and a specific silicone oil, and a matrix which comprises resin C and a charge-transporting substance, wherein a content of the structural unit represented by the formula (A-1) and the structural unit represented by the formula (A-2) is from 10% by mass to 40% by mass based on the total mass of the resin A1 and the resin A2.

Abstract: A charge-transporting layer of an electrophotographic photosensitive member contains a charge-transporting substance, a resin A having a specific structural unit and a resin C having a specific structural unit as resins, and a compound D having a specific structural unit, and the charge-transporting layer contains domains containing the resin A1, the resin A2 and the compound D in a matrix containing the charge-transporting substance and the resin C.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a surface layer including a particular charge-transporting substance and a particular polyester resin having a particular repeating structural unit. The content of the particular repeating structural unit is 30% by mass or more based on the total mass of the polyester resin included in the surface layer.

Abstract: A charge-transporting layer includes a matrix-domain structure. The domain contains a polyester resin A. The matrix contains a charge-transporting substance and at least one of a polyester resin C and a polycarbonate resin D.

Abstract: The present invention is an electrophotographic photosensitive member including a charge-transporting layer as the surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member having a matrix-domain structure including: a matrix including a component ? (at least one resin of a polycarbonate resin C having a specific repeating structural unit and a polyester resin D having a specific repeating structural unit), and ? (charge-transporting substance having a specific structure); and a domain including a component ? (polycarbonate resin A having a repeating structural unit containing a specific siloxane moiety).

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member having excellent cleaning performance, a process cartridge, and an electrophotographic apparatus. The peripheral surface of the member has flat portions having a width e (?m) satisfying 0.1?e?25 and a plurality of groove portions having a width w (?m) satisfying 0.1?w?25 and a depth d (?m) satisfying 0.1?d?3.0, the flat and groove portions at an angle ? (°) satisfying 80???100 with respect to the axial direction of the member. The sum esum (?m) of the widths e of the flat portions per each width of 100 ?m in the axial direction of the peripheral surface satisfying 5?esum?75, and e?/eAv satisfying e?/eAv?0.46, where eAv (?m) is the average value of the widths e of the flat portions, and e? is the standard deviation thereof.

Abstract: A charge-transporting layer, which is a surface layer of an electrophotographic photosensitive member, has a matrix-domain structure having a matrix containing constituent ? (a polycarbonate resin having a predetermined repeating structural unit) and a charge-transporting substance, and a domain containing constituent ? (a polycarbonate resin having a repeating structural unit having a predetermined siloxane moiety).

Abstract: A charge-transporting layer, which is a surface layer of an electrophotographic photosensitive member, has a matrix-domain structure having a matrix containing constituent ? (a polyester resin having a predetermined repeating structural unit) and a charge-transporting substance, and a domain containing constituent ? (a polycarbonate resin having a repeating structural unit having a predetermined siloxane moiety).

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member comprises a charge-transporting layer which is a surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member; wherein the charge-transporting layer has a matrix-domain structure having: a matrix comprising a component ? and a component ?, and a domain comprising a component ?.

Abstract: In the case where an uneven structure is formed on the surface of cylindrical electrophotographic photosensitive members, for the purpose of reducing the variation of the uneven structure between the individual cylindrical electrophotographic photosensitive members even when a large number of cylindrical electrophotographic photosensitive members are continuously processed, an insert is inserted into the interior of a cylindrical electrophotographic photosensitive member including a cylindrical substrate and a surface layer, the surface uneven structure of a molding member is transferred to and formed on the surface of the surface layer of the photosensitive member. The insert includes an abutting part having an outer peripheral surface capable of abutting on the inner peripheral surface of the substrate, a connecting part positioned inside of the abutting part in the radical direction and a shaft part positioned inside of the connecting part in the radical direction.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member comprises a charge-transporting layer which is a surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member; wherein the charge-transporting layer has a matrix-domain structure having: a matrix comprising a component [?] and a component [?] (charge-transporting substances having specific structures), and a domain comprising a component [?](resin [?1], or resin [?1] and resin [?2]).

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic photosensitive member, including: a support; and a photosensitive layer, which is provided on the support, in which: a surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a terminal siloxane-containing polyester resin having a specific structure; and a lower layer provided in contact with the surface layer includes a polycarbonate resin, a polyester resin, or a polyvinyl acetal resin, having a specific structure.

Abstract: An electrophotographic apparatus is provided including an electrophotographic photosensitive member which includes a surface protective layer; and an exposure device which irradiates a surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member with an exposure beam so as to form an electrostatic latent image on the surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member, wherein the surface protective layer includes a material having no structure to provide charge transporting performance and has a plurality of through holes penetrating from the side of the front surface of the surface protective layer to the side of the charge transport layer, and the thickness of the surface protective layer is from 0.1 ?m or more to 1.5 ?m or less, and wherein when the surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member is irradiated with the exposure beam, two or more of the through holes are included in an exposure beam spot.

Abstract: The present invention is an electrophotographic photosensitive member including a charge-transporting layer as the surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member having a matrix-domain structure including: a matrix including a component ? (at least one resin of a polycarbonate resin C having a specific repeating structural unit and a polyester resin D having a specific repeating structural unit), and ? (charge-transporting substance having a specific structure); and a domain including a component ? (polycarbonate resin A having a repeating structural unit containing a specific siloxane moiety).

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member comprises a charge-transporting layer which is a surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member; wherein the charge-transporting layer has a matrix-domain structure having: a matrix comprising: at least one resin selected from the group consisting of a polycarbonate resin C and a polyester resin D; and at least one charge-transporting substance selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the following formula (1) and a compound represented by the following formula (1?), and a domain comprising a polycarbonate resin A.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic photosensitive member which is excellent in terms of both continuous reduction of contact stress with contact members and the like and potential stability during repeated use. A charge transport layer which serves as a surface layer of an electrophotographic photosensitive member has a matrix-domain structure including a matrix containing a component [?] (polycarbonate resin D having a specific repeating structural unit) and a charge-transporting substance and domains containing a component [?] (polycarbonate resin A having a repeating structural unit including a specific siloxane moiety).

Abstract: An electrophotographic apparatus is provided including an electrophotographic photosensitive member which includes a surface protective layer; and an exposure device which irradiates a surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member with an exposure beam so as to form an electrostatic latent image on the surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member, wherein the surface protective layer includes a material having no structure to provide charge transporting performance and has a plurality of through holes penetrating from the side of the front surface of the surface protective layer to the side of the charge transport layer, and the thickness of the surface protective layer is from 0.1 ?m or more to 1.5 ?m or less, and wherein when the surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member is irradiated with the exposure beam, two or more of the through holes are included in an exposure beam spot.